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BALALAR FOLKLOR SAZ ÁSPABLARÍ HÁM ATAMALARÍ HAQQÍNDA
Xudaybergenov Sarvarjan
ÓzMKÓMI NF “Folklor hám etnografiya” kafedrası
“Folklor hám etnografiya” qaniygeligi sırtqı bólim 2-kurs studenti
Moyanov Iqlasbay Jiyenbaevich
dotcent, PhD
Ózbekistan mámleketlik kórkem óner hám mádeniyat instituti Nókis filyali
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10464578
Annotaciya. Bul maqalada balalar folklor saz áspabları hám atamaları haqqında sóz
etilgen.
Gilt sózi: Folklor, balalar, saz áspab, muzıka, qobız, qosıq, shıǵarma, qobız atamaları.
ABOUT CHILDREN'S FOLKLORE INSTRUMENTS AND NAMES
Abstract. This article tells about children's folklore instruments and their names.
Key word: folklore, children, the word áspab, music, kobyz, spoon, artwork, kobyz names.
О ДЕТСКИХ ФОЛЬКЛОРНЫХ ИНСТРУМЕНТАХ И НАЗВАНИЯХ
Аннотация. В этой статье рассказывается о детских фольклорных инструментах
и их названиях.
Ключевое слово: фольклор, дети, слово áspab, музыка, кобыз, ложка, произведение
искусства, имена кобыз.
Áyyemgi zamanlarda “qobız” uǵımı ulıwma “saz ásbabı” maǵanasın ańlatsa kerek.
Sebebi, balalarǵa arnalǵan
sazqobız
sırnaydıń qızıl ılaydan islengen túri de, al
jelqobız
mes tárizles
ásbap ekeni belgili. Saraylarda saqlanǵan
narqobız (qobız – bas)
benen qarapayım
balaqobız
(qobız – prima)
ulıwma túsinikten
qobız (qızılqobız)
atalmısh sazdıń biri úlkeni, ekinshisi kishi
túri bolsa, skripkaǵa megzes
sımqobız tarlı ásbap túrine kiredi. Birazlar
onı “ıyıq”
(“iyinqobız”)
dese, qazaq halqı “sazgen” dep ataydı. Qádimgi
kábiqobız (qobızqabaq)
qabaqtan islense,
shınqobız (Buxara qaraqalpaqlarında “shańǵıawız” – S. A.) temirden jasaladı. Qırǵızlarda ol
“temirqobız” degen atamaǵa iye. Qullası, bári de saz ásbabınıń túrleri. Balalardıń birewi bir
gáp aytıp turıp, onı ekinshisi basqasha uqsa, ádepki balanıń “Men ne dedim, qobızım ne
deydi…” dep teńlesiniń ańsız atawlısına baylanıslı kelip shıqqan bolsa, ájep emes.
Jámlep kelgende, balalar folklorınıń ózinde kóplegen saz ásbaplarınıń atları ataladı,
ayırımlarınıń kelip shıǵıwı haqqında ájayip ápsanalar dóretilgen. Usı saz ásbaplarınıń tariyxın
úyreniw menen qatar, olarǵa baylanıslı awızeki dóretpelerdi jıynap, qayta tiklew máselesi,
155
balalardıń ruwxıy dúnyasın ǵana emes, qaraqalpaq xalqınıń muzıkalıq folklor keńisligin de
keńeyte túsetuǵınlıǵı tábiyiy. Hár bir folklorlıq shıǵarmaları hár túrli dáwirlerdi basınan
keshirip, ózine tán bolǵan mazmun hám kórkemlilik ózgesheligin toplap, áwladdan – awladqa
ótip kelgen. Sonlıqtan hár bir folklorlıq shıǵarmalar tariyxıy tamırına, dóreliw sebeplerine
iye boladı. Qaraqalpaq xalqıda óziniń barlıq turmısınıń quwanıshın, qapashılıǵın folklorlıq
shıǵarmalar arqalı bayanlap toy – tamasha, qayǵı - muńın atqaratuǵın bay folklorlıq
shıǵarmaların dóretken.
Bul balalar folklorlıq qosıqları qaraqalpaq folklorınıń ishinde ulken orındı iyeleydi.
Xalqımız onı ásirler boyına atadan - balaǵa miyras etip qaldırıp, búgingi kunge
shekem jetip kelgen. Bul balalar folklorlıq shıǵarmaları awızdan – awızǵa kóship, óz boyına
salıstırıw, teńew qusaǵan kóp ǵana kórkemlew quralların jámlegen. Sonlıqtan ol kóbinese
aytıwǵa qolay, tili jeńil tez yadda qalatuǵın, tásirsheń tayın qatarlar bolıp keledi. Sonıń
menen birge balalar folklorlıq qosıqlarınıń qaysı túrin alıp qarasańda tereń tárbiyalıq
mazmunǵa iye boladı. Bul qosıqlardıń hár bir qatarı balalarǵa tárbiyalıq tásir jasap otıradı.
Bul folklorlıq shıǵarmalar qaysı dáwirde bolsa da balalar turmısına tásir jasap kelip,
olardıń ruwxıy dúnyasına málim bir dárejede juwap bererlik bolıp keledi. Juwmaqlap
aytqanda balalar folklorlıq shıǵarmaları xalıq penen birge jasap, onıń ómir turmıslıq
tariyxıynıń belgilerin kórsetetuǵın janr bolıp esaplanadı.
156
157
Kewildegi kóz benen serlep serlep qarańlar,
Sezgir bolsań sezip al, kim shertkenin yaranlar.
Mańlay shertpek degende, mańlay shertpek yaranlar.
Sezgir bolsań, sezip al kim shertkenin yaranlar,
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