Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease that can develop at any age - in early childhood, in adolescence and in adults, throughout life, leading to enamel demineralization with the formation of a carious cavity. According to the WHO, caries remains a significant problem in most of the developed world, affecting 60 to 90% of children and the vast majority of adults. The main method of detecting caries is a thorough visual examination using a dental probe and mirror. Additional methods include vital staining, radiography, electroodontodiagnostics (EOD), etc.In children in permanent teeth, carious defects are often formed against the background of focal demineralization of teeth. The traditional treatment of caries involves the complete removal of enamel with signs of demineralization. This approach to treatment led to a significant loss of hard tissues and weakening of the supporting structures of the teeth.
The quality and chemical composition of food products have a huge impact on human health, in particular on oral health. This article compares the condition of the hard tissues of the teeth, the level of hygiene and the health of the gums in children with different nutrition systems. The study involved 98 children aged 6-12 years, who were divided into two groups depending on the principles of nutrition in their families. The level of oral health was assessed by the following indices: the intensity of caries, the Fedorov-Volodkina hygiene index and the PMA index.As a result of our research, we came to the conclusion that the level of hygiene, enamel caries resistance and gum condition in children from families whose parents adhere to the principles of proper nutrition is much better.
Among the production of harmful industry all over the world, including in our repub-lic, tobacco production occupies a significant place. In Uzbekistan, tobacco cultivation is car-ried out by workers of the Urgut district of the Samarkand region, which accounts for a large share in agriculture and brings significant economic profit.
The available literature does not cover the issue of the effect of tobacco dust and pes-ticides in combination with uncomfortable microclimatic conditions on the organs and tissues of the oral cavity of tobacco growers.
Some aspects of the mechanism of development of pathological changes in the oral cavity of tobacco growers are not specified in the conditions of Uzbekistan, and accordingly there is no data on adequate methods of their prevention and treatment [1,3]. In this regard, there is a need to study the features of the clinic and the course of the main dental diseases in tobacco growers in order to develop a set of organizational, sanitary, hygienic and therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at improving the quality of the production environment, pre-venting the development and reducing the frequency of dental morbidity among tobacco growers.
Dental caries in children is a more serious health problem due to the high prevalence of the disease and the low efficiency of the treatment and prevention measures. At the same time, the trends in the formation and development of dental morbidity in the child population under conditions of an increased anthropotechnogenic load of the urban environment, as well as the planning and implementation of comprehensive programs for the prevention of dental diseases,adequate to the degree of stress in the sanitary and hygienic situation and environmental problems require further clarification. Improvement of preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures based on the study of monitoring dental morbidity, aimed at reducing the prevalence and intensity of caries in children, determines the relevance of the problem chosen for the study, the solution of which is of extremely important scientific and practical importance.