No. 5 (2025) Economic Development and Analysis

 In this article, we will explore which economic areas in which artificial intelligence penetrates and can influence it in the economic era. Does the development of artificial intelligence (SI) technology positively affect or negatively affect the economy? We get as many answers as possible to the questions.

The article examined the economic prerequisites for the spatial organization of productive forces and the uneven development of regional economies, and studied the literature on the topic. An analysis of various theories was made and principles and approaches to overcoming the uneven development of regional economies were identified.

In this article, the main problems in the accounting of cash and equivalents, the transition from strictly regulated accounting to accounting based on the principles of MFRS are recommended. On the basis of foreign experiences, proposals were developed to improve the composition of cash and cash equivalents. Accounts for recording cash flows have been included in the working chart of accounts of enterprises, and their accounting procedures have been developed. The issues of IFRS No. 15 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, IAS No. 21 “The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates” and International Standards on Accounting for Financial Instruments” on the organization of cash accounting, and the liberalization of cash transactions were studied.

This аrtiсlе аnаlyzеs thе bаlаnсе bеtwееn есоnоmiс grоwth аnd еnvirоnmеntаl sustаinаbility during thе trаnsitiоn tо а grееn есоnоmy. Bаsеd оn wоrks by еxреrts suсh аs thе Intеrnаtiоnаl Lаbоur Оrgаnizаtiоn (ILО), Mаrk Саrnеy, аnd UNЕР, thе аrtiсlе еxрlоrеs thе sосiаl, finаnсiаl, аnd роlitiсаl аsресts оf trаnsitiоning tо а grееn есоnоmy. It аlsо еxаminеs thе аdvаntаgеs аnd сhаllеngеs оf this trаnsitiоn in thе соntеxt оf Uzbеkistаn, fосusing оn сrеаting nеw jоbs аnd еnsuring еnvirоnmеntаl sustаinаbility thrоugh nесеssаry роlitiсаl аnd есоnоmiс аррrоасhеs. Suссеssful imрlеmеntаtiоn оf thе grееn есоnоmy trаnsitiоn rеquirеs роlitiсаl will, intеrnаtiоnаl соореrаtiоn, finаnсiаl suрроrt, аnd thе рrеsеrvаtiоn оf sосiаl еquity. This рареr рrоvidеs thе sсiеntifiс аррrоасhеs nееdеd fоr еffесtivе mаnаgеmеnt оf thе grееn есоnоmy trаnsitiоn in соuntriеs.

In this article, the international standards of financial reporting and the importance of using these standards in the national accounting system, national and international standards accounting for inventory, the main differences between them, as well as the legal basis for organizing inventory accounting, the main tasks and where the importance of using international standards is analyzed.

The article examines the nature, causes and economic significance of employee turnover. The reasons for the increase in employee turnover in different regions of the world were studied and a comparative analysis of the situation in our country was conducted. Studies of the impact of employee turnover on the overall efficiency of an enterprise were summarized, and a mechanism for determining the costs that may arise due to turnover in various industries was developed. The reasons for the lack of official statistics on employee turnover in Uzbekistan were presented and theoretical solutions for its elimination were proposed. The factors influencing the growth or decrease in employee turnover were classified, and their impact on employee turnover was studied based on a moderation study.

This article analyzes the role of the IT sector in enhancing the competitiveness of the national economy under the conditions of globalization. Digital transformation is considered a key factor in economic modernization, export potential growth, and human capital development. The article examines current trends in the global IT market and highlights efforts to develop digital infrastructure in the Republic of Uzbekistan, particularly through the example of the Tashkent IT Park. Statistical data on the structure of ICT services, export volumes, and employment levels are presented. The importance of government support, investment in education, and the training of IT specialists is emphasized. In conclusion, strategic directions are proposed for developing a “knowledge economy” and integrating the IT sector into the global digital space. This article has been prepared within the framework of the scientific research project titled “Study of the prospects and challenges of liberalizing trade in services between Russia and Uzbekistan, as well as the development of recommendations for increasing its volume and mechanisms for achieving this goal”.

This article analyzes the issues related to increasing the efficiency of investments directed to Uzbekistan. The role of investments in the structure of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), their impact on economic growth, and their importance in economic diversification are examined. In addition, promising directions are proposed for improving the investment climate, effectively managing investment projects, and optimizing the economic outcomes derived from investments.

This scientific article discusses the concept of export and macroeconomic stability, their interrelationship. The factors influencing the increase in export potential and its role in the national economy of the country, practical and theoretical aspects of increasing export efficiency are considered. The article studies theoretical approaches related to the development of the export system in the economy.

This study explores the privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) through Initial Public Offerings (IPO) and Secondary Public Offerings (SPO), with a focus on Uzbekistan's evolving capital market. Drawing on international experiences from countries such as Korea, China, India, and Turkey, the research highlights how SOE listings can enhance corporate governance, attract foreign investment, increase transparency, and stimulate overall economic development. The article analyzes Uzbekistan’s current market environment, including government-led reforms, investor base limitations, weak listing infrastructure, and challenges in disclosure and corporate governance. While recent initiatives demonstrate a strong governmental push for IPOs of major SOEs, the study identifies systemic barriers such as insufficient institutional investors, underdeveloped underwriting practices, and a lack of market awareness among retail investors. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations, including phased IPO implementations, capacity building for investment banks, strengthening disclosure practices, and fostering public interest in equity investment. The findings aim to support Uzbekistan’s strategic transition from a state-led to a market-oriented economy through sustainable and well-managed privatization programs.

The transition of Uzbekistan’s economy to a digital format and the effective use of the advantages of innovative strategies in the development of industrial enterprises will enable Uzbekistan to reach a new level of socio-economic development and establish technological leadership in the global economy

This article analyzes the current state and trends of investment in tourism in Uzbekistan. The volumes and sources of investment in tourism, their role in developing tourism infrastructure and improving the quality of services are considered. Aspects such as domestic and foreign investment in the industry, government policy and the impact of economic factors on the tourism sector were also studied.

The article examines the current issues of improving the efficiency of managing the entrepreneurial activities of sports organizations in Uzbekistan. An economic mechanism is proposed, aimed at optimizing the processes of income generation, expense control, and enhancing the overall financial stability of a sports organization. The mechanism includes financial-economic, marketing, organizational-managerial, and control-analytical blocks. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism is demonstrated using the example of the "Lokomotiv" football club; its main sources of income and expenditure directions are analyzed, and target indicators for performance assessment are also proposed.

The article analyzes multidimensional poverty (MPI), the methodology of its definition, the level of poverty in Uzbekistan, and the current state. In the future, the country provides statistical data, conclusions on reforms aimed at improving the efficiency of economic activity, and the possibilities of implementing MPI.

Paper researches the concept of employment and structural changes in categories of economic activity, analyzes the indicators of the employed population in the formal and informal sectors by regions, and develops appropriate proposals and recommendations for eliminating factors leading to unemployment. The influence of these factors on the structure and composition of the employed population is the result of a person’s ability to work and his active participation in the production process, determined by his specialty and profession

This article is dedicated to the classification and analysis of factors influencing the management system of competitiveness in textile enterprises. It examines the key aspects of the management system necessary to improve the quality of products manufactured by enterprises in the textile industry and to ensure their competitiveness. As a solution to the issue, both internal and external factors are analyzed, including resources, innovation activities, strategic programs, and the significance of the management system, as well as the technologies and human resources required to enhance competitiveness.

This article analyzes the current state of tourism services export in the Republic of Uzbekistan using statistical methods. It examines export data from 2018 to 2024, focusing on key service types and regional trends. The results show that tourism services rank second among all service exports and are predominantly oriented toward neighboring CIS countries. The research employs SWOT, structural, comparative, and time–series analysis. Based on the findings, the paper presents recommendations to boost tourism exports by improving infrastructure, leveraging digital marketing, enhancing regional diversification, and utilizing informal institutions.

This article analyzes and studies the economic indicators of ensuring employment in the regions. The main focus is on the population growth rate and the number of applications submitted to employment support centers at the district level.

The article examines the processes and challenges of transitioning Uzbekistan’s banking system to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The adoption of these standards, which are critical in the context of global economic integration, ensures the transparency, comparability, and reliability of financial reporting. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the transition to IFRS is a vital component of economic reforms aimed at integrating banks into international financial markets and enhancing investor confidence. However, this process is accompanied by challenges, including the adaptation of the regulatory framework, training of qualified personnel, and development of information technology infrastructure. The article analyzes the key issues, challenges, and prospective solutions related to this transition.

In this article, based on the dynamics of electricity production and gross domestic product in the Republic of Uzbekistan, mathematical models were constructed for the period 2010-2023 and further until 2017. Forecast indicators for the period from 2024 to 2030 were determined. An econometric analysis of the impact of electricity production on GDP for the period under study was also conducted.

This article explores the features of maintaining synthetic and analytical accounting in microfinance institutions, focusing on their integration and existing practical challenges. The analysis of “IMKON FINANS”, “Vodiy Taraqqiyot” va “Biznes Finans” organizations illustrates current practices and provides recommendations for improvement. The study confirms the importance of integrating synthetic and analytical accounting for enhancing financial reporting quality and internal audit effectiveness.

This article reveals the theoretical foundations for the formation and functioning of logistics systems of organizations in the service sector of physical culture and sports in order to find the most effective management methods at the level of both a separate organization of physical culture and sports and on a national scale. The main definitions of the logistics system are presented.

This study explores how Islamic finance can be effectively introduced in non-Islamic economies, with a focus on Uzbekistan’s legal and economic environment. Through examining global models such as dual banking, hybrid systems, regulatory sandboxes, and institutional frameworks couple with case studies from the UK, Malaysia, Bahrain, Singapore, and Nigeria, the research highlights how diverse jurisdictions have adapted to Shariah-compliant finance. Using a qualitative methodology, it emphasizes the need for regulatory innovation and alignment with Islamic principles. The study offers policy recommendations to support inclusive, ethical, and sustainable financial development, positioning Islamic finance as a strategic tool for economic diversification in Uzbekistan.

This article presents a scientific analysis of the key factors and prospects for ensuring economic security in small business and private entrepreneurship activities. The article analyzes the necessary indicators for ensuring the economic security of small business entities, including financial stability, competitiveness, technological innovations, financial management systems, digital security, and market diversification. The research provides recommendations and prospects for enhancing economic security for small businesses.

This article analyzes the demographic impact of external labor migration on the population dynamics of Uzbekistan. Such factors as territorial imbalances arising as a result of migration, an increase in birth rates, and an increase in the working-age population were studied on the basis of statistical methods. The research results provide a scientific basis for determining the long-term demographic consequences of migration processes and the development of relevant policy decisions. The article is theoretically and practically relevant and serves to improve demographic policy.