THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
Section A-Research paper
ISSN 2063-5346
16073
Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12(Special Issue 4), 16073-16080
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW
PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
Nilufar Isakulova,
Uzbekistan State University of World Languages
Professor, DSc.
Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Abstract.
This article describes the theoretical foundations of new pedagogic concepts and ways
of their use. The introduction of the concept of "new pedagogy" in educational practice, the
problem of modern education in practice, theoretical foundations of new pedagogy, similar and
different features of new and old pedagogy, the main trends in the educational system, online
trends and their types, the most important trends and educational trends, the content of Google
Classroom and information about the stages of creation is given.
Keywords:
new pedagogy, old pedagogy, quality of online courses, artificial intelligence in
training, metavselen, market consolidation, individual approach, practice-oriented learning,
practice borrowing from popular educational products, proven learning, personalization, focus on
goal setting, blended learning, adaptive education, virtual classroom, OOOK, synchronous and
asynchronous learning, Flipped classroom (reversed learning), self-directed learning concept,
learning process management system (LMS), "Cloud-based" teaching, mobile learning, course
management system (CMS), eLearning, 1:1 technology, gamification, Google Classroom.
Today, the concept of "new pedagogy" has entered the educational practice. In order to
understand how this concept can help deep learning, it is first necessary to identify its features
that differ from the old pedagogy. The concept of "new pedagogy" can be taken as a new model
defining the educational relationship between student-teacher and student-students, intended for
deep learning in a digitalized environment. The novelty of the new pedagogy is explained in the
formation of active cooperative relations with learners.
Also, the problem of modern education in practice is that the world is new, children are
new, and pedagogy is old. Any child will tell the technology of the lesson: they got up, sat down,
opened the notebook, read the textbook, closed the notebook, opened the diary, finished the
lesson. It doesn't work anymore. The new guys agreed with our model but didn't accept it.
Coercive pedagogy is an old pedagogy. Therefore, modern children are bored at school [9].
The new pedagogy removes from the shoulders of the learner all the obsolete and
unnecessary requirements, knowledge that has lost all pedagogical interest and importance in our
age, it is modern life and natural development, follows the aspirations of the learner in a healthy
way, develops a thirst for new knowledge in the student, and most importantly, it is a response to
the needs and ideals of the age. gives [17].
Although the theoretical foundations of the new pedagogy were created by Dewey, Piaget,
Montessori, and Vygotsky, there was not enough opportunity to put their ideas into practice.
Similar features of the new and old pedagogy can be seen in learning, familiarizing with the
subject and strengthening the learner, the teacher, the basics of educational science. Based on the
opinions of researchers such as Jean Buteau, Alan, Jana Piaget, K.Rodgers, I.P.Savitsky, we
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
Section A-Research paper
ISSN 2063-5346
16074
Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12(Special Issue 4), 16073-16080
determined that the difference of the new pedagogy from the old pedagogy is seen in high
potential, accuracy, learning as follows (Table 1):
Table 1.
Different features of new and old pedagogy
Different features
New pedagogy
Old pedagogy
Theoretical awareness
of alternative schools
reexamines the idea based on
psychology and epistemology
and gives it a positive scientific
status
defines man as a thinking being
with reflexive consciousness, a
subject of real knowledge and
rational action
specific
knowledge
is
not
necessary for the formation or
development of an educational
system, but only attention is paid
to the development of new
pedagogical thinking
relies on knowledge of the art of
personality
training
and
development, the process of
personal development, the laws
of individual development and
the
laws
of
environmental
evolution
The field of moral norms is
clearly
separated
from
the
elements of the worldview in the
field of human choices, which
cannot manifest itself as a
"single science" and are not
scientific.
derived from the concept of
"human nature" (as a thinking
being, knowledge and rational
action)
the more the student tries, the
more confident the teacher is in
understanding him
the school is presented as a
"closed space" cut off from
society and family
on the one hand, it is developed
based on the concepts of "single
science", and on the other hand,
the concepts of sociosphere and
noosphere
completely ignores the fact that
in human society the dialectical
interaction of parts and wholes
has risen to a radically new level
Philosophy of
education: subject,
concept, direction of
study
takes into account the deep crisis
of culture and personality
determines the appearance and
characteristics
of
modern
education and school, actually
exhausts itself
forms not only a knowledgeable
person, but primarily a person
prepared for life and trials, for
understanding other people and
cultures
socialization
(school,
street,
public
institutions,
family,
media) and its mental, including
physical,
spiritual,
general,
changes and development
includes the methodology of
educational reforms along with
educational technologies
socialization
and
mental
development
correspond
to
different successive stages of
socialization
The main trends in the future education system will be related not only to the search for
new educational formats, but also to the new roles of all participants in the educational process.
It also gives more information about the theory behind various online trends that may be applied
in practice, they seem interesting, but it is not clear how to believe them in everyday life. For
example, the quality of online courses, artificial intelligence in training, metavselen, market
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
Section A-Research paper
ISSN 2063-5346
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Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12(Special Issue 4), 16073-16080
consolidation. 7 different trends of online education are put into practice, such as individual
approach, practice-oriented learning, practice of borrowing from popular educational products,
proven learning, personalization, focus on goal setting, blended learning.
Focus on quality when creating online courses - most people talk about the need to work
with quality, but they mean different things. Common criteria have not been released and
legalized, so it is difficult to rely on such a formula in work.
Artificial intelligence in training is a popular trend that many people talk about, but there
are very few practical examples of implementation.
Metavselen has the same situation with artificial intelligence: many people want to create
an educational platform that is both a social network and an entertainment platform, but there are
no such examples yet.
Market Consolidation – It is useful to know that several large players in online education
are acquiring small startups, but how this knowledge is used in course development is not fully
understood [2].
Among the most important trends are adaptive learning, virtual classroom, OOOK,
synchronous and asynchronous learning, "Flipped" classroom (reversed learning), self-directed
learning concept, learning process management system (LMS), "Cloud-based" teaching, mobile
learning, course management system (CMS), eLearning, 1:1 technology, gamification have been
studied in research [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22]. These educational trends
are expressed in the table below (Table 2):
Table 2.
Educational trends [12]
№
Educational
trends
The essence of educational trends
1.
Adaptive learning
In this educational concept, the computer is used as an interactive
learning device. The computer adapts the presentation of learning
material to the needs of the student, often in the form of questions
and answers to tasks. Such training is understood as the use of the
computer to combine the interactive capabilities of the student
with the mentorship of the teacher with whom the student can
communicate.
2.
Virtual class
it is an online learning environment. The environment can be web-
based, accessed through a portal, or created by software, for which
you need to download installation files. As in a real classroom, a
student in a virtual classroom participates in a synchronous
discussion, meaning that the teacher and students enter the virtual
learning environment at the same time.
3.
ОООК
is an acronym that stands for "Public Open Online Courses." This
leads us to online classes designed for large numbers of
participants. Usually, OOOK students watch 10-15 minute video
lectures, participate in online discussion in the forum together with
teachers and other listeners. Some OCs require students to take
quizzes and quizzes, and some require students to complete tasks
that are graded by multiple individuals, including themselves.
Some OOOK use both knowledge testing options
4.
Synchronous and
asynchronous
learning
synchronous online classes involve the simultaneous participation
of students and teachers. Lectures, discussions and presentations
take place at specific times. All students who wish to participate in
them must be online at this time. Asynchronous training is based
on a different principle. Teachers post materials, lectures, tests,
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
Section A-Research paper
ISSN 2063-5346
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Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12(Special Issue 4), 16073-16080
and assignments that can be accessed at any convenient time.
Students may be given a period of time - usually a week - in which
they must go online to study once or twice, but students are free to
choose this time
5.
Flipped classroom
(reversed learning)
it is a flipped teaching method where homework is done offline
while lectures and subject learning are done online
6.
A concept that
focuses on
independent
learning
it is the process of acquiring knowledge, in which the student
independently makes decisions, formulates the goals he wants to
achieve with his educational needs, determines human and
material sources of knowledge, chooses an educational strategy,
implements and evaluates the acquired knowledge
7.
Learning
Management
System (LMS)
it is a software product or website used to plan, implement and
evaluate a specific learning process. Typically, the educational
process management system allows the teacher to create
educational materials and present them to students, monitor
student participation in the educational process, and evaluate this
participation. The learning management system allows students to
participate in interactive processes, such as topic discussions,
video conferences, and discussion forums.
8.
"Cloud-based"
training
A cloud is a group of computers connected to a network, an
invention that allows them to work as one over the Internet. Also,
the cloud is a model that allows you to scale resources based on
needs. Users use the system a lot, and many resources are involved
9.
Mobile education
access to educational materials on personal devices, smartphones
and mobile phones. On educational sites, special application links
for mobile devices provide any educational material
10.
Course
Management
System (CMS)
is a set of tools that allows the teacher to create teaching materials
and upload them to the Internet without using HTML or any other
programming language
11.
eLearning
e-learning or digital learning refers to a wide range of programs
and processes designed to deliver learning materials to students.
This
usually
means
the
Internet,
but
CD-ROM
or
videoconferencing via satellite can also be used. The definition of
e-learning is a broader concept than online learning or computer-
based learning
12.
1:1 technology
is to provide each student with a laptop or tablet to individualize
learning, increase independence, and increase the number of
academic hours outside the classroom walls
13.
Gamification
gamification uses participation in a game where there is usually no
place for play. Some experts have called gamification one of the
most important trends in the field of information technology.
Gamification can be used in any industry and anywhere to engage
and entertain people, turning users into gamers
In 2022, the latest educational trends were identified [15, 23, 24]:
1. Digitization and digital literacy.
2. Micro-education. Agile and Scrum technologies.
3. Gamification. VR and AR technologies.
4. Moving to adaptive education and soft skills.
5. Changing the role of the teacher [18].
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
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According to teacher Shalva Amonashvili, "we were not bored in such a traditional school,
because we were brought up differently. Parents forced children, society forced them. Children
were brought up in an authoritarian environment in principle. This is considered normal. You
can't do that now. Here it is appropriate to quote the words of Sukhomlinsky: "I think that my
heart stops when I think about a child sitting bored in the classroom, who received two grades"
comments directed at solving problems in educational practice today [9]. Also, in addition to the
main trends in the education system, there is Google Classroom, which can be recommended as a
classroom for schools that can be added to the educational users of Google Apps in practice.
Google provides a free edition of Google Apps to educational institutions, and Google
Classroom leverages the installation by turning Google Apps into a communication suite for
students and teachers. Providing schools with email accounts and document storage is one thing.
Students and teachers demand more. There are class assignments, announcements, and
reminders. They need a specific environment that can be used for classroom security and
document exchange. This is where Google Classroom comes in. Google Classroom is basically a
learning management system or LMS that uses Google Apps for student and teacher
collaboration. Google Classroom was developed following user demand, but learning
management systems are expensive and many are difficult to use. Because the field is occupied
by Blackboard, which in turn bought most of the competition [1].
Here are four links you'll want to keep handy for future reference:
Google Classroom on the Internet;
Google Classroom iPad app;
Google Classroom Help Center;
Google Classroom learning materials.
We use the links mentioned above in the following 6 steps (Table 3
):
Table 3.
Steps to create a Google Classroom
Steps
The name of the steps
Work done in steps
1- step
Google Classroom- enter the
1. Make sure you're signed in to your Google
Apps for Education account. If you're using your
own Google Account or you're at a school that
doesn't use GAFE, you won't be able to use
Classroom.
2. You should see Google Classroom Home.
Below is a screenshot of my annotated home page
to explain the various features.
3. Click the + icon to create the first class. Create
one for an existing class or a practice session for
this tutorial.
2- step
Create a class
1. Select the About tab. Fill in basic information
about your class. Note that there is a folder in
Google Drive that contains files belonging to this
class.
2. Click on the Students tab and add a student or
two (perhaps a colleague who will serve as a
guinea pig for this experiment). Determine what
permissions you want these "students" to have
when posting messages and posting comments.
3. And/or, give the class code posted on the
student tag to a student or colleague to practice.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
Section A-Research paper
ISSN 2063-5346
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Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12(Special Issue 4), 16073-16080
This code is also available in your Stream tab.
4. Go to the Flow tab. Share the announcement
with your class. Notice how you can add a file, a
document from Google Drive, a YouTube video,
or a link to another resource.
5. Staying on the Flow tab, create a mock
assignment for this class. Fill in the title,
description and give the due date. Attach any
resources and assign the assignment to students
enrolled in this class
3- step
Control of students'
assignments
1. In the Stream tab, you should now see your
assignments in the left corner under the heading
"Upcoming Assignments". Click on one of your
assignments.
2. This will bring you to a page where you can see
the status of your students' work completion. This
is called the student engagement page. In order for
an assignment to be marked as completed, the
student must convert it to a Google Classroom
account.
3. Note that you can assign grades and scores.
Click on a student and you can send them a
private comment.
4. You can email the student or students if you
check the box next to the student's name.
If a student has submitted work, you can grade it
and return it to the student.
To view all student work at once, click on Folder
at the top of the Student Work page. This folder
link will be removed until the students start
working.
4- step
Try the classroom from the
students' point of view (exact
student help is available here)
1. Ask your colleague to invite you to his classes
and make an assignment for this class.
2. Try to submit the assignment.
3. Ask your colleague to grade this assignment
and return it to you
5- step
Google Classroom- Consider creative use of
6- step
iPad Download the app and repeat the previous steps
How the Google Classroom experience on the iPad differs from the web experience,
features specific to the app, and how to use Google Classroom the way you prefer can be
achieved by following the steps above.
In short, there were attempts to develop pedagogy based on individual elements of its
development. For example, pedagogy based on the theory of periods. But criticism easily
identified errors in such pedagogical theories. In our opinion, these errors could easily be
avoided if pedagogy made full use of the idea of development, without neglecting both the
doctrine of the evolution of the animal world and the history of the progressive development of
mankind. In particular, it is desirable to supplement the doctrine of the development of the
individual human personality and all this with practical instructions, experiences and the history
of the development of pedagogy.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
Section A-Research paper
ISSN 2063-5346
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Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12(Special Issue 4), 16073-16080
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THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTS AND WAYS OF USING THEM
Section A-Research paper
ISSN 2063-5346
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Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12(Special Issue 4), 16073-16080
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