Том 3 № 20 (2024): Theoretical aspects in the formation of pedagogical sciences

The objective of this research is to examine the role of morpheme awareness in enhancing students' understanding of academic language. Morpheme awareness, or the ability to identify and manipulate the smallest units of meaning within words, is a key factor in vocabulary acquisition and reading comprehension, particularly in academic contexts where complex words are common. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and practical activities to evaluate how morpheme awareness influences students' ability to decode and comprehend academic vocabulary. Results indicate that morpheme-based strategies significantly aid in understanding specialized vocabulary, with students showing improved confidence and comprehension when encountering morphologically complex words. These findings support the integration of morphological instruction in educational settings to promote independent learning and academic literacy.

in this article, it is considered that the development of critical thinking in students is an important pedagogical problem. factors, methods, directions of development of critical thinking are shown. it is proposed to use the activity of national heroes as a didactic tool for the development of critical thinking in students.

Small school age of children's personal, social and emotional development, music, science through train efficiency depends. Music, children's sensitivities, aesthetic appearance and creative abilities in the development of an important role plays. In addition, music education is important in the formation of children's social skills and their integration into society. In this article, a small school for young children music science through educating pedagogical conditions of the review is out.

Zamоnaviy ta’lim-harbiy xizmatсhilar farzandlarini barkamоl shaxs sifatida vоyaga yetkazishning markaziy оmili, xususan, axlоqiy tarbiya va ta’lim tizimining ahamiyati masalasiga iјtimоiy-falsafiy nuqtai nazardan yоndashganda, bu јarayоn јamiyatning barqarоrligi, davlatning kelaјak avlоdni yetishtirishga qо‘ygan maqsadlari va ma’naviy tarbiya tizimi bilan сhambarсhas bоg’liqdir. Harbiy xizmatсhilar farzandlari ma’lum bir turmush sharоitida о‘sadi va bu sharоitlar ularning shaxsiy rivојlanishiga katta ta’sir kо‘rsatadi. Shuningdek, mamlakatda ta’lim tizimining о‘rni va undagi asоsiy vazifalar nafaqat intellektual јihatdan rivојlangan, balki ma’naviy јihatdan yetuk shaxslarni tarbiyalash bilan belgilanishi lоzimdir.

To date, there are numerous surgical intervention techniques that allow for the avoidance of tooth extraction in chronic periodontal processes. However, surgical revision in the area of multi-rooted teeth leads to bone loss in the surgical intervention zone, increases the risk of vascular-nervous bundle damage, and prolongs the treatment duration for patients. In this regard, the search for new methods to optimize treatment is a pressing task.

Maqolada qoraqalpoq sur qorako`l qo`ylari hayotchanligining biologik faol moddalar bilan bog`liqligi keltirilgan.

This research examines the effectiveness of incidental versus intentional vocabulary learning strategies among high school and university students. Vocabulary acquisition is critical for language development, impacting both academic success and communication skills. Incidental learning occurs naturally through context, like reading and listening, while intentional learning involves focused activities such as using flashcards or vocabulary lists. While both methods offer distinct benefits, they also present challenges depending on learners' proficiency and educational contexts. The study highlights the potential of a blended approach, integrating both strategies to optimize vocabulary acquisition. Through interviews with educators and an experimental study with student participants, this research aims to provide insights for developing more effective vocabulary instruction.

In this article, the linguistic and cultural features of the concept of "happiness" in English and Uzbek are analyzed on the example of poetic works. In both languages ​​and cultures, the expression of the concept of "happiness" through various semantic, lexical and artistic means is studied, and attention is paid to the commonalities and differences between them. Linguistic forms, cultural connotations and methods of artistic representation of the concept of "happiness" in English and Uzbek poetry are comparatively analyzed. The results of the research serve to determine the harmony between linguistic and cultural views and reveal the richness of Uzbek and English poetic traditions.

Bo’lajak tarbiyachilar kelajakda, bolalarning o‘sib borayotgan shaxsiyatini hayotga tayyorlashni, odob-ahloq me’yorlari va milliy, oilaviy, shaxsiy qadriyatlarni rivojlantirish, boshqalar bilan o‘zaro munosabatga kirish, muloqot qilish bilan bog‘liq vazifalarni hal qilish uchun zarur bo‘lgan faoliyat usullarini shakllantirishni ta’minlash maqsadida ma’lum kompentetsiyaga ega bo‘lishi kerakligini nazarda tutadi.

In this article, the issue that is considered urgent today, i.e., increasing the number of plants in the preservation of mother nature is of great importance today, the need to increase the number of plants in preserving the purity of the atmosphere, as a result of which a healthy environment will be created in the future. it is said to give concepts about the basic source for creating a style.

Ushbu maqolada kichik lirik va epik janrlarning ta'riflari, ularning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, farqlari va o‘xshashliklari tahlil qilinadi.

in this article, future pedagogic teachers will help to reveal the forms, nature and structure of suggestiveness skills, the content of the concepts of suggestiveness, the essence of suggestiveness skills, not only describing their structure, but also the characteristics of manifestation. , the main theoretical and methodological rules that help to determine the connection and connection with other professional pedagogical qualities are discussed

Ушбу мақола профилактика инспекторининг ҳуқуқбузарликларнинг содир этилиши сабаблари ва шарт-шароитларини бартараф этиш амалиётини такомиллаштириш тўғрисида, шунингдек, ҳуқуқбузарликларни олдини олишда профилактика инспекторининг ролини кучайтириш, самарали усулларни ишлаб чиқиш ва уларни амалиётга жорий этиш, ҳуқуқбузарликларнинг асосий сабаблари ва шарт-шароитларини таҳлил қилиш, профилактика инспекторининг мавжуд усуллари ва уларнинг самарадорлиги тўғрисида фикрлар илгари сурилган.

В данной работе рассматриваются современные подходы к управлению кадрами и мотивации сотрудников, которые играют ключевую роль в повышении эффективности работы организаций. В условиях динамично развивающегося рынка и глобальных изменений роль персонала становится все более значимой, что требует от руководителей внедрения инновационных методов мотивации и эффективного управления кадровыми ресурсами.

This study explores the factors influencing customer demand in the software industry and the role of marketing research in shaping the development of software products. As the digital landscape evolves, understanding customer needs becomes increasingly complex, with demand driven by a variety of macroeconomic, microeconomic, technological, and regulatory factors. This research employs both quantitative and qualitative research methods, including surveys, interviews, and competitor analysis, to gain insights into customer preferences and market trends. The findings reveal that factors such as economic conditions, technological advancements, and industry-specific requirements significantly influence software demand. Additionally, emerging trends like remote work solutions and cybersecurity are shaping the future of software development. The study also emphasizes the importance of Agile methodologies, specifically Scrum, in managing software development projects and ensuring alignment with customer expectations. The results provide valuable insights for software companies looking to adapt to evolving market conditions, meet customer needs, and maintain a competitive edge.

В настоящее время в нашей стране проводится множество реформ, направленных на укрепление правопорядка и законности, обеспечение мира и спокойствия населения путем обеспечения общественной безопасности, формирование комплексной системы профилактики правонарушений и борьбы с преступностью, налаживание эффективной деятельности органов внутренних дел от самого низшего уровня до республиканского уровня и внедрение современных методов работы. В соответствии с Указом Президента Республики Узбекистан от 26 марта 2021 года No УП-6196 в деятельность подразделений по профилактике правонарушений внедряются современные информационные технологии, направленные на повышение их эффективности и снижение нагрузки.

Данная работа посвящена синтаксическому и семантическому анализу адъюнктивных конструкций в современном немецком языке. Адъюнктивные конструкции, включающие прилагательные, причастия и другие синтаксические элементы, играют ключевую роль в уточнении, описании и дополнении значений в предложении. В статье исследуются основные типы таких конструкций, их функции и особенности использования в разных контекстах. Рассматриваются вопросы согласования адъюнктивных элементов с существительными, их позиционирование в предложении, а также их влияние на семантическое восприятие высказывания.

Prepositional constructions often convey complex, context-dependent meanings in communication, and interpreting them requires more than a syntactic or semantic approach. This paper investigates the pragmatic aspects of prepositional constructions, focusing on how context, speaker intent, inferencing, polysemy, embodied experience, and idiomatic use shape interpretation. Using examples and relevance theory, this study illustrates how a pragmatic approach offers a more nuanced understanding of prepositions and their flexible meanings.

Ushbu maqolada moy bo`yoqda dengiz manzarasi ishlash tartibi, kerakli asboblar va zarur jihozlar bo`yicha malumotlar keltirlgan. Shuningdek, dengiz manzara janrida yorqin ijod qilgan rassom Ivan Konstantinovich Ayvazovskiy ijodi ham keltirilgan.

Xavfsizlikning umumiy nazariyasining tuzilishida tamoyil (prinsip)lar va usullar ko'rilayotgan bilim sohasida aloqalar to'g'risida toʼla tasavvur qilishda metodologiya ahamiyatga ega. Asos (prinsip) - bu fikr, g'oya, maqsad (asosiy holatdir).  Usul - bu eng umumiy qonuniyatlarni  bilish orqali maqsadga erishish yo'li. Xavfsizlikni ta'minlash asoslari va usullari mantiq va dialektikaga xos umumiy usullarga tegishli boʼlib maxsus va ayrim usullardan hisoblanadi. Usullar va asoslar o'zaro bog'liqdir. Hayot xavfsizligi asoslarini mashğulotlarini o'qitish usullarini takomillashtirish haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi.

The development of communicative competence in English is a critical component in language education, ensuring students can effectively use English for both social and academic purposes. This paper explores the methodological importance of enhancing communicative competence, emphasizing how it improves language proficiency, cultural awareness, and real-world application. It reviews various pedagogical approaches that foster communicative competence and provides a framework for educators to integrate these strategies in their teaching practices. Ultimately, the paper advocates for communicative-based language teaching as an essential method to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical language use in real-world settings.

The article emphasizes the critical role of integrating innovative technologies into foreign language education. These technologies provide distinct advantages over traditional educational methods by seamlessly blending conventional teaching techniques with modern innovations. They facilitate a range of educational functions, including teaching, providing information, engaging through games, modeling scenarios, constructing knowledge, and conducting analysis. Additionally, they align with key educational principles such as visual learning, accessibility, appropriate challenges, structured learning, the transition from instruction to self-directed learning, and the integration of theory with practice. By incorporating these innovative tools, educators can create an optimal learning environment that greatly enhances student motivation in foreign language acquisition.

Bilingualism, the ability to speak and understand two or more languages, has significant effects on cognitive development. This paper examines the cognitive benefits of bilingualism, including enhanced executive functions such as attentional control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Bilingualism has also been linked to a delay in cognitive decline in aging populations due to increased cognitive reserve. However, it may present challenges in vocabulary acquisition and language proficiency, particularly in early development. The paper also explores bilingualism’s role in enhancing brain plasticity and supporting early cognitive growth. Finally, it discusses the implications of bilingualism for education and lifelong learning, arguing that multilingualism promotes cognitive health and development across the lifespan. 

The article examines the problem of reading culture in the information society. Examples of solving this problem in different countries are given. Recommendations are given to help improve the level of reading culture.

The following article deals with the some advantages of integration of English learning and critical thinking in English classes at school, which leads to more effective results in the situation of Uzbekistan education system.

Mahkumlarning axloqiy holatini o‘rganish orqali ularning ichki qarashlari, xatti-harakatlariga ta’sir qiluvchi omillar haqida tushuncha hosil qilish va bu orqali jamiyatda jinoyatchilikning oldini olish mumkin. Jinoyat sodir etgan shaxslar ko‘pincha o‘z axloqiy qadriyatlarini buzish holatlari tufayli jinoyatga yo‘l qo‘yadi. Shu sababli, axloqiy qarashlarni shakllantirish va rivojlantirish jinoyatchilikni kamaytirishga hissa qo‘shishi mumkin. Ushbu tadqiqotda axloqiy tuzilganlikni aniqlash uchun foydalaniladigan turli usullar, jumladan, psixologik testlar, diagnostik vositalar, intervyu va so‘rovnomalar haqida batafsil ma’lumot beriladi. Har bir metodning o‘ziga xosligi va samaradorligi yoritiladi.

Bulutli hisoblashning afzalliklari biznes manzarasini o'zgartirmoqda. Mijozlar shaxsiylashtirilgan marketing va tezkor va benuqson xizmatni talab qiladigan dunyoda bu tez muvaffaqiyat va innovatsion biznesni rivojlantirishning eng yaxshi usuli emas, balki yagona yo'lga aylanib bormoqda.

Ushbu maqolada tadqiqot mavzusining dolzarbligi shundan iboratki, jinoyat sodir etib ozodlikdan mahrum qilingan va jazo   muddatini o‘tayotgan mahkumlarni kasb-hunarga o‘rgatishning maqsadi, ularni jazo muddatini o‘tab chiqqanidan keyin hayotga tarbiyalash, hayotda o‘z o‘rinlarini topib ketishlari va qayta bu yo‘lga kirmasliklari uchun mahkumlarga kasb-hunar o‘rgatish, bilimli qilib ozodlikka chiqarish asosiy vazifa bo‘lib xizmat qiladi.

Оценить распространенность симптомов со стороны ССС, определить основные изменения ЭХОКГ при ДТЗ в дебюте заболевания и вдинамике на фоне лечения.

оценить клиническую эффективности эноксипарина и нефракционированного гепарина (НФГ) при лечении острого коронарногосиндрома (ОКС) без подъема сегмента ST.

На основании анкетирования пациенток по опросникам SF-36,FactAn,BFL проанализировать показатели качества жизни и синдромаслабости в зависимости от тяжести и длительности течения заболевания, а также в динамике изолированной терапии препаратом железа. Выявлениеосновных факторов риска развития и методов профилактики.

Эктопическая беременность (ЭБ) до настоящего времени продолжает оставаться серьезной проблемой  в гинекологии. Эктопическая беременность занимает 3-е место в структуре материнской смертности, составляя 10,2%.

This article is devoted to improving the methodology of developing the professional competence of gifted students. The role of methodological approaches in the formation and development of professional competence, the effectiveness of using modern educational technologies and innovative methods are analyzed. The author shows ways to achieve professional growth by directing students to practical activities, taking into account their personal abilities. The research results serve to propose new methodological methods and approaches in working with gifted students.

Ёшлар хавфсизлигига таҳдид солиб турган омиллар сарасида маънавий таҳдидлар алоҳида ўрин тутади. Унинг моҳиятини аниқлашдан аввал фалсафа назариясининг барча учун маълум бўлган назарий хулосасига мурожаат этиб ўтиш лозим. Маълумки, маънавият ҳақида гап кетганда, энг аввало, “жа-миятнинг маънавий соҳаси” ва “инсон маънавий қиёфаси” тушунчаларини бир-биридан ажратмоқ лозим. Жамиятнинг маънавий соҳаси инсон ақл-заковати билан яратилган сиёсий, ҳуқуқий, ахлоқий, диний, фалсафий, илмий, эстетик, иқтисодий, экологик ва бошқа қарашлар, билимлар, ғоялар, тасаввурлар, кайфиятлар ва ҳоказолар йиғиндисини қамраб олади.

Ushbu maqola faoliyat va emotsiya psixologiyasining o‘zaro bog‘liqligini, ular orasidagi o‘zaro ta'sirni va inson psixologiyasidagi ahamiyatini tahlil qiladi. Faoliyat va emotsiyalar insonning ichki va tashqi dunyo bilan qanday aloqada bo‘lishini, qanday motivatsiya va hissiy holatlarda faoliyatlarni amalga oshirishini ko‘rsatib beradi. Maqolada faoliyat va emotsiyaning psixologik jihatlari, ular o‘rtasidagi aloqalar va jamiyatdagi ahamiyati muhokama qilinadi

Grammar is a dynamic and evolving process, shaping language and improving its harmony and clarity (Thornbury, 2001). For teachers, understanding the core importance of grammar and creating optimal teaching conditions is essential. Teaching English grammar in non-native environments can be particularly challenging, with teachers and students encountering numerous obstacles in ESL/EFL classrooms (Al-Mekhlafi, 2011). To enhance learning outcomes, educators must clearly consider key points in grammar instruction and employ techniques suitable for productive assessment. This article discusses three principal approaches to grammar instruction—teaching grammar as a product, as a process, and as a skill—exploring each approach's methods, benefits, and limitations.

Boshlangʻich ta’lim bosqichida ogʻzaki nutqni,yozma savodxonligini shakllantirish o‘quvchilarning kelgusidagi maqsad va vazifalarini  muvaffaqiyati amalga oshirishga turtki bo’ladi.Buning uchun biz pedagoglar bolaning nutqini oshirishda turli metodlar,ro’lli o’yinlar, baliq skeleti kabi ko’rgazmalar,munozaralar va ijodiy topshiriqlardan foydalanish muhim oʻrin tutadi.

This article aims to study the specific features of developing critical thinking skills in language learning through the CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) pedagogical approach. CLIL, or Science and Language Integrated Learning, encourages students not only to acquire language, but also to develop a deeper understanding of science. The article analyzes the importance of critical thinking and the influence of CLIL on its development. Also, attention is paid to methods of effective introduction of CLIL technology into the educational process and the role of the teacher in this process. The results of the study show the effectiveness of CLIL in developing not only linguistic competences, but also analytical and critical approach.

В условиях глобализации и многообразия культур этика и уважение в межкультурном взаимодействии становятся важнейшими аспектами для построения продуктивных отношений. Этот тезис рассматривает основные этические вызовы, возникающие при взаимодействии людей из разных культур, а также предлагает возможные решения, направленные на укрепление взаимопонимания и уважения. В нем обсуждаются такие темы, как стереотипы, предвзятости и культурная толерантность, а также подчеркивается важность культурной компетенции в межкультурной коммуникации. 

It is no secret that in today's information age, the importance of digital technologies in ensuring the stability of the financial system in the world community is increasing significantly. The vast opportunities created by the implementation of digital technologies serve as a lever for sustainable development. Digitization creates a wide range of opportunities in many areas. With this, it is possible to achieve a structural change of the economy through new connections and partnerships, improvement of services, automation of tasks through artificial intelligence, and the emergence of platforms and new business plans. These factors are intended to increase efficiency and income, increase trade and many other areas. As the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, said, «There is no future for the country’s economy without a digital economy».

Boshlangʻich ta’lim bosqichida ogʻzaki nutqni,yozma savodxonligini shakllantirish o‘quvchilarning kelgusidagi maqsad va vazifalarini  muvaffaqiyati amalga oshirishga turtki bo’ladi.Buning uchun biz pedagoglar bolaning nutqini oshirishda turli metodlar,ro’lli o’yinlar, baliq skeleti kabi ko’rgazmalar,munozaralar va ijodiy topshiriqlardan foydalanish muhim oʻrin tutadi.