СМИ. Язык и культура. Перевод.

Even though researchers cannot agree on basic definitions, materiality in one way or another frequently serves as the foundation for many theorists' analytical process of separating language from media. The materiality of the medium itself—aspects like participant structure, remediation, and entextualization—is the main topic of this chapter. By focusing on materiality, one can start to examine some facets of entextualization as a process where a text's ability to be both integrated into and removed from its surroundings depends on its capacity as a material form. The primary analytical contradiction in this chapter is between co-presence and mediated communication. It covers the analyses that arise when one views mediated communication as the antithesis of immediacy. It also emphasizes how materiality has the power to change the definition of a mediator and how humans and non-humans could be framed in novel ways when it comes to mediating communication.

In this article, we aim to investigate to recognize about the function of vocabulary in the development identity and nationalism. The foundation of all language is vocabulary, which makes it crucial. It is fundamental building component that allows us to communicate our thoughts and ideas, share knowledge, comprehend others, and develop close personal bonds.

This article studies the analysis of the similar versions of the idioms expressed by human body parts in the English language, which are actively used in conversation today, and the considerations aimed at their classification, and their replacement with the Uzbek alternative. In the article, the idioms given in both languages are used in sentences and their meaning is analyzed.

The demand for teaching and learning a foreign language is increasing year by year in our country. Language teaching is carried out by qualified teachers not only in higher educational institutions, but also in preschool education, schools, colleges and vocational schools. At the same time, research is being conducted to improve the skills of speaking in foreign languages more perfectly and fluently. In this regard, the semantic appearance of words, especially synonyms, is very important in conversation. Through synonyms, ideas are expressed more meaningfully and beautifully. This article also discusses the use of synonyms in the field of translation.

This empirical study delves into a comparative analysis of phraseological units imbued with a human component across the English, Russian, and Uzbek languages, specifically focusing on the utilization of metaphor. Investigating these linguistic constructs offers a nuanced exploration of the metaphorical dimensions underlying expressions associated with human attributes in diverse cultural and linguistic contexts. Through a systematic examination of carefully selected corpora in each language, this research uncovers the metaphorical frameworks employed in these phraseological units, unveiling their cultural connotations and cognitive implications. The findings contribute to the broader understanding of metaphorical usage in language and illuminate the intricate interplay between metaphor, culture, and cognition within the domain of human-centric phraseology.

В статье рассматриваются определения СМИ как инструмент не только коммуникативной, но и общественно культурной жизни любого современного общества. Представлены определения учёных, которые занимались изучением функционирования языка в средствах массовой информации. В этой связи рассматриваются теоретические основы и общественные предпосылки возникновения, роль СМИ, определение СМИ, конкретные функции как базовой категории медиалингвистики, а также описываются виды текстов массовой информации.

В данной статье рассматриваются основные направления в изучении языка СМИ (собственно лингвистический, риторический, герменевтический, психолингвистический, лингвопрагматический, социологический, юридический и культурологический аспекты). Особое внимание уделяется семиотическому к когнитивно-дискурсивному подходам к анализу текстов массовой коммуникации. Рассматриваются активные инновационные процессы в сфере конвергенции различных дискурсов в коммуникативно дискурсивные практики масс-медиа, проблеме перевода текстов СМИ, а также текстам политического дискурса.

Maqolada ommaviy axborot vositalari tilining uslubiy xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Ommaviy axborot vositalari tilini o'rganishning asosiy bosqichlari tavsiflanadi, uning xususiyatlari va o'ziga xos xususiyatlari, shuningdek, ommaviy ongga pragmatik e'tibor aniqlanadi. Zamonaviy tilshunoslikning yangi yo'nalishi - medialingvistikaning asosiy tushunchalari sifatida ommaviy axborot vositalari, media-matn, media-diskurs tilini o'rganishga turli xil ilmiy yondashuvlar taqdim etilgan.

Hozirgi kunda axborot almashinuvi yuqori darajaga ko ‘tarilgan bo ‘lib, bu o ‘z navbatida ma ’lumotlarni turli tillarda qabul qilish ehtiyojini paydo qildi. Bunday axborotlar matnlarini o‘rganish, tahlil qilish tilshunoslik fani oldidagi muhim masalaga aylandi. Ushbu maqolada media matnlari- medialingvistikaning o ‘rganish obyekti sifatida tadqiq qilinadi.

Hozirgi vaqtda tilshunoslikning oZiga xosligi tilni bilishning madaniyatlararo tomonlariga e'tibor qaratish kerak. Madaniyat - jamiyat va ijtimoiy guruhning oZiga xos moddiy ma’naviy xususiyatlari toplami sifatida bilishimiz mumkin, o ‘quvchilarning o Z madaniyati sharoitida o‘rganiladi.

Axboriy muhitda zamonaviy media ta ’lim masalalarini hal etish takomillashtirilgan texnika va chuqur bilim. Axborotni ishonchli, aniqliligi, holisligiga ko proq e’tibor berish kerak. Media ta ’lim bilan muloqat madaniyatida media-matnini to‘liq qabul qilish, interpratsiya etish, tahlil qilish chuqurroq o‘rganish kerak va tezkor yetkazish lozim.

Syujetning klassik shakli, asosan dramatik, epik va liro-epik asarlarda uchraydi. Syujet (fransuzcha syujet) - tasvirlanayotgan yoki bayon etilayotgan narsa degan ma’noni anglatadi. Qahramonlarning o’zaro murakkab munosabatlari asar syujetini tashkil qiladi. Qahramonning o’zaro munosabatlari esa voqeada namoyon bo’ladi. Shu ma’noda voqea-hodisalar sistemasi asar syujetining asosini tashkil etadi. Shunday asarlar ham bo’ladiki, ularda voqealar tartibi ko’zga yaqqol tashlanib turadi. Odatda, sarguzasht xarakteridagi asarlar syujetida xuddi shu holat seziladi. Masalan, X.To’xtaboyevning «Sariq devni minib...» romanida syujetning shu turi mavjud. Shunday asar bo’ladiki, ularning syujetda xarakterlar ham shaklan, ham mazmunan birinchi o’rinda turadi. Bunday asarlarda voqealar tizmasi u qadar tashkil qiluvchilik kuchiga ega bo’lmaydi. Asarda voqea-hodisalar xarakterlar mantiqi asosida tartiblashtiriladi. Voqealar tartibi esa tez tez o’zgarib, yangilanib turadi. Ba’zan bir bobdagi voqea keyingi bobda davom etmaydi. Voqeadan mantiqan voqea kelib chiqmaydi. Odatda, avtobiografik asarlar shunday xarakterga ega bo’ladi. Masalan, Oybekning «Bolalik» N.Safarovning «Navro’z» va hakozo.

This research paper explores the the oretical foundations and practical applications of medialinguistics, linguodidactics and intercultural communication, how they contribute to overcoming linguistic and cultural barriers and developing meaningful interactions in today's globalized society aimed at learning.

В эпоху глобализации развитие языков продолжается. Из года в год в мир СМИ врываются термины из разных сфер, новые слова. Благодаря этому особое внимание уделяется нормам литературного языка, орфографической грамотности. Среди них особое место занимает медиаграмотность. В данной статье представлена информация об особенностях и значении медиаграмотности.

This article is devoted to the study and research of the life and creative work of the first Uzbek journalists. The article examines various sources that contain biographical data of the first Uzbek journalists.

The significance of genuine materials — resources made for native speakers and utilized in everyday conversation — in language learning is covered in this section. It offers guidance to language learners on how to select and utilize authentic materials in an efficient manner.

Борьба за определение мировой информационной повестки дня давно стала привычной чертой современных международных отношений. Распространяемые СМИ данные рейтинговых агентств, односторонняя интерпретация национальных экономических показателей часто выступают инструментами внешней политики мировых держав. Мировой медийный рынок по-прежнему не выглядит устойчивым. Какова роль СМИ в современном мире? Выполняют ли медиа сегодня роль посредника между государством и обществом? Превалирует ли бизнес в интересе над необходимостью объективного освещения событий? Способны ли СМИ контролировать достоверность информации? Каково значение профессиональной этики в современной журналистике? Существуют ли сегодня независимые СМИ? Могут ли журналисты быть объектами политических санкций?
Эти вопросы на сегодняшний день актуальны. Нужно успевать реагировать, анализировать эти вопросы.

Sun'iy intellekt turli sohalarda inqilob qildi va kommunikatsiya bundan mustasno emas. Katta hajmdagi ma'lumotlarni tahlil qilish, axborot na’munalarini tahlil qilish orqali va odamlarga o'xshash o'zaro ta'sirlarni taqlid qilish qobiliyati bilan sun’iy intellekt aloqa jarayonlarini yaxshilashda ajralmas vositaga aylandi. Ushbu maqolada biz sun'iy intellektning turli domenlar bo'ylab kommunikatsiyani o'zgartirish va yaxshilashdagi muhim rolini ko'rib chiqamiz.

Ushbu maqola media sanoatida texnologiyalarning paydo bo ‘lishi ma’lum ma’noda konsentratsiyalashuv jarayonida kommunikatsiya sohasida ham, jurnalistika sohasida ham sun ’iy intellektdan foydalanilishi haqida so’z boradi.

Бугун дунёда 200 дан opTHK; давлатлар мавжуд. Улар турлича талқиндаги катта, дoнop, pивoжлaнaётгaн, pивoжлaниши ўртача, ва халқ таъбири айтганда “учинчи дунё” мамлакатлари ёки aҳoлисининг кўпчилик қисми o4-нoчopлapни ташкил этадиган, иктитодий жиҳатдан анча opқaдa бўлган ‘T^o^’ мамлакатлар билан гтобаллашув асри деб аталмиш шиддатли зaмoндa яшaмoқдaмиз. Ушбу асрда фан ва техниканинг pивoжлaниб бopиши биз ўйлагандан-да тезpoқ эканлигини ҳис этмoқдaмиз.

В последнее время профессия SMM-менеджера стала популярной и востребованной. Разберемся, чем занимается SMM-специалист.
Вместе с появлением социальных сетей, появилась новая профессия SMM-менеджер. Сейчас она настолько популярна и востребована, что её пытаются осваивать даже сами предприниматели. А всё началось с того, что социальные сети сделали большой вклад в популяризацию интернета. Те пользователи, которые до последнего проявляли стойкость и не видели для себя пользы в сети, охотно втянулись как только появилась возможность строить свои персональные сообщества из друзей и знакомых. А там, где есть большая аудитория людей, там обязательно появляется бизнес, который стремится вербовать себе покупателей.

This article explores the role and importance of e-textbooks in improving the quality of education. It also recommended the shortcomings and problems that we currently facing and necessary actions to be taken.

Bugungi globallashuv jarayonida dunyo miqyosida turli millatlar va xalqlar madaniyatining jadal sur'atlarda o'zaro yaqinlashuvi jarayoni sodir bo'lmoqda.Axborot esa bu yerda muhim madaniy muloqot vositasi vazifasini bajarmoqda. Natijada, bir mintaqadagi ijobiy va salbiy hodisa dunyoning boshqa bir mintaqasiga shiddatli ravishda tarqalib,o'z ta'sirini o'tkazishga harakat qilib kelmoqda. Axborot sohasidagi globallashuv va jahonda yetakchilik uchun kurash maydonining markaziga aylandi.

Ҳозирги кунда ахборот ва глобал ахборотлаштириш жамият тараққиётининг энг муҳим омилларидандир. Тўзридан-тўзри оззаки мулоқот сўзловичилар ва тингловчилар ўртасидаги ўзаро таъсирнинг кўплаб турларини ўз ичига олади. Юзма-юз мулоқотнинг ижобий хусусиятлари, масалан, саволлар, қизиқиш уйзотиш, илгари сурилган ва қарши кўрсатмалар шаклида эришиладиган синхрон ва мулоқотнинг интерактивлигини, огзаки мулоқотнинг муваффақияти иштирокчиларнинг сонига боглиқлигини ушбу мақолада ёритиб берилади.

Данная статья посвящена раскрытию таких понятий как медиа, современные тенденции в сферах технологии, СМИ, их взаимосвязь в современном мире, а также некоторые положительные и отрицательные факторы, влияющие на жизнь человека.

The abstract discusses various techniques for teaching vocabulary to adults. It underlines the significance of vocabulary acquisition in adult language learning and examines different approaches for improving vocabulary learning results. Adult language learning relies heavily on vocabulary acquisition as it leads to enhanced communication and overall language skills. However, adults may encounter challenges when learning new words due to their busy schedules, cognitive abilities, or prior language learning experiences. Therefore, employing effective methods to acquire and retain new vocabulary is crucial. One commonly used method involves using context and contextual hints. By learning new vocabulary in sentences or texts that have meaning, adults can comprehend and remember the meaning of unfamiliar words based on their surrounding context. Strategies such as extensive reading, watching movies or TV shows, and engaging in genuine conversations can provide diverse and rich contexts for learning vocabulary.

Данная научная статья посвящена особенностям языковых стратегий, используемых в пропаганде и пиаре, и их воздействию на формирование общественного мнения. Исследование охватывает спектр лингвистических аспектов, включая семантику, выбор лексики и стилистические приемы, применяемые в текстах пропагандистских и пиар материалов. Автор рассматривает влияние языка на формирование эмоционального окраса сообщений, а также выявляет специфические языковые стратегии, направленные на манипуляцию восприятием целевой аудитории.

The article covers the difficulties and important elements of translating contemporary English slang into Russian and Uzbek. It focuses on the challenges that come with translating informal language expressions—often found in English slang—into two different target languages while preserving their subtleties and cultural meanings.

In this contemporary world, we are now experiencing a globalization era. Globalization is a relatively new phenomenon of multi-dimensional nature that puts variety of complex trends in the economic, social and cultural fabrics of all societies. These trends have presented alarming challenges which throw people into perplexing situation. Globalization impacts on all conceivable aspects of life.

To give speech more expressiveness and emotional coloring, various language techniques can be used. Most often such techniques include emphatic constructions. This article aims to investigate to recognize what emphatic constructions are, their role in spoken language and how they are being utilized in translation.

Any proposal for a modern translation teaching method needs to be considered within the overall teacher training process. And this paper considers methods of teaching translation features in modern way as a mean of cross- cultural communication.

Phraseological combinations that are based on American English. The majority of English phraseological combinations' creators are still a mystery to science. This issue stands out in particular in articles that are thought to be a form of stable combination. In all languages, but notably in English, phraseological combinations are a form of folk art that express the culture's linguistic sophistication and wisdom. The traditions, habits, and beliefs of the English people, as well as historical truths and facts about English history that we are aware of and are not aware of, are reflected in several phraseological units. Many phraseological structures have their origins in business communication. Changes in the meanings of words that are related to one another are the primary source of phraseological combinations. Many English expressions have their origins in literary and artistic works. In terms of the amount of phraseological combinations used in English, the Bible comes in first place after literary sources, while Shakespearean phraseology comes in second. Phraseology may also be found in literary works, children's poetry, fairy tales, and caricatures. Phraseological fusions, phraseological units, and phraseological collocations or combinations are the three categories into which V.V. Vinogradov divides phraseology. Components of phraseological fusion are phraseologies that are unrelated to the meaning of the entire phrase. Words with a certain valence compose phraseological units.

The article discusses issues of modern intercultural communication. The authors focus on the changes that have occurred in intercultural communication under the influence of ICT, in the process of virtualization of human interaction.

Effective cross-cultural communication plays a pivotal role in our increasingly globalized world, and translation is a key tool in facilitating this communication. This paper explores the linguistic and cultural aspects of translation,  emphasizing the importance of developing translation skills to bridge the gap between diverse languages and cultures. We delve into the complexities of translation, highlighting the challenges and nuances involved in rendering meaning accurately from one language to another. Key concepts such as cultural sensitivity, linguistic equivalence, and adaptation are discussed to demonstrate the intricate interplay between language and culture in the translation process. To aid in developing effective translation skills, this paper offers practical strategies and tips for translators, with an emphasis on the importance of context, cultural awareness, and creativity. By honing these skills, translators can enhance cross-cultural communication, foster understanding, and promote cultural exchange. This paper serves as a valuable resource for language professionals, students, and anyone seeking to improve their ability to navigate the intricate world of translation.

Translation is the process of reworking text from one language into another to maintain the original message and communication. It enables effective communication between people around the world. Translation is a courier for the transmission of knowledge, a protector of cultural heritage and essential to the development of a global economy. We communicate to transfer information from one person to another. Thus, translation is a two-facet phenomenon: on the one hand, it is the process of transferring information; on the other hand, it is the result of this process. By the results is meant a new text created in translating.

Qadim zamonlardan insoniyato’z ustida ishlashga, dunyoqarashini kengaytirishga, turmush tarzini yaxshilashga va bilim salohiyatini rivojlantirishga harakat qilib kelgan. Bu omillar uni doimo harakatda bo’lishga undagan. Va o’z navbatida, inson qimmatli bilim-ko’nikmalarini, mashaqqatli hayotini, ichki kechinmalarini, olam haqidagi tasavvurini kelgusi avlod anglashi va hayoti davomida undan foydalanishi uchun qo’lyozmalar, qoyatosh va devoriy suratlar orqali meros qilib qoldirgan. Anglaganingizdek, biz bu bebaho merosni kitoblar orqali o’qib o’rganamiz. Ammo bir muammo mavjud. Har kim bu merosni o’zicha o’qib o’rganolmaydi. Sababi, odamzod Yer kurrasining turli burchaklarida istiqomat qiladi. Ularni umumiy “INSON” degan nom birlashtirib tursada, turli hududlarda yashovchi, turli insonlarni turli tafovutlari ham bor. Ushbu tafovutlardan eng asosiysi TILdir. Biz o’zbekmiz, turkiyzabonmiz va O’zbekistonda yashaymiz. Ammo ko’hna Yunonistonda yashab grek tilida ijod qilgan Aristotel haqida qayerdan bildik? O’sha kitoblar orqali, aniqrog’i, mehnatkash va jonkuyar TARJIMONning mashaqqatli mehnati orqali. O’sha tarjimonlar bo’lmaganida edi, biz Suqrotning donishmandligi-yu, Konfutsiyning hikmatli so’zlaridan bahramand bo’la olmasdik. Chunki biz tilni bilmaymiz. Tarjimon esa o’sha buyuk olim va mutafakkirlarning kitoblarini bizga tushunarli bo’lishi uchun o’zga tildan bizning ona tilimizga moslashtirib, aniq va sodda qilib berdi.

The article talks about the role of cultural competence in translation and the important skills needed to develop the cultural competence of translators.

This article includes English proverbs in Uzbek equivalent in terms of meaning and content, as well as examples of the use of these proverbs in both languages.