Neutral lipids of oat fruits (Avena sativa L.) were studied varieties "Tashkent 1", harvested in the Samarkand region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study of the component composition of neutral oat lipids by TLC showed that they consist mainly of triacylglycerides and free FA, which were accompanied by hydrocarbons, phytosterols, triterpenoids, and Tocopherols. The study of the effect of heat and salt stress on the growth of wheat seedlings during pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds with unsaponifiable substances of oat grain lipids showed that unsaponifiable substances of the studied object's lipids at a concentration of 0.0001% have a protective activity.
The goal of the research was to study the infringements of metabolizmes catecholami- nines and processes of peroxide oxidation of lipids (POL) at the patients with familial hypercholesterinemia. The subjects of the
study were 92 patients with familial hypercholesterinemia and 15 practically healthy individuals. The study condition sympaticadrenal system (SAS) (increase excretions of catecholaminines: adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA).dopamine (DA), DOPA), total cholesterol, cholesterol of low - density lipoproteins cholesterol of high - density lipoproteins, triglycerides, processes of peroxide oxidation of lipids and monoamoxydasa in plasma of blood . The study revealed that abnormalities activity of SAS
patients with familial hypercholesterinemia. low activity monoamoxydasa in plasma of blood and significantly higher level of POL, it was verified by increased level of malonic dialdehyde - final substance of peroxidation
The aim of the given work was study interactions of impairments sympa-thetic – adrenal systems functional condition and processes of peroxidal oxida-tion of lipids in woman with metabolic syndrome. 107women at the age of 25-49 were observation. They were randomized into 3 groups: I (control) – 15 healthy persons, II – 43 patients with arterial hypertension, III – 49 women with arterial hypertension in combination with metabolic syndrome. The results of carried investigations showed that activation of sympathetic adrenal system and processes of peroxidal oxidation of lipids took place in metabolic syn-drome. Marked lowering of sympathetic – adrenal system key ferment catechol-amins (MAO monoaminooxidaze) desamidization activity and considerable ac-tivation of peroxidal oxidation of lipid products which have great significance in revealing the mechanism of metabolic syndrome development were observed in metabolic syndrome. This results in the prolonged toxic influence of catechola-mins on myocardium.
Aim of the research was the study activity of sympaticoadrenal system (SAS) at elderly patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and combinant subclinical hypothyrosis (SH) the level of daily excretion of cateholamines (CA) and activity of mo- noaminoxyase (MAO) in combination with determine activity processes of peroxide oxidation of lipids (POL). Results of examination of 28 patients with IHD and 14 patients with IHD in combination with SH were analyzed. Patients with IHD in combination with SH had the decrease of activity of SAS, which manifested by decrease excretion of CA. The maximum decrease of activity of MAO in patients with IHD and concomitant SH was detected. Also processes of POL were augmented, it was verified by increased
level of malonic dialdehyde - final substance of peroxidation. On the base of received results, it could be supposed, that decrease activities of SAS and POL are interrelated inpatient with combined pathology
An increased tendency towards high morbidity of liver diseases requires a detailed study of the pathogenesis of the liver and the search for effective hepatoprotectors that can eliminate pathobiochemical changes in hepatocytes: increased lipid peroxidation against the background of a decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes and a violation of the lipid composition of membranes.
Liver pathology leads to a violation of lipid metabolism, because it plays a leading role in this metabolism. The synthesis of bile is disrupted, hydrolytic enzymes are activated, the synthesis of phospholipids decreases, the digestion of lipids in the gastrointestinal tract and the absorption of fat breakdown products, as well as fat-soluble vitamins, including the antioxidant vitamin E are disrupted.
For almost a century, many have considered lipids as the sine qua non of atherosclerosis. However, in 1856 Rudolf Virchow introduced a theory that inflammation is the driving force of atherogenesis. Recruitment of blood leukocytes to the injured vascular endothelium characterizes the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and involves many inflammatory mediators, modulated by cells of both innate and adaptive immunity. The pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon (IFN)-γ derived from T cells, is vital for both innate and adaptive immunity and is also expressed at high levels in atherosclerotic lesions. As such, IFN-γ plays a crucial role in the pathology of atherosclerosis through activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT1.Our study indeed provides evidence that in HMECs STAT1 coordinates a platform for cross-talk between IFNγ and TLR4, and identifies a STAT1-dependent gene signature that reflects a pro-atherogenic state in coronary artery disease (CAD) and carotid atherosclerosis. Taken together, our data indicate that in the presence of appropriate stimuli, HMECs are highly responsive and consistently express Cxcl9. HMECs may therefore provide a better model for in vitro studies of atherosclerosis.
Subjects of the research: 1066 patients with peritonitis.
Purpose of the research: improvement of the results of treatment of the patients with peritonitis by determination of the prognostic significance of clinical-metabolic parameters in the estimation of severity of patients condition, flow and outcome of the disease.
Methods used in the research: clinical, microbiological, biochemical methods of investigation, mathematical statistics and mathematical modeling.
Results obtained and their novelty
1. The prognostic significance of clinical-anamnestic, microbiological, laboratorial- instrumental and metabolic data has been determined on the basis of the correlational interrelation between metabolic parameters and bacterial contamination in patients with peritonitis
2. When the actions of NIDE (UIDI) RC and GI are studied in clinical conditions it is shown, that their combined application during the operation and postoperative periods considerably decreases the culture growth in peritoneal exudates and improves metabolic parameters.
3. On the basis of the method of mathematical modeling, programs arc proposed to estimate the severity of patient s condition and predictability of flow, the outcome of disease in the patients with peritonitis.
Practical significance
1. The special features of the disturbance of metabolic parameters dependent on the bacterial contamination have been established, which makes it possible to reveal the patients with high risk of development of complications.
2. It is proven that the application of the infra-R emitters in combination with the traditional treatment in patients peritonitis contributes to more favorable flow of the disease and to reduction of postoperative complications and lethality.
3. Two programs have been created with the methods of mathematical modeling which allow: 1) To estimate severity of the patients condition on the basis of clinical-anamnestic, laboratorial- instrumental, metabolic and microbiological data;
2) To predict the complications of the disease; 3) To predict the healing of the postoperative wound; 4) To identify the indications for NIDE (UIDI) applications.
Level of induction: method of application of narrow-spectrum infrared distant emitters in peritonitis is used in surgical department of the Clinical Hospital of Emergencies and Casualties, Г' Municipal Clinic Hospital and in Central Military Clinical Hospital named after P.F. Borovskiy.
Region application: Surgery.
Бутун дунѐда долзарб муаммоларидан бири бу нотўғри овқатланиш хисобланади. Соғлиқни сақлаш ташкилотларининг статистик маълумотларига кўра бугунги кунда нотўғри овқатланиш натижасида юзага келаѐтган касалликлар оқибатида ўлимга сабаб бўлмоқда. Нотўғри овқатланиш инсон саломатлигига салбий таъсир кўрсатадиган асосий омиллардан бири бўлиб, у турли хил касалликлар қандли диабет, гипертония, атеросклероз, юрак касалликлари (стенокардия, атеросклероз) ўсма касалликлари ва бошқалар келиб чиқишида муҳим ўрин тутади.
Одной из актуальных проблем современного здравоохранения является антенатальная профилактика, с целью снижения перинатальной заболеваемости и смертности. Проблема маловодия имеет важное значение и отрицательно влияет на исход беременности, диагностика и своевременная терапия которой снижает осложнения течения и исхода беременности, и родов. Причины маловодия в ряде случаев остаются необъяснимыми и свидетельствуют об актуальности данной проблемы.
Atherosclerosis, the morphological correlates of vascular disease, is characterized by early endonthelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation together with build-up of lipids, cholesterol, calcium and cellular debris within the intima of the vessel wall. This build-up leads to the formation of advanced atherosclerotic plaque (Hans A.R.Bluyssen,et al., 2012). Despite the fact that better treatments have relieved the number of deaths from atherosclerosis-related diseases, and have improved the quality of life for people who have these diseases, atherosclerosis remains the underlying cause of about 50% of all death in westernized society.
The study of pathogenetic predictors of the development of anxiety-depressive disorders in myocardial infarction will make it possible to develop ways of their correction, thereby reducing the frequency of complications of the postinfarction period. Clinical studies were based on the examination of 58 patients with MI (mean age 59.2 ± 4.7 years) who were admitted to the cardiological hospital for treatment, and the observation data for them at the stage of rehabilitation. On the basis of the presence of anxiety-depressive symptoms, the patients were divided into 2 groups. The first control group consisted of 14 patients with MI without depressive disorders. The second group included 44 age-matched patients who underwent MI with symptoms of anxiety and depression without comorbid cardiovascular pathology. The diagnosis of myocardial infarction was based on the results of clinical examination, ECG changes, laboratory parameters, and echocardiographic data. In order to assess the mental status of the subjects, subjective methods were used: the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) for patients in a somatic hospital and recommended for use in patients with post-infarction period. Markers of endothelial dysfunction in blood plasma were determined by enzyme immunoassay using appropriate test systems. Since fibrinogen is one of the key factors in the blood coagulation process, disorders of which with a tendency to thrombotic changes are one of the central links in the pathogenesis of MI, the level of oxidized fibrinogen with parameters of the functional state of endothelial cells was studied. In the early stages after myocardial infarction, the level of oxidized fibrinogen was 1.7 times higher in the study group compared to the control, although, in general, the level of fibrinogen in the study group was within normal values. In the subsequent periods of the study, the level of oxidized fibrinogen was in high values and, on average, exceeded the control values by 1.64 times. Since one of the key roles in the development of dysfunction and endothelial destruction is assigned to the factors of oxidative stress, a correlation analysis of the relationship between the oxidative modification of fibrinogen and the parameters of endothelial function was carried out. A direct correlation was shown between the level of oxidized fibrinogen and the level of Endothelin-1 (r = 0.78, p <0.01), and a direct correlation with the level of von Willebrand factor (r = 0.365, p <0.01). Linear regression analysis confirmed the associations of oxidized fibrinogen with the indicated parameters of endothelial dysfunction. Based on the results obtained, it can be emphasized that with MI, in patients with developed DS, along with increased oxidative changes in lipids and plasma proteins, there is also a significant oxidative modification of fibrinogen, which does not depend on the concentration of fibrinogen. Oxidized fibrinogen potentiates potentially prothrombogenic changes in the vascular-platelet link of hemostasis, in particular, the acceleration of leukocyte-platelet aggregation. The revealed signs of thrombotic and hypercoagulant hemostasis disorders in patients with MI with depressive disorders, such as signs of endothelial dysfunction, elevated von Willebrand factor levels, are associated with oxidative changes in plasma fibrinogen in patients with MI with the development of DS, have a high diagnostic value.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic lesion of the arteries caused by the growth of multiple dense nodular thickenings of the walls of the artery (plaques), narrowing its lumen and contributing to the formation of a blood clot - a thrombus, which can clog the vessel. Atherosclerosis develops as a result of complex structural changes that occur in the intima (inner layer) and in the media (muscle layer) of the arteries, and it is associated with the accumulation of lipids and mucopolysaccharides in the blood vessels, the growth of connective tissue and the deposition of calcium. Cardiovascular pathology, and this is ischemic heart and brain disease, occlusive diseases of peripheral arteries, is the most common cause of morbidity, mortality and disability in the population of industrialized countries. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, in the structure of total mortality in Russia, cardiovascular diseases account for 57%. Most of these cases are associated with diseases caused by atherosclerosis [3]. The development of atherosclerotic lesions of the vascular wall is a complex multi-stage process. It has now been established that even before endothelial damage, blood components begin to interact with the endothelial surface. In particular, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and their active component apolipoproteins are able to penetrate into the subendothelial space and, being oxidized, affect endothelial cells. In this regard, the initial stage of atherosclerosis is characterized as a response to the retention of atherogenic particles [2]. The main risk factors that play a significant role in endothelial damage are smoking, arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. It has been shown that with an increase in cholesterol levels of more than 8.5 mmol/l, the risk of fatal cardiovascular complications increases by 4 times, when combined with arterial hypertension by 9 times, with smoking, the presence of hypercholesterolemia and arterial hypertension by 16 times [1]. The problem of primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke is not only medical, but also of great social importance, since patients who have had it become disabled in more than 80% of cases and often need outside help. Statins are considered highly effective drugs with the greatest evidence in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease.
Высокая распространенность остеоартроза объясняет частую встречаемость сопутствующих заболеваний у этих больных. По статистике у больных ОА чаще всего встречаются ожирение. Развитие сопутствующей патологии приводит к значительному повышению риска сосудистых катастроф и ухудшению жизненного прогноза у больных.
Ushbu tezis lipidlarning turlari, sinflarga bo`linishi va organizmdagi ahamiyati to`g`risida. Lipidlar biologik membranalarning asosiy komponentlaridan biri hisoblanib, bir qator jarayonlarda qatnashadi.