No. 06 (2025) Volume - V Issue - VI

Abdulla Qodiriy made a significant contribution to Uzbek literature as one of the founders of realistic prose and the historical novel genre. His work “Scorpion from the Altar,” written in 1934, explores the ideological clashes between the Jadid movement, enlightenment ideals, and forces of traditional thinking. Drawing on literary and historical events, the novel critically portrays the complex socio-political dynamics of society, particularly during the oppressive reign of Khudoyorkhan. At its core, this work reflects the author’s strong sense of justice, deep historical awareness, and concern for the people's fate.

This article analyzes the consequences of the First World War and the resulting emergence of the phenomenon known as the “Lost Generation.” The war affected not only political and economic spheres but also had a profound impact on human psychology and social consciousness. The article explores how the concept of the “Lost Generation” took shape through literature, art, and social attitudes, shedding light on the worldview and outlook on life of this generation. It highlights post-war societal changes within a historical and cultural context.

Color terms are among the most productive sources of conceptual metaphor, yet comparative studies that examine how they shape political and media discourse across unrelated languages remain scarce. Drawing on a balanced corpus of 10 million words from English‐language U.S. news outlets and 8 million words from Uzbek‐language newspapers, parliamentary debates, and televised interviews (2010-2024), this article investigates the metaphorical deployment of basic color lexemes in framing ideological positions, legitimising power, and constructing in-group/out-group boundaries. Using a mixed methodology that combines cognitive-semantic analysis with corpus-assisted discourse studies, we identify convergent patterns—such as the evaluative polarity of black/oq and white/qora—and language-specific innovations, including the prominence of green metaphors in Uzbek ecological politics and the entrenched red–blue partisan dichotomy in American electoral talk. Statistical keyword and collocation tests reveal that color metaphors cluster around four macro-domains (morality, security, economic stability, and national identity) and perform distinct pragmatic functions: emotional intensification in headlines, moral evaluation in editorials, and strategic vagueness in politician sound bites. The findings contribute to metaphor theory by demonstrating how cultural scripts, media routines, and party branding dynamically recalibrate the cross-linguistic mappings between chromatic perception and socio-political meaning.

This article talks about the richness of the work of the famous Turkish writer Yasar Kemal, the novel "The Legend of the Mountain", which introduced the writer to world literature, and its translations into world languages, translators and publications of the work. This article provides information to young specialists and researchers about the worldwide study of the work of Yasar Kemal and the achievements of his translations.

This article investigates the faithfulness of translating behavioral verbs between the Uzbek and English languages. The study focuses on how accurately meanings are preserved during the translation process, considering both linguistic and cultural nuances. By comparing examples from both languages, the paper highlights typical challenges and offers recommendations for achieving greater equivalence and adequacy in translation.

This article provides information about the linguistic field of onomastics and the anthroponyms included in it. The article describes in detail the gradual study of proper names by scientists and their work on anthroponyms. The article describes the research of not only Russian, but also world linguists in this field.Proper use of the form of one's own name, knowledge of a foreign language and familiarity with foreign cultural models of personal names are among the most important conditions for the success of the intercultural communication process. Many issues related to the functioning of personal names have been addressed by various disciplines. Anthroponyms are of great importance in people's lives. They reflect the culture and worldview of the society.

This article explores the role of spatial symbolism and narrative geography in the classic Grimm fairy tale Hansel and Gretel. By examining key locations such as the forest, the gingerbread house, the oven, and the journey home, the study reveals how place functions as more than mere setting—it shapes character development, drives plot progression, and reflects deep psychological and cultural meanings. Drawing on literary, psychoanalytic, and folkloric frameworks, the analysis demonstrates how these toponyms act as metaphors for fear, growth, temptation, and transformation. Ultimately, the tale’s geography becomes a symbolic map of the children’s emotional and moral journey from abandonment to empowerment, offering insights into the enduring power of place in fairy-tale storytelling.

This article presents a comparative linguistic and cultural analysis of regional food names in English and Uzbek. Culinary terms carry not only linguistic meaning but also deep cultural and historical significance. The article explores the lexical structure, semantic features, and translation challenges of food-related terminology in both languages, emphasizing the role of culture in naming and understanding traditional dishes. The study highlights the need for culturally sensitive approaches when translating or interpreting culinary terms across languages.

Folklore, encompassing the oral traditions, myths, legends, customs, and beliefs passed through generations, represents a form of spiritual wealth with significant cultural, psychological, and societal value. This paper explores the multifaceted role of folklore as a repository of collective memory, identity, and wisdom. As intangible cultural heritage, folklore shapes and reflects the values, norms, and worldviews of communities, offering insights into their historical experiences, moral codes, and spiritual practices.

The spiritual wealth inherent in folklore manifests through its ability to convey ethical lessons, foster community cohesion, and provide psychological resilience in times of adversity. Folklore not only preserves cultural continuity but also acts as a bridge between the sacred and the mundane, often invoking a sense of awe, reverence, and connection to the divine or supernatural. Through rituals, festivals, and oral narratives, it reinforces shared spiritual beliefs and facilitates the transmission of collective knowledge.

The scientific analysis of folklore highlights its intrinsic cognitive, social, and emotional functions, emphasizing its role in psychological well-being and identity formation. This abstract examines folklore through interdisciplinary lenses, incorporating anthropology, sociology, psychology, and cultural studies to demonstrate its enduring relevance. It argues that folklore is not just a relic of the past but a dynamic, living tradition that adapts to contemporary societal needs, maintaining its value as a source of wisdom and spiritual enrichment in modern times. Furthermore, recognizing folklore as spiritual wealth underscores its potential for promoting intercultural dialogue, fostering empathy, and preserving global cultural diversity in an era of rapid globalization.

The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for greater preservation and academic attention to folklore as a key component of humanity’s intangible heritage, recognizing it as an invaluable asset for sustaining cultural identity, spiritual fulfillment, and social resilience.

This article provides a comparative-typological analysis of the semantic categories inherent in nouns in Uzbek and English. As a result of the analysis, taking into account typological data, both similarities and differences between languages are revealed. From this perspective, the comparison explains which categories express the semantics of a noun and how they manifest in the languages being studied. This approach not only reveals the differences between the two languages but also contributes to establishing common principles of semantic systems. The research results can be useful in the field of linguistic theory, applied linguistics, and translation.

The concept of semantic category, that is, the types of meanings expressed in language, is considered on the example of lexical units, in particular, nouns. The study examines the following semantic categories.

This study analyzes the structural architecture and stylistic features of Navādir al-Amthāl, authored by 17th-century scholar Mīrak Muḥammad Naqshbandī Tāshkandī. The research focuses on the work’s overall composition – introduction, body, and conclusion – and the microstructure of individual entries formed by the triad: proverb, commentary, and witness verse. It highlights enriching elements such as historical narratives, regional expressions, and Turkic equivalents of Persian proverbs. Special attention is given to the poetic citations (“witness verses”), which serve to legitimize proverbs, expand metaphorical meaning, and build cultural continuity between oral and written traditions. The paper argues that the composition of Navādir al-Amthāl reflects not only a methodical structure but also embodies the author’s encyclopedic and didactic intent. From a modern textological perspective, the work emerges as a unique scholarly contribution that bridges lexicography, literature, and cultural memory.

This article explores the codicological and paleographic dimensions of Siyari Sharifi Turkiy, an autonomous Turkic work composed by Muhammad Rahim Miskin in the 18th–19th centuries. Although the narrative originates from the Persian Miʿraj al-Nubuwwa, the Turkic version contains major structural transformations, original interpolations, and cultural adaptations that qualify it as an independent work rather than a mere translation. This study examines 24 verified manuscripts from repositories in Uzbekistan, Turkey, Germany, Russia, and Sweden. Each manuscript is analyzed in terms of textual structure, scribe attribution, copying date, and physical characteristics such as number of folios and lines per page. Through this codicological comparison, the article seeks to reassess the neglected position of Siyari Sharifi Turkiy in modern scholarship and to contribute toward a more inclusive understanding of Turkic Islamic textual production.

This article explores the expression of linguocultural similes used in Otkir Hoshimov’s novel Between Two Doors and discusses their artistic and functional aspects.

This article explores the origins, classification, and social consequences of fake news. It examines how misinformation has evolved from historical rumors to modern digital disinformation campaigns. Drawing on the work of leading researchers, particularly A.P. Sukhodolov, the paper identifies different types of fakes based on their structure, intent, and perceived credibility. It discusses how fake news can be intentionally or unintentionally produced and highlights its impact on society, politics, and information trust. The commercialization of fake content and the use of bots and troll farms are also addressed as growing challenges in the digital age. The study emphasizes the importance of media literacy and critical thinking in combating the spread of fake news.

The metaphorical use of equestrian vocabulary is a vivid reflection of cultural history, social psychology, and worldviews embedded in both English and Uzbek societies. This article explores the nature, structure, and semantics of metaphorical expressions relating to equestrianism in these two languages. By employing both cognitive-linguistic and comparative-cultural approaches, the study reveals similarities and divergences in the conceptualization of the horse as a metaphorical source domain. Corpus-based evidence, literary analysis, and ethnolinguistic data are integrated to elucidate how metaphorical language drawn from the equestrian sphere functions within wider discourses of power, speed, nobility, unpredictability, and social order. The research demonstrates that, while both English and Uzbek employ equestrian metaphors to articulate core human experiences, the specific mappings and lexical realizations reflect unique sociocultural trajectories. The article concludes with implications for bilingual lexicography, cross-cultural communication, and metaphor studies.

This article examines the role of multisensory teaching methods in enhancing learning, especially for children with learning difficulties. It focuses on the practical use of visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile approaches in methods developed by Grace Fernald, Orton-Gillingham, and Maria Montessori, showing how engaging multiple senses can make education more effective and inclusive.

This article investigates the historical and ongoing impact of Russian cultural policies on the development and strengthening of Ukrainian national unity. Drawing on theories of nationalism, social identity, and cultural hegemony, we analyze how deliberate attempts to suppress Ukrainian language, history, and religious institutions have, paradoxically, contributed to a more robust and unified Ukrainian national identity. The study examines various facets of this suppression, including linguistic Russification, historical revisionism, and religious subjugation, and explores the Ukrainian responses, from linguistic preservation efforts to the assertion of ecclesiastical independence. Ultimately, the article argues that Russian cultural suppression, rather than diminishing Ukrainian nationhood, has inadvertently fostered a collective memory of resistance and a stronger sense of shared identity among Ukrainians, particularly evident in contemporary times.

This study explores the stylistic devices used by Khaled Hosseini in West of Kabul, East of New York to portray cultural hybridity among Afghan immigrants in America. Through analysis of symbolism, imagery, language, irony, and narrative perspectives, the research highlights how Hosseini vividly depicts the complexities, tensions, and resilience inherent in hybrid identities. The use of symbols like the kite and trees, along with code-switching and contrasting imagery, underscores the fluidity and ongoing negotiation of cultural heritage and adaptation. This stylistic craft enriches the narrative, illuminating the multifaceted experience of living between two cultures.

Young people in Uzbekistan today constitute more than a third of the population and are increasingly recognised as indispensable actors in the transition toward environmental sustainability. The article examines how Uzbek youth contribute to climate-smart development through volunteer movements, green start-ups, and policy advocacy, and it analyses the obstacles that still hamper the full realisation of their potential. Relying on a mixed-methods design that includes a literature review, official statistics, and a 2024–2025 qualitative survey of 120 youth eco-activists from five regions, the study elucidates three inter-related dimensions of youth engagement: ecological awareness, behavioural participation, and structural empowerment. Results show that nationwide initiatives such as “Yashil Makon” and the Youth Affairs Agency’s eco-volunteer network have substantially raised environmental literacy and facilitated tree-planting drives and waste-sorting campaigns. However, limited institutional financing, fragmented coordination between government and civil society, and uneven access to green education still restrain scalability. The discussion situates the Uzbek case within global debates on youth-led sustainability and offers policy recommendations that emphasise integrated curricula, participatory budgeting, and inclusive green entrepreneurship. The article concludes that strengthening youth agency is not merely a demographic imperative but a strategic pathway to achieving the country’s climate-resilient and low-carbon development goals.

The analysis of works of art has attracted the attention of scientists since ancient times. The construction of the plot, the development of events, the clarity and depth of the charactersʻ state of mind, the creation of character - all these are complex problems associated with language skills. Even drawing a portrait, which at first glance seems a very "easy" task, requires great talent. As a result, the image of the hero of the work becomes not just a "portrait", but a living person. In addition, a work of art should have an internal music of the word - a melody, portraits of heroes, landscapes, scenes evoke the readerʻs idea of that people, that people. This article provides detailed information on the analysis of the portrait and its term in works of art.

This article focuses on the analysis of two important syntactic components in Arabic grammar — maf‘ul bihi (direct object) and maf‘ul mutlaq (absolute object). It begins by explaining the lexical and terminological definitions of both types, their syntactic roles in a sentence, and their function in enhancing meaning. Maf‘ul bihi refers to the noun that directly receives the action of the verb, acting as its immediate object. In contrast, maf‘ul mutlaq is derived from the same root as the verb and serves to emphasize, explain, or quantify the action itself. The article outlines their similarities, such as both appearing in the accusative case (nasb), having a direct grammatical link to the verb, and contributing to the clarity of the sentence. However, key differences are also thoroughly discussed: maf‘ul bihi typically refers to an external object, while maf‘ul mutlaq is often a verbal noun (masdar) derived from the verb itself. The article includes examples of both usages, highlights their practical roles in communication, and provides guidance for language learners and educators on how to approach them in teaching and translation. Written in an analytical style, the article serves as a valuable resource for Arabic language learners, translators, and linguists, offering both theoretical insights and practical knowledge necessary for deep syntactic understanding and interpretation of Arabic texts.

The article explores the grammatical category of verb mood in Russian and English from a comparative linguistic perspective. It provides an analysis of the forms and means of expressing the indicative, imperative, and subjunctive moods. The study identifies similarities and differences in the structure and function of moods in both languages. Special attention is given to the morphological and syntactic mechanisms of expressing modality, as well as the challenges faced by language learners.

This scientific article investigates the commonalities and comparative differences in word formation between English and Uzbek. English and Uzbek languages possess both similar and distinct features in terms of their morphological systems. Through the analysis of word formation processes, this scholarly research provides extensive information on morphological changes in both languages, including affixation, composition, shortening, and reduplication. This study contributes to a better understanding of cross-linguistic morphological comparison between Uzbek and English. This, in turn, serves as a useful scientific resource for linguists, translators, and educators to gain a deeper insight into the interrelationships between the two languages.

This study examines the expression and usage of homonyms in Uzbek and Arabic languages, highlighting the linguistic phenomenon where words share the same form but carry different meanings. In both languages, homonyms play a significant role in enriching vocabulary, creating humor, and facilitating poetic expression. The types of homonyms are classified as lexical (including lexical and phraseological) and grammatical. Uzbek homonyms emerge through linguistic evolution, borrowing, and dialectical variations, while Arabic homonyms, known as compound words, are debated for their literal versus metaphorical meanings. Notable examples from each language illustrate the depth and variety of homonyms, emphasizing their function in literature, art, and communication. The study also distinguishes homonyms from polysemantic words, highlighting their structural and semantic independence.

This paper explores the life and contributions of the eminent scholar Allama Ubaydullah ibn Masud al-Bukhari, also known as Sadrush Sharia al-Asghar, focusing on his work Al-Wishah. A prominent figure in the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence, Ubaydullah ibn Masud's legacy extends beyond law into the realms of linguistics and eloquence. The study highlights his educational lineage, influential works, and profound impact on Islamic scholarship during a tumultuous period marked by Mongol invasions. Special attention is given to Al-Wishah, a significant treatise on eloquence and semantics, which demonstrates the scholar’s interdisciplinary expertise. By synthesizing key elements of Miftahul-Ulum by Sakkaki and Nihayatul-Ijaz by Fakhruddin Razi, the work embodies a concise yet rich style that continues to influence the teaching of rhetoric and grammar in Islamic education. This analysis underscores the encyclopedic nature of Ubaydullah ibn Masud's scholarship, offering a fresh perspective on his intellectual versatility.