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COMPREHENSION OF A LITERARY WORK WITH NO WORDS
RASULOVA ZULFIYA XOLMUROTOVNA
Lecturer, Denau Institute entrepreneurship and pedagogy Samarkand state University,Uzbekistan.
DAVLYATOVA MADINA FARHODOVNA
Student, Denau Institute entrepreneurship and pedagogy Samarkand state University,Uzbekistan.
ABSTRACT
This article deals with the literary works studied using the hermeneutic method of analysis. The
hermeneutic method is considered to be a new perspective of poetic text study – translation of a literary
work within the psychological process of understanding.
KEY WORDS:
syllogism, transformation, katharsis, induction, deduction, individualism, idea, publicity,
poetry.
INTRODUCTION
In the process of understanding, comprehending, studying, analyzing and translating a text, scientists rely
on different methods and techniques in accordance with their perceptions. Of course, it should not be
overlooked that the translation process is accompanied by the need to implement all aspects of the work.
Understanding the perceived situation creates many opportunities for human psychological activities.
Thoughts, emotions, understanding are the various stages of cognizant understanding of a literary work as a
universal paradoxical axis of existence, and they are accomplished in various forms by psychophysiological
processes. We are focused on aspects of art and tradition, in general, on understanding the art, the society,
the human being, and its mentality. Nevertheless, as we consider the sample of the work a part of the
existence, we face a particular individual psychological state, its particular existence to understand and to
provide an explanation and comment to others, first of all, we must ensure that it is adequately developed.
The process of understanding is based on the hermeneutical method.
MAIN PART
The hermeneutic method goes back to the period of antiquity. In Europe this science appeared in 3,000 BC.
Its main task is to explain and interpret the thoughts in a foreign language. Hermeneutics (Hermeneno – to
explain, to define) has given a special place in the twentieth century to the exegetics (n.exegetike //
exegomai - derived from teaching). Hermeneutics (in many cases, obsolete, original) was the teaching of
the original meaning of the texts. Since the original meaning of ancient texts has undergone changes or lack
of attention, they are damaged and have the opportunity to explore and understand the entirety.
Hermeneutics is aimed at studying the essence of these texts through the lexical-grammatical aspect of the
language and restoring its original meaning. At the beginning of the 21st century, new approaches to this
subject appeared. As there is a process of understanding on the basis of the hermeneutic method, the
question is, what is the process of understanding and what it will be like, what it is and how it should be
understood.
Scientists who have applied the Hermeneutics have repeatedly reiterated that it first came into being within
the framework of religious philosophy and focused on the interpretation of religious artifacts. Later, the
hermeneutic variety was used in different fields of society; such as religious, legal, social and artistic
hermeneutics. The subject of our research is literary Hermeneutics. The understanding of the text and the
literary work requires a great deal of psychological process because every human being has his own world.
This world is filled with the figurative conceptions of the literary work. The existing world is enriched with
the elements of the figurative world. Thus, in the artistic analysis, we should not be confined to the artistic
mindset, because a figurative imagination is based on the imaginative world of the artwork and the
psychological training of the members of the society in which it is to be studied. When we think about the
mentality of the entire society, we mean not only the creator’s, but also the reader's mentality. The process
of thinking ability between the author and the worker is called close psychological, spiritual-enlightenment
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relevance. In the hermeneutic method, a German philosopher Shleyermacher separated two aspects: the first
linguistic aspect, the second psychological aspect.
MATERIAL METHOD
The first of these is the primary content of the essence, phenomenon, plot, created on the grammatical,
lexical-semantic possibilities of words that constitute the content of the work. It is based on the
grammatical meanings of words, and by means of them, it creates a perception of a particular phenomenon.
But it is important for us to be able to create a new variety of meaning, plot, in other words, to create a new
world of events and fantasies based on the primary content of the work. Such analysis is called
psychological aspect. And, of course, this understanding also includes several methods and tactics:
1. Syllogism. The study of the phenomenon of inductive and deductive method of formation of phenomena,
or the formation of a whole.
2. Transforming. Moving one event into a psychological aspect, the formation of the story of the narrated
work in the reader's imagination in different content, at different occasions and with different circumstances
and images.
3.Developing. Visualizing, forming events in the third generation, that is, imagining the system of events
using the possibility of abstracting a specific piece of art, and transforming it into its own inner world.
In the first method, we understand the general or the unity of the great or small events in all works. A
special phenomenon in each work is a unique world on the other hand, with a great and infinite presence.
The method of knowledge acquired in this regard is aimed at rational planning of existence. But the
Hermeneutic Understanding is regarded as a category of artistic and sentimental understanding.
"Hermeneutics means, above all, the practical application of the art of cognition ... and it is important to
emphasize the importance of the tale".
In this understanding, artistic images control the entire society. During the reading, the environment is the
only thing that is spiritually upbuilding. For example, Jamila in ChingizAitmatov, Daniel, Feride in
"Choliqushi", and Asadbek's fate in "Shaytanat" play a crucial role in the work. In reality, in a society
where they are in the real world, their lives are settled, calm and peaceful, without excessive noise. But, to
their surprise, they are seen as a mirror around the whole of the society, and the life around them is just a
chain of common life for the entire society. However, the fact that the society and the whole of existence
consist of such chains permits us to imagine their destiny as a universal life.
In the process of transforming the content and the plot of the artistic work, we are completely transforming
our destiny into the fate of the destiny of an unfamiliar man, that is, the events associated with the creations
are just as if we were with the reader. On the same basis, we transform our story into our own destiny. Such
a vision gives us psychological transformation. Similar events are simplified, and others are globalized. We
are spiritually prepared for any kind of suffering and trials, and in our souls we form great patience, great
power and pride in our souls. These literary works are reflected in the imagination of each person in the
next plot. The human qualities of the heroes of the work, and their experiences, inspire the spirit of this
kind of activity and encourage them to become a worthy people for a great life.
The Transformation process is extensively and meaningfully carried out by talented people with special
capacities, so creativity requires such a process. The category of imagination serves as a base in
hermeneutic understanding. In it, we create a separate imagination or conceptual framework for each hero
and every event within each of our works. Through this system, we judge them and transform them into the
property of our world. Of course, the problem of perfection is closely related to the artist's mentality. His
vital experience, his human qualities, play an important role in shaping the artistic-aesthetic outlook of his
creative talent and abilities.
Artistic works created at high level give us some fantasy material.
That's why, within the framework of our work, we have our own imagination in the world of our
imagination, we create ourselves emotionally. The writer's personality, his daily morals, his educational
mentality are not so important, but his talent is important, because his creative works reflect his soul, his
inner world, his works. However, the true appearance of the people is reflected in their intentions.
However, no one was able to determine the parameters of life, the world, the existence of the second and
the time. We only imagine what life is and what it is like.
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Some scholars cannot provide material for hermeneutic analysis of lyrical works. Hermeneutics is only
intended to create scenes of great epic works, so the story or situation in lyrical works can not be used as a
basis for this method. The works analyzed by Hermeneutics have proved to be unsatisfactory. Any
hermeneutic method is based on a mature, complete axiom. However, the problem of incompleteness of
lyrical works is controversial and questionable. The small volume of lyrical works does not mean that they
are unfinished. The art work does not necessarily have to cover the subject on which it's been written. That
is why it is a work of art, in which it signifies allegorical reference only to the general logic of events.
However, the artwork does not need to be rich in content and logic, because the story of a lyrical poem is a
product of the psychological ecstasy, its meaning, or its use, depending on its own state of the individual
mental state. we need to remember the above- mentioned syllogistics method. The induction and deduction
in it inspires our fantasy and creates space. However, the Lyric art serves as the yeast for the formation of
such a fantasy.
Lyric works are the dots of the human heart. In them, the poet reflects the images of his soul in smaller, but
vivid colors. The reader is amazed at discovering new sights during the work of the reader, the passion
world opens, he feels the new state of existence, and feels the emergence of the new world of thought. The
same situation inspires him for a new fantasy. There is no doubt that the works of Navoi, Omar Khayyam,
Shakespeare, Cholpon, created by this skill, have been completed. It is clear that each of them is an original
soul scene.
As we understand the concept as art, it is important to mention the paradigmatic view of understanding the
diversity and uniqueness of art. Everyone is aware of the phenomenon, based on one’s own mentality,
talent, and the environment. The neglect of the concept of a certain circumstance is not fault, but the
originality of his life, which was created at his very beginning, that is, his creation.
During the process of various rewards, some people unknowingly discover the new colors of existence,
when they perceive the discovery; they make their minds smart and spin their lives. But we have to admit
that every person lives only in the life of destiny. We have the right to imagine ourselves, to download the
tasks that we have been facing. In many cases, disagreement between people in different fields of society
comes about as a result of ignorance of such simple truth. Everyone has a living planet: its
Reality, its place, its woods, rivers and the seas. We must not ignore the fact that he has a specific
character, what he is capable of, and keep in mind what we can expect from him.
CONCLUSION
In fiction we find this phenomenon in a more complex psychological picture. An example of the artwork
presented to us is the world of the talent that has come to our attention with our own vision. We have to
accept the world as it is. The world is unclear for us, we have no right to disclose the creative discoveries in
our own thoughts. The sample of the presented art is reflected in our mentality within the framework of our
mentality, psychological preparation, in simple words, consciousness, intelligence, and translated
spiritually. This is exactly what we mean when we say a literary translation of a work of art.
It is also an art to turn it into a part of the human psychological world by looking at the work of art as an
example of the necessity to make the whole study of the work by the analysis, interpretation and translation
of literary works.
REFERENCES
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Tiselton E. Hermeneutics. – Cherkassy, 2008.
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Mikhailov A.A. Modern philosophical hermeneutics / A.A. Mikhailov. –Minsk, 1984.
3)
Bakhtin M.M. Aesthetics of verbal creativity / M.M. Bakhtin. –Moscow, 1986.
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Shpet G.G. Hermeneutics and its problems / G.G. Shpet // Context. Literary and theoretical studies. -
Moscow, 1989-1992.
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Sultonov I. Theory of Literature / I. Sultonov. –Tashkent, 1982.
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