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Экономикалық және экологиялық тиімділігі:
Топырақтың уақытында ылғалдануы микроклиматты ӛсімдіктер ҥшін ғана
емес, адамдар ҥшін де қолайлы. Автосуару сiздiң уақытыңыз және қаржыңыз
ҥнемделедi. Қуатты сорғылар, кҥнге бiрнеше сағат жҧмыс iстейтiн болса, ал біздің
қондырғымыз: электр энергиясы, судың шығысын кӛп тҧтынбайды, мӛлшерленген
және бiр қалыпты етіледі. Суару айналымдарының бәрi автосуару сiздiң
қалауыңызша, уақыт қажеттi шығын мӛлшерін реттейдi. Мысалы, басқарудың
бағдарламасын бҧзылмайды тiптi қоректену автосуару уақытша сӛндiруiнде,
тереңдiкке 30 – 40 -шi жерiмен жҥйе ене алады. Адамдардың демалысына кедергi
болмайды
Даму жоспары
1.
«Arduino» микроконтролерін тек бір платаға орнатып, бірнеше
ӛсімдіктердің автосуаруын қамтамасыз ететін бағдарламалармен жҧмыс істеу.
2.
«Arduino» микроконтролері негізінде ҥй ӛсімдіктерін суару жҥйесін
қашықтықтан басқару және кҥн панелдерімен қуаттандыру.
Әдебиеттер тізімі
1. Кравченко А.В. 10 практических устройств на AVR микроконтроллерах. - М.:
Энергия, 2014. – 245 б.
2. Arduino community // Arduino офиальныйсайт. 2007. URL:
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/HomePage
3. Справочники по полупроводниковым приборам // Персональная страница
В.Р. Козака [Электронды ресурс]. – Қол жету режимі: http://www.inp.nsk.su
4. Однокристальные 8-разрядные микроконтроллеры. [Электронды ресурс]. – Қол
жету режимі: www.habrahabr.ru/hub/arduino
5. К. Холостов «Умный дом: Автомат полива»
6.Пульт
дистанционного
управления
и
солнечная
система
поливаhttp://www.instructables.com/id/Remote-Controlled-Solar-Powered-Watering-
System/
1
Izzatullayev M.,
2
Scientific adviser: Muminov N.
1
National University of Uzbekistan named after MirzoUlugbek. Uzbekistan. Tashkent
E-mail:
alikhann1194@gmail.com
2
National University of Uzbekistan named after MirzoUlugbek. Uzbekistan. Tashkent
METHODS AND WAYS OF DEVELOPING INNOVATIVE BUSINESS
Abstract.
In this article theoretical foundations of business, factors which can
influence on developing innovative business
moreover
innovative products and services
manufactured by enterprises,additionally the dynamics of expenditures on them were
analyzed on the basis of a comparative analysis.Based on the results of analysis,
proposals for the development of innovative business have been developed.
Key words:
business, small business, innovation, innovative business.
Business is a search for new areas to direct capital, improving existing products and
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creating new ones, developing personal preferences and effectively utilizing various
opportunities to generate income.At the same time, business is characterized as the
production of new products for the small business market, changing the field of activity,
or forced use of a new enterprise or network.The above mentioned arguments indicates
that traditional enterprising is in harmony in line with modern requirements.This, in turn,
is one of the most pressing problems in the deeply integrated market economy. For
comparison, in France, the share of small business in GDP is 62%, Italy - 60%,
Uzbekistan-56,9%, Japan - 55%, Germany - 54.0%, Great Britain - 53%, USA - 52%,
Kazakhstan - 25.6%, Russia - 20%.
1
Joseph Shumpeter was one of the economists who emphasized the importance of
innovation in the economy. Shumpeter, in contrast his predecessor, J. M. Keynes,
pointed out that advanced economic institutions, innovation enterprising and
technological change in business are heart of economic growth rather than independent
forces beyond political influence.
2
.
Opening the essence of socio-economic problems of innovation entrepreneurship
development, one of the scholar of economy G.Muftaydinovsaid that ―Innovative
business is an economic mathematical driving force of economic activity and ensures
uninterrupted reproduction of producing, taking into account enterprising activity and
consumption requirements in a market economy"
3
.
Indeed, finding and implementing new ideas is one of the most important and, at
the same time, the most difficult task of entrepreneurship.In this case, the business not
only needs creative thinking and finding new solutions, but also promising thinking and
the need to look at the needs of the future society. Innovation is a set of news stories that
meet the needs of changing people's needs, creating, disseminating and using them
4
.
That is, innovation should be a separate tool of business.
It should be noted that any innovative activity is business, but not any business can
be innovative.Only product activity or business generated from entrepreneurial activity
can be considered an innovative activity, allowing enterpising incomes to use an
innovative product diffusion. The organizations which carry out activities for innovative
enterprising are subjects of innovative business. Therefore, two models of
entrepreneurship are highlighted.
The first model is classic entreprising (traditional, productive, outdated) aimed at
organizing activities with the maximum return on existing resources within the business
organization.
In the classic model of entreprising, the concept of growth of production is formed,
its implementation takes time to take the state support, and to take measures, which are
taken into account by the external subsidy factor for the business firm. In addition, its
internal reserves are used to increase the efficiency of the firm.
The second model is an innovation entrepreneurship that allows you to talk about
1
https://stat.uz/en/435-analiticheskie-materialy-en1/2073-development-of-small-business-and-private-entrepreneurship-in-the-
republic-of-uzbekistan
Christopher Freeman (2009) «Schumpeter's Business Cycles and Techno-economic Paradigms», in Wolfgang Drechsler, Erik
Reinert and Rainer Kattel (Eds.) Techno-economic Paradigms: Essays in Honor of Carlota Perez, p. 126
3
Muftaydinov Q. Problems of development of entrepreneurship in conditions of economy liberalization. Dis ... iqt. fan d-ri. -
Tashkent, 2004. -B. 18.
4
Abdulkosimov X.P. An Explanatory Dictionary of Economic Terms and Concepts. Tashkent - "ABU MATBUOT CONSULT" -
2017. p. 203
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innovations or the concept of growth that implies new ways of developing the
business.Innovative entrepreneurship is based entirely on innovation, so the outcome of
this activity can be a new product or new technology with new features and features.
Usually, any form of business involves a small innovative opportunity, such as
introducing new methods of organizing production of quality products from the
organization or using a new technology for production management. The market can
also be used by the use of new products or methods related to the production or export of
traditional products, as well as the organization of production, technical elements of
production or the change in the characteristics of commodity output from production.
The number of enterprises and organizations producing innovative products, works
and services has increased 8 times from 2010 to 2016 in Uzbekistan, from 289 to 2374.
For the first time the number of enterprises, which have mastered the production of
innovative products, works and services, has increased by 696
5
.
Figure 1
Dynamics of innovation products, jobs, volume and cost of servicesin Uzbekistan
6
(billon.soums)
The need for developing innovative business is conditioned by the following
factors:
- increasing the role of an intensive production factor promoting the application of
innovation in all areas of economic activity;
- raising the efficiency of the development of the important role of science and new
technology introduction;
- the need to significantly reduce the time to create a new technology development,
production and technical level, the inventor and the need for the development of their
works;
5
https://stat.uz/en/development-of-small-business-and-private-entrepreneurship-in-the-republic-of-uzbekistan
6
https://stat.uz/en/435-analiticheskie-materialy-en1/2073-development-of-small-business-and-private-entrepreneurship-in-the-
republic-of-uzbekistan
325
- decrease in economic performance of enterprises in increasing costs and
developing new products; a severe moral depreciation of technology and technology;
-with the objective necessity of rapid implementation of new techniques and
technology, etc.
The development of innovative business customers by innovation, scientific and
technological development of the national economy, the risk of innovative activities
related to the financing activities of the venture capital firms and investors.
In most cases, the second model of innovative entrepreneurship is used, that is,
does not order an enterprise to develop innovations, but by its use.
As a result of the ongoing research, the following can be concluded for the further
development of innovative business:
1. More targeted increase of the amount of the innovative expenses.
2.Further development of innovative research institutes, which can master the
scientific bases of the world experience on the basis of deep analysis.
Bibliography
1.
https://stat.uz/en/435-analiticheskie-materialy-en1/2073-development-of-small-
business-and-private-entrepreneurship-in-the-republic-of-uzbekistan
2.
Christopher Freeman (2009) «Schumpeter's Business Cycles and Techno-economic
Paradigms», in Wolfgang Drechsler, Erik Reinert and Rainer Kattel (Eds.) Techno-
economic Paradigms: Essays in Honor of Carlota Perez, p. 126
3.
Muftaydinov Q. Problems of development of entrepreneurship in conditions of
economy liberalization. Dis ... iqt. fan d-ri. - Tashkent, 2004. -B. 18.
4.
Abdulkosimov X.P. An Explanatory Dictionary of Economic Terms and Concepts.
Tashkent - "ABU MATBUOT CONSULT" - 2017. p. 203
5.
https://stat.uz/en/435-analiticheskie-materialy-en1/2080-innovation-activity-of-
enterprises-and-organizations.
6.
https://stat.uz/en/435-analiticheskie-materialy-en1/2073-development-of-small-
business-and-private-entrepreneurship-in-the-republic-of-uzbekistan
УДК 338.48
Камилханова И. А. - магистрант
Куралбаева А.Ш. – д.э.н., профессор, научный руководитель
Южно-Казахстанский педагогический университет,
Казахстан, г. Шымкент
E-mail:kuralbayeva.a@gmail.com
НЕКОТОРЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ
РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН В СФЕРЕ ТУРИЗМА
Аннотация.
Мақала Қазақстан Республикасының туристік саласына
ұлттық инвестициялық саясаттың кейбір мәселелерін қарастырады. Осының
арқасында туризм инфрақұрылымы айтарлықтай жақсарады, соның ішінде
тұру, азық-түлік, кӛлік және байланыс құралдары.
Кілттік сөздер
: инвестициялық стратегия, шикізаттық емес сектор,
туристік бизнес, жалпы ішкі ӛнім, капитал, технология, персонал,
