In the Republic of Uzbekistan, an online survey was conducted among various age groups in order to determine the most frequently consumed drinks (240 respondents). The pH values of 26 drinks were measured using litmus tests and a pH meter. The drinks were determined based on these pH values and distributed into groups of liquids according to their erosion potential. Five drinks - pineapple juice, lemon juice, red wine, white wine and green tea - were used in the enamel resistance test (ERT). The most aggressive liquid for the hard tissues of the teeth was determined. The results of the experiment showed that the drink that has the most aggressive effect on the hard tissues of the tooth is lemon juice, which reduces the resistance of enamel to caries by 3.33 times within three days. Keywords: acidity of beverages, hard tooth tissues, caries resistance Erosion of hard tooth tissues is a gradual loss of enamel and dentin as a result of acid dissolution. The prevalence of dental erosion is high and is steadily increasing among the population [3]. A recent study conducted in Israel [4] showed that the prevalence of erosion is 36.6% in the 15-18 age group and 61.9% in the 55-60 age group. One of the main factors contributing to the occurrence of erosions is the frequent consumption of low-pH beverages; consumption of low-pH soft drinks continues to grow, and knowledge of their erosive potential is important for dietary and dental counseling. The drinks consumed contain various acids, including carbonic acid, organic acids from fruits, tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid and tartaric acid [1-3]. In recent years, diets using low-pH foods and beverages (such as lemon and vinegar diets) have become increasingly popular, but not everyone is aware of their harmful effects. More and more people use sweet carbonated or non-carbonated drinks instead of plain water to quench their thirst, which also (but not exclusively) negatively affects the condition of the hard tissues of the teeth.
Hereditary coagulopathies characterized by reduced blood clotting occupy a special place among diseases of the blood system. The most common of these are hemophilia and Willebrand's disease. Hemophilia-the disease of "royals" - is an old, but still relevant disease.
Hereditary coagulopathies, characterized by reduced blood clotting, occupy a special place among diseases of the blood system. Based on who data and the likely frequency of research on these diseases, the prevalence of hemophilia ranges from 3 to 25 patients per 10,000 population.
Few studies of the oral cavity in patients with hemophilia have shown a high level of dental diseases, poor hygiene of the oral cavity. This is due to the lack of proper oral care, and dispensary monitoring, fear of prolonged bleeding after dental manipulations. For this reason, dentists try to avoid treating dental diseases in this category of patients.
At the same time, modern achievements of medical science in the field of Hematology and the development of effective replacement therapy allow to prevent almost all types of bleeding.
However, this group of patients is still unable to receive timely and high-quality dental treatment and prevention, which largely determines the high prevalence of inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial region.
All of the above is evidence of the presence of many predisposing factors of damage to the dental system in patients with hemophilia, as well as the need for preventive, therapeutic, including orthopedic dental measures for this category of patients.
The study was conducted to assess the dental state of the oral cavity in children and adolescents with
dentoalveolar anomalies against the background of bronchial asthma. A comprehensive
epidemiological survey was carried out in 225 children and adolescents, divided into two groups. The
main group of 180 included patients with dentoalveolar anomalies and deformities suffering from
bronchial asthma, and the Control group of 45 patients without somatic pathology. Both groups were
divided into age categories 6-9 years old, 10-13 years old and 14-18 years old. In the course of clinical
research, the state of the hard tissues of the tooth, periodontal tissues and oral mucosa, as well as the
frequency of dentoalveolar anomalies and deformities, the level of oral hygiene were studied.
In recent years, research has been carried out to study the problems of improving the organization of dental care for both the General population and individual categories of industrial workers4,6.
However, to date not carried out in-depth studies on the problems of improvement of dental care to employees of the chemical industry in the new socio-economic conditions of development of industrial complex and reform of the health system, there is no comprehensive study of the current status of dental service medical-sanitary unit (MSCH) large enterprises, comparison of availability and quality of dental care to employees at the place of residence and place of work.
The purpose of this review is to study the dental morbidity of chemical workers, develop measures to improve their dental health and improve the quality of life.
At the present stage of development of the industrial complex of our country, a number of large enterprises have the opportunity to organize dental care for employees, primarily with harmful working conditions, at a higher level. At the same time, the implementation of the preventive orientation in dental care for the working population remains an unsolved problem2,3.
The successful functioning of any medical service in modern conditions is possible only with the optimal interaction of all parts, all elements of the health system depends largely on the level of organization and management of medical institutions to optimize their work7,8.
Keywords: Condition of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, the hard tissues of teeth and paradontium, taste analyzer, unfavorable factors of production.
Material And Methods Of Research: It is planned to conduct a study of 120 workers of JSC "samarkandkime" - the main group, as well as 115 patients who applied to polyclinic No. 10 and are not related to the chemical industry - the control group.
The data that was received was subjected to statistical processing using the Microsoft Excel application package. The reliability of the difference in parameters was determined by the student's criterion.
Results and discussion.Currently, the issues of dental health for workers in various industries are relevant.
Various harmful factors of production can have a negative impact on human health, including on the tissues of the teeth, periodontal, oral and lip mucosa.
Retrospective analysis of outpatient records of patients with comorbidities such as hepatitis А, В, C, with inflammatory processes of the oral cavity' and maxillofacial area after tooth extraction performed for emergency indications. Material and methods: According to archival data for three years (2017-2019), on the basis of the clinic of adult surgical dentistry i the Tashkent State Dental Institute, an analysis of 78 case histories of hospitalized patients with hepatitis and 107 outpatient records of patients with concomitanl pathology (hepatitis А, В, C) at the age from 19 to 55 years with various types of odontogenic inflammator processes of the oral cavity and maxillofacial region. Results: In combined pathology, there is a clos functional relationship between the affected organs. The monitoring showed that inflammatory proce in the oral cavity aggravate the course of hepatitis a serve as an important addition to the characteristi of its general picture. Conclusions: Patients wi hepatitis require treatment of the underlying disea as well as constant monitoring of the state of the о cavity.
Relevance of the topic: the use of antibiotics after surgery in the treatment of periodontal disease is aimed at eliminating the pathogenic microflora of the periodontium, oral cavity and restoring the normal microbiota, which is inherent in healthy periodontal tissues. We know that periodontal diseases are caused by periodontal pathogens: Porphyromonas gingivalis. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcommitans ,Bacteroides forsithus, Threponema denticola , Prevotella intermedia, Actinomices viscosus. Numerous studies suggest that the role of polymicrobial synergy in the development of dental diseases. When prescribing antibacterial drugs, the doctor should remember that most microorganisms of the oral cavity are combined into a microbial biofilm. Microorganisms of the oral cavity form a microbial biofilm on the surface of the teeth – a special form of organization of microorganisms, which is surrounded by a protective matrix – a complex of glycosaminoglycans and proteins. It is this protective matrix that does not allow antibacterial drugs from saliva or gingival fluid to penetrate inside the biofilm. Therefore, microorganisms in the biofilm are more resistant to antibiotics, antimicrobials and other active agents. The most effective choice for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory processes of the oral cavity should be based on the results of modern scientific research, proving the clinical and microbiological efficacy and safety of any drugs.
The oral cavity plays an important role in perceiving the environment, and its condition is an informative indicator that reflects changes in the state of the human body that is affected by environmental factors. Epoxy resins were first used in commercial trade in 1946 and today are used in various sectors of the national economy, including shipbuilding, chemical, automotive, road, construction, aviation, furniture, agriculture and household industries. [2, 3].
The study of dental disease in individuals exposed to harmful industrial chemicals shows that in many cases a general trend in the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity is observed. Dental caries and its complications, inflammatory diseases, as well as periodontal injury have an etiological connection with the violation of the oral microbiocenosis. The constant exposure of chemical compounds to the oral mucosa at low concentrations in the air can contribute to changes in saliva composition, microbiocenosis structure, which ultimately leads to a secondary deterioration of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity.
The conditions determining the high prevalence and intensity of major dental diseases against the background of impaired immunological reactivity of organs and tissues of the oral cavity include climatogeographic and social living conditions, the general condition of the body and one of the most common etiological causes threatening both the general health and the oral cavity of the population, - tobacco includes changes in regulatory indicators of immune status caused by smoking Tobacco smoking is an incalculable burden for health authorities and governments in many countries as a socio-economic problem associated with early mortality from smoking-related diseases, disability and economic losses due to absence from the workplace.
The monograph comprehensively examines the use of "soft power" as the most important tool of the foreign policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan at the present stage. The approaches of various political schools to the categories of "power" and "soft power" in foreign policy and international relations are analyzed, the latest approaches to assessing the resources of "soft power" and its conversion into influence are considered, an assessment is made of current trends in international and regional politics, and a classification of instruments is proposed. and mechanisms of "soft power" through the prism of the national interests of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The author's approach to the problems of the genesis of the "soft power" of the Republic of Uzbekistan from the beginning of its independence is outlined. The issues of formation and use of the potential and resources of the “soft power” of the country are analyzed in detail. Particular attention is paid to the dialectical relationship between the strengthening of national identity and the development of "soft power", as well as factors that contribute to and hinder the implementation of this concept in the foreign policy of Uzbekistan. The experience of ten leading states of the world and countries of the Central Asian region on the use of "soft power" in the implementation of foreign policy and foreign economic strategies is analyzed. A conceptual model for the implementation of the "soft power" policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan is presented. The monograph is intended for undergraduates, doctoral students, teachers and researchers, as well as undergraduate students in the direction of "International Relations and Political Science".