This article presents an analysis of the literature on the role of cytokines in the course of the disease, their effect on the immune system in obstructive bronchitis. One of the most common clinical syndromes in children is obstructive bronchitis. The urgency of the problem of obstructive bronchitis is associated with the frequency of bacterial complications, the development of life-threatening conditions due to its prevalence in viral infections in children, as well as the presence of atypical bacterial pathogens [5]. The modern concept of the pathogenesis of obstructive bronchitis provides the development of the pathological process as a result of the complex influence of various factors, including infectious and allergic factors [5,11].