Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
90
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This аrtiсle аnаlyzes the sрeсifiс сhаrасteristiсs of the саtegories of “Рedаgogy” sсienсe. Саtegories, сonсeрts аnd
exрlаnаtions of terms hаve been studied. The сlаssifiсаtion of рe The categories of the subject of pedagogy are also
characterized by social, philosophical, methodological, didactic, pedagogical, psychological, physiological, hygienic,
ideological, legal, economic, historical, theoretical, practical features.
KEYWORDS
“Pedagogy” science
,
Саtegories, concepts and explanations
.
INTRODUCTION
The social peculiarity of the pedagogical category
reflects the educational needs of each person, society
and
state.
For
example,
personality,
social
environment, society, socialization, socio-pedagogical
activity, social group, stratum, nationality, society,
state interests.
The philosophical feature of the pedagogical category
is to ensure the philosophical accuracy of the
interpretation of the concept. For example, objectivity,
specificity, practical applicability, historical context,
variability, theoretical foundations and cognitive
processes.
The methodological feature in the field of pedagogy
reflects the validity of the choice of methods,
techniques and means. For example, teaching
methods, educational tools, examples, methods,
teaching aids, rewards, stories, punishments,
conversations, etc.
Research Article
THE СONСEРT OF САTEGORY IN THE SСIENСE OF РEDАGOGY АND ITS
SРEСIFIСITY
Submission Date:
February 19, 2024,
Accepted Date:
February 24, 2024,
Published Date:
February 29, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volume04Issue02-17
Isаkulovа Nilufаr Jаnikulovnа
Doctor Of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijp
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
91
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The didactic essence of the pedagogical category
determines its compliance with educational norms and
principles. For example, the content of education,
forms of education, teaching methods, educational
tools,
pedagogical
process,
diagnostics
and
monitoring.
The psychological nature of the pedagogical category
is
based
on
scientific
conclusions
and
recommendations of psychological science. For
example, motive, image, personality, experience,
action, communication and relationships.
The physiological characteristics of the pedagogical
category is to take into account the physiological
characteristics of students of different ages, such as
childhood, student period, adolescence, working age,
old age, gerontology, anthropology, etc.
The hygienic feature of the pedagogical category is to
take into account the requirements of health care in
the educational process, including a healthy lifestyle,
hygienic education, cleanliness, medicine, physiology,
ergonomics, environmental aspects, humanism and
friendship ba.
The ideological peculiarity of this pedagogical category
is manifested in the introduction of the principles of
national independence for their implementation. This
includes ideology, idea, ideological principles, creative
and destructive ideas, and various aspects of human
thinking.
The economic nature of the pedagogy category
corresponds to the findings of educational
management and marketing research, including
economic behavior, culture, system, market economy,
education, frugality and family income.
The historical nature of the category of pedagogy,
taking into account the formation of its specific roots,
is important for determining further development
paths, including generation, historical vandalism,
population, society, country, state, historical research
and analysis.
The technological feature of the pedagogical category
relates to the organization, design and technology of
the educational process, including pedagogical
technology, design, planning, stages of technology,
innovative technology logic, classification, educational
project and case technology.
These categories emdiv the experience and activities
of many generations of human society. If there were
no concepts and categories that reflect the results of
knowledge, then today we would not have knowledge.
Pedagogical categories are universal structures of
thinking that reflect the general connections,
properties and relationships that exist in educational
processes. The study of the categories of pedagogical
science allows us to determine the essential properties
and connections of science. The following suggestions
should be taken into account during the training
process:
understanding the content of categories of pedagogy;
use of classifications of categories of pedagogy;
search and creation of new categories of pedagogy.
The categories of the subject of pedagogy are also
characterized by social, philosophical, methodological,
didactic, pedagogical, psychological, physiological,
hygienic, ideological, legal, economic, historical,
theoretical, practical features .
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
92
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The social peculiarity of the pedagogical category
reflects the educational needs of each person, society
and
state.
For
example,
personality,
social
environment, society, socialization, socio-pedagogical
activity, social group, stratum, nationality, society,
state interests.
The philosophical feature of the pedagogical category
is to ensure the philosophical accuracy of the
interpretation of the concept. For example, objectivity,
specificity, practical applicability, historical context,
variability, theoretical foundations and cognitive
processes.
The methodological feature in the field of pedagogy
reflects the validity of the choice of methods,
techniques and means. For example, teaching
methods, educational tools, examples, methods,
teaching aids, rewards, stories, punishments,
conversations, etc.
The didactic essence of the pedagogical category
determines its compliance with educational norms and
principles. For example, the content of education,
forms of education, teaching methods, educational
tools,
pedagogical
process,
diagnostics
and
monitoring.
The psychological nature of the pedagogical category
is
based
on
scientific
conclusions
and
recommendations of psychological science. For
example, motive, image, personality, experience,
action, communication and relationships.
The physiological characteristics of the pedagogical
category is to take into account the physiological
characteristics of students of different ages, such as
childhood, student period, adolescence, working age,
old age, gerontology, anthropology, etc.
The hygienic feature of the pedagogical category is to
take into account the requirements of health care in
the educational process, including a healthy lifestyle,
hygienic education, cleanliness, medicine, physiology,
ergonomics, environmental aspects, humanism and
friendship ba.
The ideological peculiarity of this pedagogical category
is manifested in the introduction of the principles of
national independence for their implementation. This
includes ideology, idea, ideological principles, creative
and destructive ideas, and various aspects of human
thinking.
The economic nature of the pedagogy category
corresponds to the findings of educational
management and marketing research, including
economic behavior, culture, system, market economy,
education, frugality and family income.
The historical nature of the category of pedagogy,
taking into account the formation of its specific roots,
is important for determining further development
paths, including generation, historical vandalism,
population, society, country, state, historical research
and analysis.
The technological feature of the pedagogical category
relates to the organization, design and technology of
the educational process, including pedagogical
technology, design, planning, stages of technology,
innovative technology logic, classification, educational
project and case technology.
These categories emdiv the experience and activities
of many generations of human society. If there were
no concepts and categories that reflect the results of
knowledge, then today we would not have knowledge.
Pedagogical categories are universal structures of
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
93
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
thinking that reflect the general connections,
properties and relationships that exist in educational
processes. The study of the categories of pedagogical
science allows us to determine the essential properties
and connections of science. The following suggestions
should be taken into account during the training
process:
understanding the content of categories of pedagogy;
use of classifications of categories of pedagogy;
search and creation of new categories of pedagogy.
The categories of the subject of pedagogy are also
characterized by social, philosophical, methodological,
didactic, pedagogical, psychological, physiological,
hygienic, ideological, legal, economic, historical,
theoretical, practical features .
The social peculiarity of the pedagogical category
reflects the educational needs of each person, society
and
state.
For
example,
personality,
social
environment, society, socialization, socio-pedagogical
activity, social group, stratum, nationality, society,
state interests.
The philosophical feature of the pedagogical category
is to ensure the philosophical accuracy of the
interpretation of the concept. For example, objectivity,
specificity, practical applicability, historical context,
variability, theoretical foundations and cognitive
processes.
The methodological feature in the field of pedagogy
reflects the validity of the choice of methods,
techniques and means. For example, teaching
methods, educational tools, examples, methods,
teaching aids, rewards, stories, punishments,
conversations, etc.
The didactic essence of the pedagogical category
determines its compliance with educational norms and
principles. For example, the content of education,
forms of education, teaching methods, educational
tools,
pedagogical
process,
diagnostics
and
monitoring.
The psychological nature of the pedagogical category
is
based
on
scientific
conclusions
and
recommendations of psychological science. For
example, motive, image, personality, experience,
action, communication and relationships.
The physiological characteristics of the pedagogical
category is to take into account the physiological
characteristics of students of different ages, such as
childhood, student period, adolescence, working age,
old age, gerontology, anthropology, etc.
The hygienic feature of the pedagogical category is to
take into account the requirements of health care in
the educational process, including a healthy lifestyle,
hygienic education, cleanliness, medicine, physiology,
ergonomics, environmental aspects, humanism and
friendship ba.
The ideological peculiarity of this pedagogical category
is manifested in the introduction of the principles of
national independence for their implementation. This
includes ideology, idea, ideological principles, creative
and destructive ideas, and various aspects of human
thinking.
The economic nature of the pedagogy category
corresponds to the findings of educational
management and marketing research, including
economic behavior, culture, system, market economy,
education, frugality and family income.
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
94
International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The historical nature of the category of pedagogy,
taking into account the formation of its specific roots,
is important for determining further development
paths, including generation, historical vandalism,
population, society, country, state, historical research
and analysis.
The technological feature of the pedagogical category
relates to the organization, design and technology of
the educational process, including pedagogical
technology, design, planning, stages of technology,
innovative technology logic, classification, educational
project and case technology.
These categories emdiv the experience and activities
of many generations of human society. If there were
no concepts and categories that reflect the results of
knowledge, then today we would not have knowledge.
Pedagogical categories are universal structures of
thinking that reflect the general connections,
properties and relationships that exist in educational
processes. The study of the categories of pedagogical
science allows us to determine the essential properties
and connections of science. The following suggestions
should be taken into account during the training
process:
understanding the content of categories of pedagogy;
use of classifications of categories of pedagogy;
search and creation of new categories of
pedagogy.dаgogiс саtegories is given. Рedаgogiсаl
саtegories аre divided into theoretiсаl саtegories,
emрiriсаl
саtegories,
intersubjeсt
саtegories,
integrаtive саtegories, interdisсiрlinаry саtegories,
generаl саtegories.
Key words: саtegory, сonсeрt, term, theoretiсаl
саtegories,
emрiriсаl
саtegories,
intersubjeсt
саtegories, integrаtive саtegories, interdisсiрlinаry
саtegories, generаl саtegories.
Currently, the concept of “pedagogy” relates to the
entire system of pedagogical sciences, in which
categories occupy a central place. Meanwhile, the
analysis of the categories of pedagogy requires a
preliminary clear definition of their definitions.
Category (translated from Greek “indication”,
“evidence”, “concept”) is a basic concept in pedagogy
and reflects the features, content of pedagogical
processes, the relationship between the individual and
society, the individual and the group, the individual and
the collective tive, education and upbringing, spiritual,
moral, aesthetic, economic and environmental aspects
of pedagogical science [3, p. 27].
The basis of pedagogy, like any other science, is a set
of categories and concepts that define its subject.
About the “concept” it is said that this is “a form of
thought that generally reflects objects and
phenomena by fixing their essential properties.” Thus,
in pedagogical science, the concept denotes a form of
scientific knowledge that reveals the essence of a
cognizable object and phenomenon (relating to the
pedagogical process) and has the form of a law, rule,
conclusion, generalization [5].
According to Kh. Ibraimov, M. Kuranov, pedagogy is a
humanities science that studies the problems of
upbringing and education, systematizing knowledge
about the relationship between society and the
individual. Pedagogy also deals with general issues of
modern science and methodology: history and
development of science; basic concepts of science; its
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
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International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
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2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
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P
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:
90-109
SJIF
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
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)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
basic concepts; current problems of modern science
[3, p. 27].
In the educational and methodological complex in the
discipline “General Pedagogy”, created by A. Askarov,
Z. Akhrorova, E. Ruzimatov, Sh. Sadykova, U. Sodikov,
pedagogy is considered as a branch of science that
studies the holistic process of learning and nutrition.
Since pedagogical science focuses on two important
aspects of personal development - its teaching and
upbringing, didactics (learning theory) and upbringing
theory are its important components. The object of
pedagogical science is considered to be a holistic
pedagogical process. The subject of pedagogical
science is: the educational process, its content,
patterns, principles, forms, methods and means [2, p.
21-22].
The concept of a category is general and fundamental;
it serves as a reflection of the most significant
properties, connections and relationships of any real
phenomenon. The formulation of a concept means the
definition of its main general and specific essential
features. Pedagogy combines many concepts and
categories expressed in terms. Let us recall that a term
is a word that gives a precise definition of a concept. In
scientific terminology, accuracy, unambiguity, brevity,
certainty and consistency are adhered to. However,
this cannot be said about all pedagogical terminology,
which is constantly updated, supplemented and
clarified, achieving perfection [5].
Pedagogical categories are understood as basic
pedagogical concepts that represent scientific
generalizations. These are the most general and
meaningful concepts that reflect the essence of
science and its certain characteristics. In every science,
categories play an important role, permeating all
scientific knowledge and combining them into a
holistic system. In the field of pedagogy, there are
many aspects to describe its conceptual and
categorical apparatus. It should be noted that at the
center of all pedagogical knowledge is the personality,
or more precisely, the processes influencing its
development [4].
In the scientific literature there are various definitions
of pedagogical categories and concepts (Table 1). The
category denotes a judgment, a definition. The
categories include the most capacious and general
concepts that reflect the essence of science, its
established and typical properties. In any science,
categories play a leading role, permeating all scientific
knowledge and, as it were, linking it into an integral
system. A concept is a form of scientific knowledge
that reflects an objective being in things and
phenomena, fixed by special terms [6].
In the explanatory dictionary of the Uzbek language,
the concept of “category” has the following meanings:
1. A general concept denoting the most important
properties and connections of objects and phenomena
in the material world. For example, the category of
time, the category of causality.
2. Unity of objects, phenomena, type, genus, group of
persons, levels with the commonality of certain
characteristics.
3. In scientific terminology
–
a concept denoting types
of objects or their general characteristics [10, p. 332].
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
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International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
–
2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Table 1
Various definitions of pedagogical categories and concepts
Pedagogical
categories
Scientists
BEZRUKOVA
V.S.
KHARLAMOV
I.F.
BABANSKY Y.K.
ILINA T.A.
Podlasy I.P.
SELIVANOV
V.S.
Parenting
This is the
process
of
transferring
experience
from
one
generation to
another and
its
assimilation,
ensuring
human
development.
In a broader
sense,
this
concept covers
mastery of the
entire complex
of
social
experience,
including
knowledge,
methods
of
creative activity
and
social
relationships. In
a narrow sense,
it involves the
formation
of
ideal
social,
moral
and
aesthetic
relations.
In a broader
context,
this
phenomenon is
a process and
result
of
personality
development in
conditions
of
targeted
training
and
education. In a
narrow
pedagogical
sense, this is a
process and the
result
of
a
purposeful
influence on the
development of
an individual.
In a broader
context,
it
covers
the
impact of all
social forces.
In a narrow
sense, it is
synonymous
with
educational
work.
Educational
work is a
specially
organized
pedagogical
activity
outside
of
school hours,
aimed
at
developing
certain
Purposeful and
organized
process
of
personality
formation
The process
of purposeful
personality
formation
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
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International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
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2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
personality
traits
in
students.
Education
this
is
a
specially
organized
system
of
external
conditions
created
in
society
for
human
development
mastery
of
memory,
methods
of
creative activity,
worldview ideas
The process and
result
of
students
mastering
a
system
of
scientific
knowledge and
cognitive skills,
forming
a
worldview
on
its basis and
developing
their
creative
abilities.
The process
and result of
not
only
learning, but
also
self-
education, as
well
as
exposure to
the media, as
a result of
which
a
person
acquires and
develops
The result of
learning in the
literal sense is
the formation
of
complete
ideas about the
subjects being
studied.
Education is a
complex
of
systematized
knowledge,
abilities, skills
and ways of
This is the
process and
result of the
assimilation
of
systematized
knowledge,
skills
and
abilities, the
acquisition of
certain
cultural
baggage.
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
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04
ISSUE
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P
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:
90-109
SJIF
I
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FACTOR
(2021:
5.
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)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Teaching plays a
fundamental
role
in
the
implementation
of education.
cognitive
skills.
thinking
that
the
learner
masters.
Training
the process of
direct
transmission
and reception
of
the
experience of
generations in
the
interaction of
the
teacher
and students
a
purposeful
process
of
interaction
between
teacher
and
students
A purposeful
process
of
interaction
between
a
teacher and a
student,
within
the
framework of
which
education,
upbringing
and human
development
are
carried
out.
A
specially
organized,
purposeful and
managed
process
of
interaction
between
teachers
and
students,
aimed
at
mastering
knowledge,
skills, abilities,
shaping
a
worldview,
developing the
intellectual
strength
and
potential
of
students,
consolidating
self-education
skills
in
A
mutual
process
of
joint,
purposeful
activities
of
students and
teachers
to
acquire
systematized
knowledge,
skills
and
abilities.
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
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International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
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2771-2281)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
accordance
with the goals.
Development
This
phenomenon
is an objective
process
of
internal
sequential
dynamics,
accompanied
by
quantitative
and
qualitative
changes in the
physical and
spiritual
Development is
the relationship
between
quantitative and
qualitative
changes
occurring
in
human
consciousness,
internal
dynamics
that
covers
both
quantitative and
qualitative
transformations.
The formation
of personality is
a
complex
process
influenced
by
external
and
internal factors,
which can be
controlled
or
uncontrollable,
social
or
natural.
This
process
includes
mental,
The extensive
process
of
formation
and
development
of
personality
under
the
influence of
external and
internal
factors
becomes
important,
and training
the
process
and result of
quantitative
and qualitative
changes in the
human div
Volume 04 Issue 02-2024
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International Journal of Pedagogics
(ISSN
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VOLUME
04
ISSUE
02
P
AGES
:
90-109
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
676
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
forces of a
person.
physical
and
general aspects.
and
education
play
a
fundamental
role in this
process.
Formation
acts as a result
of
personality
development
and means its
formation,
transformation
of a set of
properties
The formation
of personality is
the process and
result of its
development,
formed under
the influence of
education and
upbringing.
The unique
nature
of
personality
development
in the course
of its life and
the impact of
special
educational
influences.
The process of
formation of an
individual as a
social
being
under
the
influence of all
possible
factors,
including
environmental,
social,
economic,
ideological,
psychological
and others.
Categories in the explanatory dictionary of philosophy
(translated
from
Greek
“category”
-
sign,
interpretation) represent an extremely important
perception for philosophical thinking of the general
aspects
inherent
in
change,
development,
interconnection and inextricable connection in the
world; the most general concepts that form the basis
of cognition, denoting identity, similarity and
difference, stability and variability of objects and
phenomena. It is known that each science differs from
another depending on the nature of its object of study
and the specifics of the system used in it. And the
system of concepts indicates the stages of formation
and development of each science [9, p. 193].
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Scientific categories are general, fundamental
concepts that express the forms and organizational
principles of scientific thinking. A system of scientific
categories or categorical structure is a network of
basic concepts of scientific thinking, their stable
configuration and relationship in which changes in
some elements lead to changes in others [7].
From the above definitions it is clear that the category
is perceived as a concept, a term. The meaning of
“concept” has found its expression in the explanatory
dictionary of the Uzbek language as follows:
1. A general concept that generally reflects logically
isolated,
essential
features,
connections
and
relationships of objects and phenomena; form of
thinking. For example, the concept of categories of
words, the concept of matter.
2. In general, this is an idea of objects, phenomena,
understanding. For example, new people of a new time
come to the village and.. they bring a new name, a new
understanding (P. Tursun, Teacher).
3. Level of consciousness. For example, political
consciousness.
4. The level of knowledge and imagination of a person.
For example, a person with a low level of
understanding [11].
The word term (from the Latin terminus - limit) should
be understood as a word or phrase that is a clear and
stable expression of a certain concept specific to the
field of science, technology, profession. For example,
botanical terms, jewelry terms, etc. [11, p. 222].
Among the key pedagogical categories are: education,
training, upbringing, development, socialization,
pedagogical system, educational process, pedagogical
activity, pedagogical interaction, pedagogical task,
educational technology (Fig. 1) [4].
Rice. 1. Categories of pedagogy
In addition, among the key categories of pedagogy, such aspects as upbringing, knowledge, skills, abilities,
information, mastery, personality traits, evolution, pedagogical work, educational process, cognition, training,
teaching and educational methods, principles, etc. are highlighted (Fig. 2):
education
upbringing
development
socialization
pedagogical
system
educational
process
pedagogical
activity
pedagogical
interaction
pedagogical
task
educational
technology
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Рис.2. Pedagogical categories
So, the category denotes the most important
properties of objects and phenomena in science, the
concept is the logical isolated essential characteristics
of objects and phenomena, and the term is a specific
expression of a certain concept inherent in a particular
professional field. Basic terms in the field of pedagogy,
reflecting scientific generalizations, are also commonly
called pedagogical categories. These categories
include upbringing, training and education. In addition,
in the field of our science, general scientific terms such
as development and formation are widely used [1].
The categorical apparatus of pedagogy is divided into
four groups:
1. Philosophical categories: These categories reflect the
most complete features and connections, features and
properties of reality. They contribute to the
understanding and reflection of the patterns and
trends in the development of pedagogy itself and that
part of reality that it studies.
2. General scientific categories: These categories are
common to many individual sciences, but differ from
philosophical categories.
3. Particular scientific categories: Personal concepts
within the framework of pedagogy.
Parenting
is the process of
developing mental maturity based
on the knowledge acquired by the
younger generation - expresses
the goal of forming a worldview,
human beliefs, duty and
responsibility, moral qualities
inherent in the people of our
society
Knowledge
is the
connection between the
parts that make up a
single whole, arising from
their internal
contradictions
Proficiency
is a component of
skill that is the ability to perform
specific parts of an action
incredibly quickly, accurately
and purposefully, and is a set of
actions that arise from repeated
repetitions of exercises
Skills -
the ability to
apply knowledge and
skills in different
situations
Information
is a div of
knowledge acquired and
systematized as a result of
upbringing, acquired skills
and abilities, in the process of
forming a worldview
Mastery
is the reliable, creative
use of various skills, as well as a
high level of professional skills
development and the absolute
goal of professional training
Personality -
awareness of oneself
as a member of society and the
objectivity of mental activity,
formed under the influence of the
biological, social environment and
targeted education in
communication
The pedagogical
environment
is a
complex of interpersonal
relationships built in
accordance with
educational goals
Activity
- an action aimed at
achieving a goal that meets
individual, group, national or
universal needs
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4. Categories borrowed from other sciences: Terms
brought from other areas of science [4] (Table 2):
table 2
Categorical apparatus of pedagogy
Philosophical
categories
General scientific categories
Private scientific
Categories
borrowed from
other sciences:
psychology
Socialization,
concept,
being,
phenomenon,
universal,
individual,
dilemma, source,
consequence,
potential, reality,
quality, quantity,
being, awareness,
law,
regularity,
practice, etc.
Exclusivity,
structure,
role,
component,
optimality,
state,
institution,
representation,
template, assumption, level, etc.
Pedagogical activity, education
system,
upbringing,
educational
process,
self-
education,
self-education,
teaching
activity,
learning
process, teaching (upbringing)
methodology,
educational
materials,
educational
situation, teacher, student,
teacher, student and other
relevant terms.
Perception,
assimilation,
intellectual
development,
memorization, skill,
mastery, cybernetics
- feedback, dynamic
system.
Let us present the classification of categories of
pedagogy as follows:
theoretical categories;
empirical categories;
historical categories;
interdisciplinary categories;
integrative categories;
cross-industry categories;
common categories.
Theoretical categories include such concepts as
personality,
activity,
pedagogical
environment,
pedagogical systems, upbringing, education and
training. Empirical categories consist of knowledge,
abilities, skills, education, development, socialization,
educational technology, self-education, self-education,
self-
study. Historical categories include such as “new
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teach
ing methods”, “teacher”, “talim tashkiloti”,
“student/pupil”,
“astronomy”.
Interdisciplinary
categories
include
education
(“philosophy”,
“pedagogy”, “psychology”, “history”), personality
(“philosophy”, “pedagogy”, “psychology”), activity
(“pedagogy”, “psychology”), training (“pedagogy”,
“psychology”,
“methodology”)
and
others.
Integrative categories are defined as categories of
disciplines, as well as modules of the category of
pedagogy. For example, categories such as education,
upbringing, personality, play, learning are present in
“Theory and History of Pedagogy”, “General
Pedagogy”,
“Children’s
Pedagogy”,
“Special
Pedagogy” and other pedagogical disciplines. Inter
-
industry categories are understood as categories that
are used in different industries. For example, the
categories of information, skills, and activities are used
in the field of medicine, technology, and art. Common
categories used in everyday life are represented by
pedagogical terms such as knowledge, learning
processes and the like.
As the categories of pedagogical sciences develop and
industries increase, the formation of categories is
observed as follows:
formation of the content of other categories arising
from one category;
assignment categories;
vocabulary categories.
Let us give the following examples of the formation of
the content of categories from one to another:
Personal categories include pupil, teacher, student,
member of society, citizen, leader, student, social
worker, etc.;
From the categories of skills, pedagogical skills,
professional skills, etc. are distinguished;
categories of activities include teaching activities,
gaming activities, educational activities, labor
activities, creative activities, practical activities, etc.;
The categories of environment include the pedagogical
environment, the social environment, the natural
environment, the environment of students, the
environment of teachers, etc.
The categories of assignment are: mastery, innovation,
modernization, education management, creativity,
competence, society, blended learning, case study,
webinars, moderator, tutor, supervisor, facilitation,
technology assessment.
Vocabulary categories include the educational process,
pedagogical
activity,
educational
technology,
pedagogical technologies, educational management,
pedagogical skill, professional knowledge, pedagogical
system, pedagogical task, principles education,
principles of education, forms of education, types of
education, etc. Based on the analysis of educational
literature We came to the conclusion that the
categories of each object represent a particular feature
in relation to the general. In pedagogy there are also
general and specific characteristics of categories, for
example, consider the category of education (Table 3):
Table 3
G
eneral and specific characteristics of the category “Education”
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General characteristics of the
category
Science/field
Specific characteristics of the
category
Education is a process conducted
under the guidance of specially
trained
people,
which
equips
students with knowledge, abilities
and skills, develops knowledge,
abilities, structures the worldview of
students
Deaf pedagogy
Educational - studies the features
of the development of deaf or
hard of hearing children, develops
the fundamentals of the structure
of a special educational process,
procedures for organizing special
educational institutions
Oligophrenopedagogy
Education - develops issues of
teaching
mentally
retarded
children
Typhlopedagogy
Education - develops issues of
training, education of blind and
visually impaired children and
their preparation for work
Analysis of categories for the following modules of science “General Pedagogy” (Table 4):
Table 4
Categories of modules “General pedagogy”
Module
Name of modules
Module categories
1-module
General pedagogy -
theory of education and
upbringing
pedagogy, pedagogical branches, knowledge, abilities, skills,
pedagogical system, methods of scientific and pedagogical
research, education system, modernization, teaching staff,
education management
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2-module
Education theory
education, education process, types of education, methods of
education and goals of the educational process, principles of
education
3-module
Theory of education
education, educational process, acquisition of knowledge,
lesson, academic discipline, principles of education, types of
education, form of education, methods of education
4-module
Sphere of practical
activity of social
pedagogy
social rehabilitation, social adaptation, society, social
protection, orphan child, physical disability, mental
retardation, mental retardation
5-module
Pedagogical correction
pedagogical diagnostics, structural diagnostics, system
diagnostics, correction, compensation, family education,
rehabilitation, inclusive education, children with special
educational needs
6-module
The concept of
deviation
deviation, rehabilitation, social rehabilitation, modern
prevention, personal prevention, public prevention, medical
prevention
7-module
Pedagogical
professional
competence and
pedagogical skill
pedagogical skill, professional knowledge, pedagogical
system, pedagogical task, competence
8-module
Educational innovations innovation,
innovation,
educational
technologies,
pedagogical technologies, modern education, innovative
education, interactive education, traditional education,
principles of pedagogical technologies, innovative activities
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9-module
Personality-oriented
educational
technologies
innovative education, collaborative learning, interactive
learning, distance learning, problem-based learning, project-
based learning, computer learning, developmental learning,
differentiated learning, modular learning, individual new
learning, self-education, programmed learning, gaming
technologies
10-module
Pedagogy of creative
thinking
creativity, creative orientation, erudition, reflection,
classification, periodization
11-module
Advanced foreign
experience
credit-modular system, blended learning, case study,
webinar lessons, heuristic methods, master classes, distance
learning,
moderator,
tutor,
supervisor,
facilitation,
assessment technologies, RIRLS, TIMSS, RISA, TALIS
The categories of the subject of pedagogy are also
characterized by social, philosophical, methodological,
didactic, pedagogical, psychological, physiological,
hygienic, ideological, legal, economic, historical,
theoretical, practical features.
The social peculiarity of the pedagogical category
reflects the educational needs of each person, society
and
state.
For
example,
personality,
social
environment, society, socialization, socio-pedagogical
activity, social group, stratum, nationality, society,
state interests.
The philosophical feature of the pedagogical category
is to ensure the philosophical accuracy of the
interpretation of the concept. For example, objectivity,
specificity, practical applicability, historical context,
variability, theoretical foundations and cognitive
processes.
The methodological feature in the field of pedagogy
reflects the validity of the choice of methods,
techniques and means. For example, teaching
methods, educational tools, examples, methods,
teaching aids, rewards, stories, punishments,
conversations, etc.
The didactic essence of the pedagogical category
determines its compliance with educational norms and
principles. For example, the content of education,
forms of education, teaching methods, educational
tools,
pedagogical
process,
diagnostics
and
monitoring.
The psychological nature of the pedagogical category
is
based
on
scientific
conclusions
and
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recommendations of psychological science. For
example, motive, image, personality, experience,
action, communication and relationships.
The physiological characteristics of the pedagogical
category is to take into account the physiological
characteristics of students of different ages, such as
childhood, student period, adolescence, working age,
old age, gerontology, anthropology, etc.
The hygienic feature of the pedagogical category is to
take into account the requirements of health care in
the educational process, including a healthy lifestyle,
hygienic education, cleanliness, medicine, physiology,
ergonomics, environmental aspects, humanism and
friendship ba.
The ideological peculiarity of this pedagogical category
is manifested in the introduction of the principles of
national independence for their implementation. This
includes ideology, idea, ideological principles, creative
and destructive ideas, and various aspects of human
thinking.
The economic nature of the pedagogy category
corresponds to the findings of educational
management and marketing research, including
economic behavior, culture, system, market economy,
education, frugality and family income.
The historical nature of the category of pedagogy,
taking into account the formation of its specific roots,
is important for determining further development
paths, including generation, historical vandalism,
population, society, country, state, historical research
and analysis.
The technological feature of the pedagogical category
relates to the organization, design and technology of
the educational process, including pedagogical
technology, design, planning, stages of technology,
innovative technology logic, classification, educational
project and case technology.
These categories emdiv the experience and activities
of many generations of human society. If there were
no concepts and categories that reflect the results of
knowledge, then today we would not have knowledge.
Pedagogical categories are universal structures of
thinking that reflect the general connections,
properties and relationships that exist in educational
processes. The study of the categories of pedagogical
science allows us to determine the essential properties
and connections of science. The following suggestions
should be taken into account during the training
process:
understanding the content of categories of pedagogy;
use of classifications of categories of pedagogy;
search and creation of new categories of pedagogy.
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