Алматы, 15-16 наурыз 2023 жыл Халықаралық ғылыми-практикалық конференцияның материалдар жинағы
645
MPHTИ: 619.5:616.054
Akramov K.Sh.
Veterinary Scientific-Research Institute
,
Samarkand, Uzbekistan
(E-mail:
POULTRY (CHICKENS) IN UZBEKISTAN'S SOUTH - WESTERN REGIONS:
HELMINTHS AND HELMINTHIOSES
Abstract.
This article contains information about helminthoses in poultry (chickens) and their
distribution in some districts of the Navoi and Bukhara regions, which are considered the south-
western regions of our country.
The researches were carried out in the irrigated districts of these regions with natural water
bodies, and fecal samples were taken from chickens raised in the direction of eggs, in households
and poultry farms, and examined by fyulleborn and serial washing methods.
Another important aspect of our research in these regions is that helminthological studies
have not been conducted on poultry (chickens) in these regions for many years, and the helminth
fauna of poultry (chickens) in these regions has not been studied.
In the article, the distribution of helminthosis of chickens (prostogonimosis, ascariasis,
heterokidosis, capillariosis, etc.), the extent and intensity of infestation among chickens is also
presented in the literature. As a result of the conducted research, the optimal periods of deworming
and prevention have also been determined.
Key words:
south - western regions, mountaineering, ascariasis, heterakidosis, kapillariosis,
sequential washing, Fyulleborn, helminthoovoscopy, helmintholarvoscopy, sedimentation, flotation.
Introduction.
The characteristic geographical and climatic features of Central Asia, in particular our
country-the fact that the spring and autumn months are somewhat warm and humid enough, and the
winter season is not too cold, and the occasional warm days in the winter months-create conditions
for the spread and development of helminthiasis [1,5,8,].
Development of the livestock industry in the republic, providing our people with high-
quality meat, milk, eggs and other products is an important task at the level of state policy, and their
implementation is under the constant attention of our government [1,2].
One of the urgent problems facing veterinary specialists is the development of highly
effective, affordable, and convenient treatment and preventive measures against them, taking into
account the prevalence of helminthiasis among livestock and poultry in our republic.
More than 30 helminthiases of poultry are now known to science, from which it is also
important to determine the distribution of species common in our country, which cause significant
economic damage to the poultry sector in climatic regions, which is one of the problems that needs
to be solved [2,3,5].
The main stages of conducting research in this direction are to identify the main
helminthiasis of poultry, to analyze the dynamics of damage depending on the storage conditions, to
create special and general preventive methods and tools aimed at preventing helminthiasis, and to
develop modern measures to combat helminthiasis [1,4,5,7].
The purpose of the study is.
The Republic's south-western regions-Navoi and Bukhara-consist in identifying
helminthiasis, which is common among poultry farms and poultry (chickens) raised in population
apartments.
Objects and methods of research.
Алматы, 15-16 наурыз 2023 жыл Халықаралық ғылыми-практикалық конференцияның материалдар жинағы
646
We carried out our research in the Navoi region's Navbahor and Kyzyltepa districts, as well
as in Bukhara's Shafirkon, Gijduvan, and Peshku districts, on population households as well as
chickens raised in poultry farms. Samples of fecal matter from chickens were examined using
helminthoovoscopic (Fyulleborn, serial washing) methods [3,4,7,8].
Research results.
In order to identify the main helminthiasis among poultry (chickens) in the south-western
regions in October 2022, in the Navoi and Bukhara regions, samples of fekali from 168 head
chickens were examined in flotation and sedimentation methods of helminthoovoscopy. The
epizootiological situation of helminthiasis in poultry (chicken) in the regions is reflected in the
tables and diagrams below.
Table 1 -
Extensoration of poultry (chickens) with helminthiasis in Navoi region,
helminthocoprological Based on checks (n = 76)
№
Names of
Regions
Tota
l hea
d c
ount
Helminthiasis
asker
idi
osis
he
ter
ac
idosi
s
ka
pil
lar
iasis
comm
on
lesions wit
h
he
lm
int
hoses
eymer
iosi
s
n=
%
n=
%
n=
%
n=
%
n=
%
1
Navbahor
district
34
4
11,8
-
-
3
8,8
6
17,6
-
-
2
Kyzyltepa
district
42
16
38,1
25
59,5
-
-
27
64,3
15
35,7
Total
76
20
26,3
25
32,9
3
3,9
33
43,4
15
19,7
In the Navoi region, 33 heads of 76 chickens examined in total were infected with
helminthiasis, i.e., 43.4% were infected with helminthiasis; 6 heads (17.6%) of a total of 34
chickens were infected with helminthiasis; 4 heads (11.8%) with chicken ascariasis; and 3 heads
(8.8%) with capillariosis. In studies carried out in the Kyzyltepa district, a total of 42 head of
chickens were examined using the above methods. According to research results, 27 heads
(64.3examined in total were infected with helminthiasis, i.e., 43.4% were infected with
helminthiasis; 6 heads (17.6%) of a total of 34 chickens were infected with helminthiasis; 4 heads
(11.8%) with chicken ascariasis; and 3 heads (8.8%) with capillariosis. In studies carried out in the
Kyzyltepa district, a total of 42 head of chickens were examined using the above methods.
According to research results, 27 heads (64.3%) of chickens were generally infected with helminths,
of which 16 heads (38.1%) were infected with ascariasis, 25 heads (59.5f 34 chickens were infected
with helminthiasis; 4 heads (11.8%) with chicken ascariasis; and 3 heads (8.8%) with capillariosis.
In studies carried out in the Kyzyltepa district, a total of 42 head of chickens were examined using
the above methods. According to research results, 27 heads (64.3%) of chickens were generally
infected with helminths, of which 16 heads (38.1%) were infected with ascariasis, 25 heads (59.5%)
had heteragidosis, and 15 heads (35.7%) had eimeriosis. Based on the findings of our previous
studies, it was discovered that the extent of seroconversion of chickens with heterakidosis is higher
in the region than in other helminths.
In our research carried out in Bukhara, Shafirkon, Gijduvan, and Peshko districts of the
Bukhara region, a total of 92 head chickens received samples of fekali and underwent
helminthoovarian examinations (2 tables).
According to the results of our studies, it was found that 46 heads (50.0%) of the 92
examined chickens were affected by ecstasy with helminthiases. Of the chickens examined, it
turned out that 25 heads (27.2%) were damaged by acaridiosis, 31 heads (33.7%) by heteracidosis,
and 16 heads (17.4%) by the causative agents of capillariosis.
Алматы, 15-16 наурыз 2023 жыл Халықаралық ғылыми-практикалық конференцияның материалдар жинағы
647
As a result of our research, it turned out that in Bukhara and Peshku districts, there were no
lesions with kapillariosis.
Table 2 -
Extensoration of helminthiasis in poultry (chickens) in the Bukhara region,
helminthocoprological Based on checks (n = 92)
№
Names of
Regions
Tota
l hea
d c
ount
Helminthiasis
asker
idi
osis
he
ter
ac
idosi
s
ka
pil
lar
iasis
comm
on
lesions wit
h
he
lm
int
hs
eymer
iosi
s
n=
%
n=
%
n=
%
n=
%
n=
%
1
Bukhara
district
20
3
15,0
2
10,0
-
-
5
25,0
-
-
2
Shafirkon
district
22
13
59,1
14
63,6
9
40,1
18
81,8
-
-
3
Gijduvan
district
20
5
25,0
5
25,0
7
35,0
11
55,0
-
-
4
Peshku district
30
4
13,3
10
33,3
-
-
12
40,0
5
16,7
Total
92
25
27,2
31
33,7
16
17,4
46
50,0
5
5,4
As a result of the studies carried out, it became known that eimeriosis among chickens was
also found, despite the fact that the climate of these regions is hot and dry.
Again, we should pay special attention to the fact that in the Bukhara region, it turned out
that the total extensor score of chickens with helminthiasis is higher than in the Navoi region.
In the districts of the south-western regions of our country, where research has been carried
out, we can see that 76 heads (45.2%) of 168 chickens are affected by helminthiasis in general.
Conclusions.
It was found that 79 heads (47.02 percent) of the 168 examined chickens were damaged by
helminthiasis in general. Among them, lesions with heteracidosis were at the highest level at 56
heads (33.3%), followed by ascariasis at 45 heads (26.7%), and lesions with capillariosis at 19
heads (11.3%).
In the course of research, it is advisable to develop modern measures aimed at the
prevention and treatment of detected helminthiasis, as well as to create mainly local antgelminth
agents and establish their large-scale use.
Gratitude.
I express my deep gratitude to the organizers of the conference for the rich and effective
program of the conference, high professional level and relevance of the proposed topics.
I would also like to express my gratitude to my mentors and production experts who have
closely supported my scientific work and created conditions for conducting my research.
References
1.
Джаббаров
Ш.А.
Гельминтозларга
қарши
кураш
чора-тадбирларининг
самарадорлиги ва уни ошириш йўллари. //Док. диссертацияси. 2017. – Б. 98-122.
2.
Джаббаров Ш.А., Акрамов К.Ш. Республикамизнинг шарқий географик-иқлим
минтақаларида паррандалар (товуқлар) гельминтозларининг тарқалиши // Ветеринария
медицинаси журнали. №7. Тошкент, 2022. 16-18 б.
3.
Орипов А.О., Давлатов Р.Б., Йўлдошев Н.Э. Ветеринария гельминтологияси. //
Ўқув қўлланма.Тошкент, 2016. 198-201 б.
Алматы, 15-16 наурыз 2023 жыл Халықаралық ғылыми-практикалық конференцияның материалдар жинағы
648
4.
Орипов А.О. Гельминтозларга қарши курашишнинг замонавий стратегияси, услуб
ва воситалари. // Ветеринария медицинаси журнали. №11. Тошкент, 2021. 17-19 б.
5.
Орипов А.О., Джаббаров Ш.А., Йўлдошев Н.Э. ва бошқалар Чорва молларининг
асосий гельминтозлари ва уларнинг турли вилоятларда тарқалиши // Ветеринария
медицинаси журнали. №7. Тошкент, 2022. 13-16 б.
6.
Орипов А.О., Ғафуров А.Ғ., Юлдашов Н.Е., Джаббаров Ш.А., Кайпанов М.Т.
Қорақалпоғистон Республикаси чорва молларининг гелминтозлари ва прапилазмидозларига
қарши даволаш профилактика чора-тадбирлари. //Зооветеринария журнали. №10. Тошкент,
2016. -Б19-23
7.
Орипов А.О., Йўлдошов Н.Е., Джаббаров Ш.А., Гелминтозларга қарши даволаш-
профилактика чора-тадбирлари бўйича тавсиялар// Тошкент-2015. 8-9. б.
8.
Никольский Я.Д. Методы качественного и количественного анализа для прижиз-
ненной диагностики гельминтозов мелкого рогатого скота. //Тр. УзНИВИ, т.14, 1961. –С.
153-159.
9. Кибакин В. «Основные гельминтозы кур и меры борьбы с ними в условиях
Алтайского края и Восточной Сибири» автореф. Д.в.н. Тюмень, 2005
10. Ксавьера Ф.Ч. «Паразитозы кур и разработка лечебно-профилактических
мероприятий в условиях крестьянскофермерских хозяйств Краснодарского края» Дисс. к.в.н.
Краснодар, 2021.
11. Davlatov R.B., Salimov X.S., Xudjamshukurov A. “Parrandalar kasalliklari” o‘quv
qo‘llanma. Samarqand, 2018. 44-55 b.
Акрамов Қ.А.
Ветеринария ғылыми-зерттеу институты, Самарқанд, Өзбекстан
(E-mail:
ҚҰС ЕТІНДЕГІ ГЕЛЬМИНТТЕР ЖӘНЕ ГЕЛЬМИНТОЗДАР (ШИЦЕНТТЕР)
ӨЗБЕКСТАННЫҢ ОҢТҮСТІК-БАТЫС ОБЛЫСТАРЫ
Аңдатпа
Бұл мақалада құстардың (тауықтардың) гельминтоздары және олардың еліміздің
оңтүстік-батыс аймақтары болып саналатын Науаи және Бұхара облыстарының кейбір
аудандарында таралуы туралы мәліметтер берілген.
Зерттеулер осы аймақтардың табиғи су қоймалары бар суармалы аймақтарында
жүргізіліп, жұмыртқа бағытында, фермалар мен құс фабрикаларында өсірілген тауықтардан
нәжіс сынамалары алынып, толық және сериялық жуу әдістерімен зерттелді.
Осы өңірлердегі біздің зерттеулеріміздің тағы бір маңызды тұсы – бұл аймақтардағы
құстардың (тауықтардың) гельминтологиялық зерттеулерінің ұзақ жылдар бойы
жүргізілмегендігі, бұл аймақтардағы құстардың (тауықтардың) гельминттік фаунасының
зерттелмегендігі.
Мақалада сонымен қатар әдебиеттерде тауықтардағы гельминтоздардың таралуы
(простогонимиоз, аскаридоз, гетерокидоз, капилляроз және т.б.), тауықтар арасындағы
инвазияның дәрежесі мен қарқындылығы берілген. Зерттеу нәтижесінде дегельминтизация
мен алдын алудың оңтайлы мерзімдері де анықталды.
Кілт сөздер:
оңтүстік - батыс аймақтар, биік таулы аймақтар, аскаридоз, гетерокидоз,
капилляроз, сериялық шаю, Фюллеборн, гельминто - овоскопия, гельминтолароскопия,
седиментация, флотация.
Акрамов К.А.
Научно-исследовательский институт ветеринарии,
Самарканд, Узбекистан
(E-mail:
Алматы, 15-16 наурыз 2023 жыл Халықаралық ғылыми-практикалық конференцияның материалдар жинағы
649
ГЕЛЬМИНТЫ И ГЕЛЬМИНТОЗЫ ДОМАШНЕЙ ПТИЦЫ (КУР) В
ЮГО-ЗАПАДНЫХ РАЙОНАХ УЗБЕКИСТАНА
Аннотация.
В данной статье приведены сведения о гельминтозах домашней птицы (кур) и их
распространении в некоторых районах Навоийской и Бухарской областей, которые
считаются юго-западными областями нашей страны.
Исследования проводились в орошаемых районах этих регионов с естественными
водоемами, а пробы фекалий брали у кур, выращиваемых в направлении яиц, в хозяйствах и
птицефабриках, и исследовали методами фюллеборна и серийной мойки.
Еще одним важным аспектом наших исследований в этих регионах является то, что
гельминтологические исследования домашней птицы (кур) в этих регионах не проводились в
течение многих лет, а гельминтофауна домашней птицы (кур) в этих регионах не изучалась.
В статье также в литературе представлены распространение гельминтозов кур
(простогонимоз, аскаридоз, гетерокидоз, капилляриоз и др.), степень и интенсивность
инвазии среди кур. В результате проведенных исследований также определены оптимальные
сроки дегельминтизации и профилактики.
Ключевые слова:
юго-западные регионы, высокогорье, аскаридоз, гетерокидоз,
капилляриоз,
серийное
промывание,
Фюллеборн,
гельминтоовоскопия,
гельминтоляроскопия, осаждение, флотация.
УДК 36.933.2.08242.612.017
Ата-Курбанов А.Э.
Научно-исследовательский институт каракулеводста и экологии пустынь,
г. Самарканд, Узбекистан
(Е-mail:
ПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ КАРАКУЛЬСКИХ ОВЕЦ ВО ВЗАИМО-
СВЯЗИ С УРОВНЕМ ИММУННОГО СТАТУСА
Аннотация.
В научной статье приведены данные по иммунологическим параметрам для комплекс-
ной оценки и отбора каракульских овец имеющих высокую иммунореактивность и продук-
тивный потенциал, а также представлены результаты данных по показателям живой массы и
настрига шерсти в зависимости от уровня естественной резистентности каракульских овец.
Ключевые слова:
каракульские овцы, уровень иммунного статуса, иммунобиологиче-
ский контроль, иммунологические критерии, живая масса, шёрстная продуктивность.
Введение
В настоящее время в Республике Узбекистан одним из приоритетных направлений яв-
ляется разработка научных исследований по достижению продовольственной безопасности,
а также по производству экспортно-ориентированной продукции и сырья. Существенный
вклад по данному вопросу отводится каракулеводству, которая производит разнообразную
животноводческую продукцию – каракульские смушки различного ассортимента, мясо (ба-
ранину), ягнятину, овчины, грубую шерсть, сычуги и сырье для фармацевтической и биоло-
гической промышленности.
Аридные регионы Узбекистана, которые составляют более 22,5 млн. га общей земель-
ной площади, пригодны для выпаса только пустынно-пастбищных животных, из которых на
