The article outlines the evolutionary views of Uzbek ethnogenesis and ethnic history. Historical, ethnographical, archaeological, anthropological, linguistic scientific literature, their concepts and the methodology of historian scientists have not been studied in whole or in part on the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people. This scientific article is a scientific research, which explores the topic in detail and encourages to the scientific reasoning and research. The article reflects monographs, articles, published in various publications and press releases of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Particularly, scientific researches conducted by historians such as A. Yu. Yakubovsky, S. Tolstov, A. A. Semeyonov, B. A. Litvinsky, K. Sh. Shoniyazov, A. Askarov, Rakhim Masov and others, their views and its basis were given in the article. During years of the independence, scientists have conducted scientific research on the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people, its gradual intensification and prosperity. In the works of Jabborov new findings on ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people on the basis of written sources and partly archeological findings have been made. А. А. Askarov, T. K. Hodjaev and other’s works have studied not only ethnogenesis, but also ethnic history issues on the basis of archaeological and anthropological research. The research of Uzbek anthropologists enriched the ethnogenesis of Uzbeks and proved the truthfulness of the findings of historians, ethnographers and archeologists. This article demonstrates the objective approach in the coverage of the ethnogenesis of the Uzbek people can be clearly seen and their analysis is understandable.
The study of the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people began in the last quarter of the XIX century. In the twentieth century, many scientific researches have been conducted in this field. After the independence of Uzbekistan, the study of this topic has become a topical issue. In addition to ethnographic, archeological, anthropological, linguistic researches, the problems have been studied in the field of source studies. In the first years of independence, various scientific approaches to study ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people emerged. Researchers have abandoned the ideological stereotypes that prevailed in the Soviet era and conducted scientific research. The writing of historical works changed theoretically and methodologically, and began to write the history of the people objectively. The theoretical and methodological approach that emerged during the Soviet era and the use of published literature also continued. Source studies made researchs in the field of the history of the Turkic peoples, their historical formation, geographical location, ethnic
processes, the role of the Turkic peoples in public administration, socio-economic relations of
the Turkic peoples in the Middle Ages. Much attention was paid to highlighting the place of
the Turkic peoples in history. Ancient Arabic-Persian sources explored ethnic and ethno-
political processes in the Central Asian region. During the years of independence, the study
of ancient Chinese sources developed. In the ancient Chinese sources it has collected
information about the peoples of Central Asia. The names and location of the unknown Turkish tribes have been clarified. The literature published by the source scholar Ablat Khodjaev provided with new information on the history of the peoples of Central Asia in ancient Chinese sources. Researcher X.M.Mamadaliev studied the peoples of the region, ethnic processes in Central Asia in the IX-XII centuries, in particular, the formation of the ethnogenesis of the Uzbek people, the processes of statehood on the basis of Arabic sources. In recent years, Shamsiddin Kamoliddin interpreted the terms “Uzbek” and “Uzbekistan” in ancient Arabic-Persian sources. There are also articles about Uzbek tribes. During the years of independence, as a result of source studies, a number of scientific works, a small number of dissertations, many articles on the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people were published. A number of issues on the subject remained open. The article provides a systematic analysis of the study of this problem in source studies. The views and scientific approaches of source scholars on the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people are also covered.
In the modern world, along with the processes of globalization, the increasing permeability of the integration and communication processes of the post-industrial society, the problem of studying such a universal as national identity is growing. Global changes are accompanied by the separation of cultures and peoples, an increase in the negative impact on national identity, which causes the desire for cultural self-affirmation, the desire to preserve national values and state interests. Due to the threat of disappearance of the identity of the people, it becomes necessary to search for an updated approach to the preservation and representation of national identity. In this regard, there is a growing need for philosophical and methodological research aimed at identifying the features of national identity. The scientific article examines the formation of the methodological base and philosophical categories within the cultural tradition of the Japanese and Uzbek peoples. The significance of the research topic is determined by the dynamics of the development of the modern global world, integration processes, the growth of interaction and cooperation between different countries and regions, in such conditions, a rapid transformation of national identity is taking place.
Обобщение и анализ опыта проведения ПД у детей, родившихся доношенными и недоношенными с ОПП, поступивших в НДМЦ.
Landey is the most popular type of verbal lyric poetry of Afghan (Pashtun) people. This type of poem is so widespread among the people that it is impossible to imagine Pashtuns folklore without it. This two-dimensional rhythmic poem is known for its incredible shortness of expression, although it is well-known for its ability to express certain ideas and experiences in bright, magnificent artistic lines. The term “landey” is derived from pashtu (pashto, pakhta) word " ﺪﻨﻟ " ("land") with the meaning "short, small poetry". Landeys are anonymous and have their own poetry composition, composed of two unconformable compositions, but also preserved their originality in describing a wide range of topics, events, and lifestyle. Landey, as an example of collective work of the public, is often created by the fact, without any training, but at the same time comes from the bottom the heart, describes the beauty of the human’s heart, spreads rapidly among the public and is considered national value of Pashtun people. No other type of genre of folklore is popular and extensively used by ordinary people like landey. It is difficult to determine the total number of landeys spread among the Pashtuns. A great part of them has been written down and published by today. However, according to researchers, there are tens of thousands of such poetic miniatures in the memory of the people. More than 7,000 landeys in the "Pashto Songs", which have a relatively large collection of Landeys, have been collected. They are often the result of the art of expressive art (expromt) during singing. Sometimes it is formed during the confrontation between the two interlocutors or groups, when two loved persons talk about their emotions or when their perceptions are expressed in the song.
Russia and China are connected not only by a three-and-a-half-thousand-kilometer-long border, but also by mutually beneficial cooperation: political, economic, and cultural. Every year there is a growing interest in the Chinese language, respectively, and Chinese culture. A precedent phenomenon is an integral part of the culture of any country, creating an expressive characterization of a character or situation. Knowledge of precedent phenomena is an indicator of the literacy of a language personality. In this article, we will answer the question of what is a precedent phenomenon, and what is its significance in the language culture of a particular country. Consider the precedent phenomena from Chinese fairy tales, it is the fairy tale that helps to update the knowledge about the five-thousand-year-old culture of China. Let's analyze Chinese fairy tales for the presence of precedent phenomena. We will also analyze the jokes used in oral speech by modern Chinese, which contain precedent phenomena from the fairy tales, legends, and legends. Understanding fairy-tale stories, characters and situations helps to understand the way of thinking, beliefs, and values of the people. The fairy tale reflects the national specifics peculiar to the people. The value of a fairy tale lies in the fact that it, a fairy tale, is a carrier of national memory. Knowledge of the precedent phenomena of Chinese culture will help to study the culture of the middle state more deeply; it will facilitate communication. In the article, we give examples of precedent phenomena specific to the people of China, which reflect the national character. The analysis can be useful both in the study of Chinese culture, and to improve the quality of speech communication between native Chinese speakers and foreigners, as well as the effectiveness of learning Chinese by forming an understanding of precedent phenomena and ways of using them. Understanding the traditional culture of the Chinese nation through the study of precedent phenomena is ideal for improving the level of knowledge and understanding of the Chinese language, as well as Chinese culture for international students.
Subject of research: English and Uzbek compound words characterising appearance and character of the person in the belles-lettres texts.
Purpose of work: studying and revealing linguoculturological and gender features of compound words characterising appearance and character of the person in the literary text of the English and Uzbek languages.
Methods of research: a method of the componcntial analysis, contextual method, statistical method and method of linguocultural analysis.
The results obtained and their novelty: 1) the complex analysis of compound words expressing appearance and character of the person; has been attempted to analyse; 2) linguoculturological and gender essence of compound words characterising appearance and character of the person have been revealed; 3) a national-cultural specificity of compound words characterising appearance and character of the person has been considered; 4) compound words has been considered linguoculturcma; 5) the role of stylistic devices and metaphoric nominations of considered compound words in the research have been studied.
Practical value: results can be used in lecture courses on Lexicology, Stylistics, Comparative Typology, Linguoculturological Studies, in writing research works, text books and manuals.
Degree of embed: results of the research have been applied in the course of teaching of the following disciplines: Comparative Stylistics, Text Interpretation, Lexicology, Comparative Typology in the Uzbek State University of World Languages.
Field of application: General Linguistics, Stylistics, Comparative Linguistics, Cognitive Linguistics, Linguoculturology, Text Interpretation, Gcndcrlogy.
Статья раскрывает вопросы международных экономических отношений Республики Узбекистан, политику Узбекистана по развитию международного торгово-экономического сотрудничества, а также, экономические отношения Узбекистана и стран СНГ. Рассматриваются перспективы развития в долгосрочном периоде.
Показана рациональность использования ГИС-технологий в электроэнергетических системах. Приведены проблемы, задачи и обозначены пути взаимосвязанного развития ГИС-технологий и электроэнергетики. Обосновано использование ресурсосберегающих без механических передач электроприводов с линейным асинхронным двигателем технологического оборудования ГИС-технологий. Приведена упрощённая методика расчёта линейного асинхронного двигателя.