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LINGUACULTURAL ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH
AND UZBEK SOMATIC IDIOMS
Sardor YULDASHEV
Department of Foreign filology, Student
Gulnigor MAVLANOVA
Termez state university Department of
Foreign filology, Teacher
Annotation.
This article studies the analysis of the similar versions of the idioms
expressed by human div parts in the English language, which are actively used in
conversation today, and the considerations aimed at their classification, and their
replacement with the Uzbek alternative. In the article, the idioms given in both
languages are used in sentences and their meaning is analyzed.
Key words:
idiom, somatic idioms, speech, complex idioms, literary idioms,
analysing.
Annotatsiya.
Ushbu maqolada bugungi kunda so'zlashuvda faol ishlatilayotgan
ingliz tilidagi inson tana a'zolari bilan ifodalanadigan idiomalarning ingliz va o
‘zbek tilidagi o ‘xshash variantlarining tahlili va ularning tasnifiga qaratilgan
mulohazalar, ularning o'zbekcha muqobiliga almashtirish o'rganilgan. Maqolada
har ikki tillarda berilgan idiomalar gaplarda ham qo ‘llanilib ma'nosi tahlil qilingan.
Tayanch so’zlar:
ibora, somatic iboralar, nutq, murakkab iboralar, rasmiy
idiomalar, tahlil.
Nowadays idioms are very widely used in written and mostly spoken English.
An idiom is a phrase that meaning can not be understood from the literal meanings
of the words that make it up. Idioms are often used in everyday speech and writing
to add colour or emphasis. They can also be used to communicate a complex idea
with just a few words. There are several resources and studies on English idioms.
You can find “English idioms in the USA” by Michael McCarthy and Felicity O'Dell,
“More American English idioms” by Jackie Bolen, and many other resources. Below
we will analyse the idioms which are used with parts of human div, their
appropriate meanings in Uzbek language and suitable situations for using them.
It is common that to come across idioms in spoken or written conversation.
Idioms help improve your speaking skills because it shows native speakers that you
understand the cultural meaning and context of the idiom you're using. This will help
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you feel more comfortable and confident with your conversational skills the more
you practice in English courses.
Instead of starting the conversation with the most complicated idiom - even a
simple “break a leg” (omad tilayman!) will help you connect more meaningfully
during the conversation you're sharing.
Native speakers often use expressions more than newcomers to the language
because they are more familiar with them and know the context in which they should
be used. Therefore, when you use an idiom, you sound more like a native speaker.
Idioms, in this sense, are spices that you can add to your English skills while taking
English courses. Trying to understand the basics in English is a good start, but idioms
can help you learn the language more deeply and meaningfully.
If idioms are directly translated from one language to another, it may create very
awkward or funny situations, so running eyes over the following several English
idioms with their corresponding Uzbek translation versions and use them in
sentences.
•
In one ear and out the other
=
o ’ng qulog ’idan kirib chap qulog ’idan chiqib
ketmoq:
If something goes in one ear and out the other, you hear it but you quickly forget
it. Example:
Atham never listens to his teacher’s explanation. It goes in one ear and
out the other.
•
On the tip of my tongue
=
tilini uchida turmoq lekin eslayolmaslik.
To be almost able to remember or expressed. Example:
His name was on the tip
of my tongue, but I needed to ask him.
•
Eye for an eye or tooth for a tooth
=
jonga jon, qonga qon.
These two versions of idioms are the same, so it doesn’t make a difference
which one is used in the context. However, the translation of them in Uzbek differs
from English with which part of the div is used in it. That means that: Iboraning
“Jonga jon” qismi qo‘llanish o’rniga ko’ra ijobiy ma’noni bildirishi ham mumkin.
Ya’ni agarda kimdir boshqa bir inson uchun jon berishga tayyor ekanini bildirsa,
“qonga qon” qismi esa qasos olish yoki unga yetkazilgan zarari uchun huddi shunday
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qilib o‘sha zarar yetkazgan kishiga javob qaytarish ma’nosini bildirib salbiy holatni
ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi. Bundan tashqari ingliz tilida ko‘z va tishdan foydalanilsa
o‘zbek tilida esa qon va jon so‘zlari ishtirok etadi. But in English both of idioms have
only negative meanings. The idea that a person who causes another person to suffer
and suffer in a equal amount. Example:
I dont believe in that kind of eye for an eye
justice.
•
Run eyes over = ko’zyugurtirib chiqmoq:
•
To read or look at (something) quickly. Example:
Please run your eyes over
this report.
•
have eyes in the back of one's head = orqasida ham ko ’zi bo ’lmoq (atrofidagi
vaziyatni tushunish):
To know what is going on around even when others cannot see it. Example:
You
need to have eyes in the back of your head to cope with a two-year-old.
•
Get something out of head = hayolidan chiqarib tashlamoq:
To make an effort to forget or stop thinking about someone or something.
Example:
I cant get you out of my head. I am still thinking about you.
•
Have a finger in every pie
=
keraksiz joyga burnini suqmoq (aralashmoq):
If you say that someone has a finger in every pie, you mean they are involved
in a lot of things or to be involved in something, often when your involvement is not
wanted. Example:
He very much likes to have a finger in every pie. Ushbu Iboraning
o‘zbek tilidagi o‘xshash ko‘rinishida barmoq o‘rniga burun so’zi foydalaniladi va bu
bir farqli jihati. Masalan: Hafiza, sen bunga burningni suqma bu seni ishing emas.
•
To touch a hair of somediv’s head = bir tola sochiga ham ozor bermaslik:
To not hurt somediv physically in any way. Example:
If someone touches a
hair of her head I never forgive myself.
•
To cut off nose to spite face = birovga chog’ qazguncha o ’zinga umir tila:
If you say that someone is cutting off their nose to spite their face, you mean
they do something that they think will hurt someone, without realizing or caring that
it will hurt themselves as well. Example:
The manager really cut off his nose to spite
his face when he fired his best worker simply because the employee had another job.
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•
To keep your nose clean = nojo ’ya ish qilmaslik:
To not do wrong or illegal things. Example: Since leaving prison, he’s managed
to keep his nose clean.
•
keep sb at arm's length = masofani saqlamoq, o ’zidan uzoq tutmoq, o
‘rningni yoki haddingni bil:
If you keep someone at arm's length, you avoid becoming too friendly or
involved with them. Example:
She had always kept his family at arm's length.
•
To make someone’s mouth water = so ’lagini oqizmoq, havasini keltirmoq.
If the smell or sight of food makes your mouth water, it makes you want to eat
it: Example:
The smell of that bacon cooking is making my mouth water.
•
Get a foot in the door = ishga joylashmoq.
To make the first step toward a goal by gaining entry into an organization, a
career, etc. Example:
He took a job as a secretary to get his foot in the door.
•
Eyes are bigger than the stomach = och ko ’z, ko ’zi to ’ymas.
An expression used when somediv wants more food than he or she can eat,
or when someone takes more food than he or she could possibly finish. Example:
Anvar’s eyes are bigger than his stomach. Because he always wants to eat more food
than he can.
• Have your back to the wall = boshi devorga borib urilmoq, qiyin ahvolda
qolmoq:
To have very serious problems that limit the ways in which you can act
.
Example:
Alisher owes money to everyone. So he really has his back to the wall now.
In addition to the idioms given above, we can find many more unusual types in
spoken speech, but some of these expressions have a limited scope of use because
they are informal. Only formal expressions can be used in any context when they are
appropriate for the situation.
In conclusion, it is apparent that the various idioms play an important role in
providing visual dyeing, emphasis enhancement, and expressiveness. Idioms are
really practical because they can give speakers a new creative method to express
theirselves. Instead of saying, "You're right," it is better to use the idiom "You hit the
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nail on the head," which is more complex and fascinating. So it is very advisable to
use the desired idiom in speech if it is possible.
References
1.
English-Corpora: COCA (huge collection of words with different versions
on the online website).
2.
“English idioms in the USA” by Michael McCarthy and Felicity O'Dell third
edition in 2002-2007.
3.
“English phrases in the USA” by Michael McCarthy and Felicity O'Dell in
2019.
4.
Тешабаева, Дилфуза Муминовна. "ҲАРБИЙЛАШГАН ТАЪЛИМ
КУРСАНТЛАРИГА
ХОРИЖИЙ
ТИЛЛАРНИ
ЎҚИТИШДА
КОММУНИКАТИВ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЯНИ ШАКЛЛАНТИРИШДА АКТНИНГ
ЎРНИ." Journal of Universal Science Research 1.4 (2023): 235-242.
5.
Дадабаева, Хаётхон, and Дилфуза Тешабаева. "Роль акта в
формировании коммуникативной компетентности при обучении иностранным
языкам курсантов военного образования." in Library 3.3 (2023): 235-242.
6.
QIZI, VALIYEVA NARGIZAXON ZAMIR. "Linguocultural aspect of
teaching foreign languages as an integral part of the educational process." Til va
adabiyot ta'limi (2023).
7.
Wisdom dictionary app (English-Uzbek dictionary and translator).
Used links
1.
https://www.ascenglish.com/blog/2019/05/understanding-the-importance-
of-idioms-in-english-language-
learning/#:~:text=Understanding%20Idioms%20Can%20Boost%20Your,the%20id
iom%20you're%20using
.
2.
https://www.amazon.com/Great-Book-American-Idioms-
Expressions/dp/169965431X
3.
http://onelink.to/wisdomdictionary
4.
https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/
