Том 3 № 51 (2024): Академические исследования в современной науке

This article explores the similarities and differences in the usage of prepositions in English and Russian. It examines the forms, functions, and grammatical nuances of prepositions in both languages, highlighting key challenges faced by learners. While English prepositions are invariant and often idiomatic, Russian prepositions are intricately linked to the case system, requiring a deeper understanding of grammatical structures. By providing a detailed comparison, the article aims to facilitate a better grasp of prepositional usage for language learners and linguists alike.

Kriptovalyutalar nisbatan yangi va rivojlanayotgan aktivlardan biri bo'lib, moliyaviy dunyoda tobora ko'proq e'tiborni jalb qilmoqda. Blockchain texnologiyalari va markazlashtirilmagan moliya vositalaridan foydalanish an'anaviy moliyaviy bozorlar uchun yangi imkoniyatlar va tahdidlarni keltirib chiqaradi. Maqolada kriptovalyutalarning zamonaviy moliya tizimiga ta'siri ko'rib chiqiladi va iqtisodiy jarayonlarning turli ishtirokchilari uchun ulardan foydalanishning xatarlari va foydalari aniqlanadi, shuningdek, kriptovalyuta davrida an'anaviy moliya tizimi duch keladigan tendentsiyalar va qiyinchiliklar tahlil qilinadi.

В статье автор раскрывает тему процесса развития сенсорной интеграции с точки зрения психофизиологии.

Ushbu maqolada bugungi kundagi eng dolzarb muommolardan biri talabalarning o’qitish jarayonida pedagogning o’rni, kompetensiyaviy yondashuvi ahamiyati, kompetentlik turlari. Pedagogning dars jarayonidagi ham ta’limiy va tarbiyaviy o’rni, amaliy ahamiyati va dolzarbligi haqida ma’lumot berilgan.

This article analyzes the importance and role of innovative pedagogical technologies in the educational process. Innovative technologies aim to make students' learning activities more effective, interactive, and engaging, incorporating modern methods such as computer and internet technologies, multimedia tools, virtual reality (VR), and gamification. The article also discusses blended learning and personalized learning processes for students, as well as the impact on the professional development of teachers. Additionally, the challenges faced in implementing innovative technologies in the education system are examined, including the lack of technical resources and issues related to teacher training. The article explores the opportunities for effectively applying innovative pedagogical technologies in education and presents key strategies for improving the quality of education through their use.

В данной статье исследованы комтозиты, модифицированные полипропиленом с минеральным наполнителем вермикулитом, и синтезирован новый тип полипропиленового композиционного материала. Изучены термогравиметрический и дифференциальный анализы синтезированного композиционного вещества.

This article explores the similarities and differences in the usage of prepositions in English and Russian. It examines the forms, functions, and grammatical nuances of prepositions in both languages, highlighting key challenges faced by learners. While English prepositions are invariant and often idiomatic, Russian prepositions are intricately linked to the case system, requiring a deeper understanding of grammatical structures. By providing a detailed comparison, the article aims to facilitate a better grasp of prepositional usage for language learners and linguists alike.

Online Teaching and Learning refers to education conducted over the Internet. Many colleges in the United States and abroad are transitioning from traditional face-to-face classes to fully online, web-based courses. Often referred to as web-based distance education, online learning is now considered the latest and most popular form of distance education. Recently, it has become an integral part of many university programs. This article provides a brief overview of online teaching and learning.

Quality assessment and monitoring systems are essential foundations designed to ensure the consistent delivery of high-quality products and services across various sectors such as healthcare, education, manufacturing, and technology. These systems encompass a range of methodologies and tools aimed at evaluating performance metrics, identifying areas for improvement, and ensuring compliance with established standards. The integration of data analysis and real-time monitoring technologies has revolutionized traditional approaches to quality assessment, enabling organizations to take proactive measures instead of reactive corrections.

In modern education, the use of didactic materials is essential for enhancing the quality of biology lessons. Didactic materials not only help students consolidate their knowledge and skills but also enable them to gain a deeper understanding of the subject and apply their learning in real-life situations. Biology, as a natural science, requires a balance between theoretical knowledge and practical application, and didactic materials serve as a bridge between these two aspects. This thesis explores the role of didactic materials in biology lessons, effective methods for their use, innovative approaches to improving lesson quality, and the integration of modern technologies into the teaching process.

This article discusses the role and importance of information technologies in improving the quality of education. It explores the application of information technologies in the educational process, their advantages, and their impact. The article examines how innovative approaches and methods in education can be used to enhance the quality of learning. By using information technologies, improving the quality of education not only makes teaching and learning processes more effective, but also provides new opportunities for both students and teachers.

this article analyzes the fundamentals of the use of precautions and the posessual tariff, what specific aspects exist for the use of the precaution, what is taken into account by the interrogator, investigator for the use of precautions and the precautions in contrast to other prosessual coercion measures and relying on the opinions of his lawyers.

Nowadays, mobile phones change our life significantly, they have become an integral part of modern life that helps to communicate with people even from long distance and accessing the information easily. Recent statistics claimed that there are about 7,21 billion smartphone users around the world, representing approximately 90% of the world’s total population. Mobile phones claimed that the most effective and communicative tools to have brought about development to every range of business or financial industry, according to Tom Standage, digital editor of the International Telecommunication Union.

Mazkur maqolada pedagogik jamoa ichidagi emotsional munosabatlarning ijtimoiy psixologik omillari tahlil qilinadi. Pedagogik jamoa o‘qituvchilar va boshqa ta’lim xodimlaridan iborat bo‘lib, ularning o‘zaro emotsional aloqalari ta’lim jarayonining samaradorligini, o‘quvchilarga nisbatan ta'sirni va umumiy pedagogik muhitni shakllantiradi. Maqolada pedagogik jamoada ijtimoiy psixologik omillarning (kommunikatsiya, motivatsiya, stress, konfliktlar) ahamiyati, shuningdek, ijobiy emotsional aloqalarni yaratishning usullari va metodlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari pedagogik jamoalarda emotsional salomatlikni qo‘llab-quvvatlashning ahamiyatini va bu jarayonni yaxshilash uchun zarur resurslarni belgilaydi.

This article delves into the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) tools on the field of English language teaching (ELT). It examines how AI-based platforms, such as chatbots, virtual tutors, and language learning apps, are reshaping traditional teaching methods by providing personalized, interactive, and efficient learning experiences. The article discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with incorporating AI into ELT, emphasizing the potential for enhancing student engagement, improving learning outcomes, and facilitating more flexible teaching environments.

Ushbu maqola xalqaro tajribani o‘rganish asosida kasbiy ta'lim tizimida texnologik innovatsiyalarni joriy etish masalalariga bag‘ishlangan. Unda turli mamlakatlarning ilg‘or tajribalari tahlil qilinib, raqamli texnologiyalar, virtual va qo‘shilgan reallik vositalarining o‘quv jarayonida qo‘llanishi o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, texnologik innovatsiyalarni joriy etishning afzalliklari, ularning talabalarning bilim va ko‘nikmalariga ta'siri hamda mavjud muammolar haqida fikr yuritiladi. Maqola davomida kasbiy ta'limning rivojlanishi uchun xalqaro hamkorlikning ahamiyati va texnologiyalarni muvaffaqiyatli joriy etish yo‘llari bo‘yicha tavsiyalar keltirilgan.

В статье рассматривается внедрение цифровых технологий в агроинженерию на юге Узбекистана, а также их влияние на повышение эффективности сельского хозяйства в регионе. Статья  включает использование систем точного земледелия, роботизации, автоматизации процессов, интернета вещей (IoT) и анализа больших данных.  Анализируются текущие достижения и проблемы, с которыми сталкивается аграрный сектор, такие как недостаток инфраструктуры, ограниченная цифровая грамотность и финансовые барьеры. Также рассматриваются перспективы дальнейшего развития цифровых технологий в аграрной сфере  Сурхандарьинской области, включая государственную поддержку, привлечение инвестиций и международное сотрудничество. Статья подчеркивает важность цифровизации для устойчивости и конкурентоспособности сельского хозяйства региона.

This article considers the concept of volleyball as a sport in a technical university. The main tasks and features of physical training, the principles of development of students' physical qualities while mastering the technique of playing volleyball. The development of students' personal qualities in the process of learning to play volleyball. Volleyball as a means of preparing students for production work.

The increasing demand for accessible and accurate drug information has highlighted the importance of effective drug search systems. These systems aim to provide users, including healthcare professionals and the general public, with real-time access to comprehensive pharmaceutical data. This paper explores the design and creation of a drug search system that integrates advanced technologies, such as machine learning and cloud computing, to enhance usability, scalability, and accessibility. Through a detailed examination of existing systems, challenges, and user requirements, the study presents a framework for developing a robust drug search platform.

Ushbu maqolada chuqur konlarda optimal transport vositalarini tanlash va qo‘llash masalalari o‘rganilgan. Turli tеxnologiyalar samaradorligi, iqtisodiy va еkologik jihatlari tahlil qilinib, еng maqbul variantlar tavsiya еtilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari kon sanoatida ishlab chiqarish samaradorligini oshirishga yordam bеradi.

Maqola Britaniyaning Entoni Charlz Linton Toni Bler boshqaruv davridagi Yevropa integratsiyasi jarayonlarida ishtirok etishining hozirgi va munozarali tajribasini siyosiy va tarixiy tahlil qilishga bag'ishlangan.  Muallifning fikricha, bugungi kunda ushbu davrda Yevropaning strategik yo‘nalishidagi muvaffaqiyatlar ham, mag‘lubiyatlar ham Buyuk Britaniyaning hozirgi xalqaro munosabatlar tizimidagi global roli haqida.

Agile методологиялари қурилиш лойиҳаларини концептуализация босқичидан қурилишни якунлашгача бўлган бошқаришнинг етакчи ва энг таъсирли стратегияларидан биридир. Кўпгина илғор тажрибалар турли хил тегишли соҳалардан келиб чиқади, масалан, Agile методологияси IT соҳасидан қурилиш саноатига келди. Agile лойиҳалар бир нечта манфаатдор томонлар, пудратчилар ва мижозлар/охирги фойдаланувчилар ўртасида ягона ҳамкорлик муҳитини яратиш орқали муваффақиятга эришиши мумкин, бу методология барча манфаатдор томонлар ўртасида биргаликда мақсадга эришишга қаратилган. Тадқиқот давомида мослашувчан лойиҳаларни бошқариш методологиясининг ўзига хос хусусиятлари кўриб чиқилди. Қурилиш лойиҳаларини бошқаришда Agile методологиясини жорий этиш орқали такомиллаштириш ва оптималлаштириш мумкин бўлган соҳа ва функциялар ҳам белгилаб берилган. Қурилиш компанияси фаолиятида Agile тамойилларидан фойдаланишнинг амалий жиҳатларига алоҳида эътибор қаратилади.

This thesis, titled "Contractual Relationships in Entrepreneurial Activities and Their Legislative Foundations," is dedicated to the analysis of contractual relationships—a fundamental element of entrepreneurial activity—and the legislative framework that governs them. With reforms aimed at improving the business environment and strengthening the economy within the Republic of Uzbekistan, contractual relationships have become an increasingly relevant topic. This work provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the concept of contractual relationships, their role and significance in entrepreneurial activities, and the principal legislations that regulate them.

According to the specified standard, separate financial statements are statements prepared by the parent company (i.e. the investor having control over the subsidiary) or the investor exercising joint control over the investee or having significant influence over it, in which investments are accounted for at cost or in accordance with IFRS (IFRS) 9 "Financial Instruments". Separate financial statements must be prepared in accordance with all applicable IFRS.

Peyorativ bahoning noverbal semiotik vositalar orqali global miqyosda tarqalishi, hozirgi davr axborotning yuqori tezlikda uzatilish jarayonlari bilan bevosita bog‘liqdir. Inson miyasi tomonidan vizual modalitativ signallarni qabul qilish va kognitiv qayta ishlash qobiliyati yuqori bo‘lganini inobatga olsak, grafik noverbal kodlar, ya’ni tasvirlar, ikonografik belgilar yoki piktogrammalar, semantik jihatdan katta miqdordagi ma’lumotni qisqa vaqt oralig‘ida dekodlashga imkon beradi.

Ўзбекистонда коррупцияга қарши курашнинг, хусусан автомобиль йўллари қурилиши соҳасидаги коррупциянинг олдини олиш ва унга қарши курашнинг ҳуқуқий асослари яратилган.

The application of Information Technologies (IT) in logistic systems has significantly transformed the management and optimization of logistics processes, including transportation, distribution, storage, and inventory management. This paper explores the key information technologies reshaping the logistics industry, focusing on their role in improving efficiency, customer satisfaction, and competitiveness, as well as their potential for future advancements in logistics operations.

Badiiy asar va uning qonuniyatlariga befarq bo`lmagan yunon faylasuflaridan biri Arastu ijod namunalarining barchasi o`xshatish (mimesis) san`atidan o`zga narsa emas; ular o`zaro uch jihatdan: (1) tasvirlashning turli vositalari bilan, (2) nima tasvirlanayotgani bilan, (3) rang-barang o`xshatish usullari bilan farqlanashi , haqida o`zining “Poetika” asarida yozib qoldirgan edi. Lirik asarlarni o`rganish jarayonida ularga xos spetsifistik xususiyat – kechinmaning asosiy tavsif markazida turishi bu turdagi barcha janrlarda umumiy  qonuniyat tarzida belgilanishiga guvoh bo`lamiz. Xususan, tavsifiy lirikaning faol yo`nalishlaridan sanalgan peyzaj lirikasi ijod jarayoni paydo bo`lgandan to bugungi kunga qadar, o`quvchiga estetik zavq berish barobarida lirik subyektning tabiat tasviri vositasida hissiy munosabatini ifodalash uchun ham xizmat qiladi.

Chronic nicotine poisoning leads to morphological changes in the gastric mucosa, including erosions, ulcers, hyperemia, and hypertrophy. Detoxification therapy has a positive impact on restoring the mucosal structure by reducing inflammation and eliminating pathological changes. This study examines the morphological changes in the gastric mucosa caused by chronic nicotine poisoning and the effectiveness of detoxification methods in treatment. The results showed significant improvement in the mucosal condition following detoxification therapy, confirming the importance of timely treatment in preventing chronic gastric diseases and improving patient outcomes.

Nowadays, in all sectors of human activity, in particular finance, economics, marketing, medicine and engineering the role of information is growing sharply, and this reason raises the demand for their effective manipulation, processing, and interpretation to study in various interests.

Инвестиционная деятельность предприятия заключается в процессе выбора и реализации оптимальных способов вложения капитала с целью увеличения его экономического потенциала. Для успешного осуществления этой деятельности рекомендуется разработка четкой инвестиционной политики. Инвестиционная политика играет ключевую роль в работе предприятия, вне зависимости от его размера, отрасли, организационно-правовой формы и других характеристик. В условиях современного развития любой экономики важно сформировать такую стратегию инвестирования, которая обеспечит долгосрочную эффективность деятельности предприятия.

The article examines the structural and phase changes in surface diffusion nitride-oxide coatings obtained during nitriding in a gas environment followed by oxidation of ferrite-pearlite steels in water vapor, as well as the influence of phase changes on the corrosion properties.

This article provides an overview of the modern methods employed in teaching English in Uzbekistan, focusing on recent educational reforms, innovative teaching practices, and ongoing challenges. It highlights the role of government initiatives, modern methodologies such as Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), and as well as CLIL. The study emphasizes the importance of continued investment in teacher training and infrastructure to ensure sustainable progress in English language education.

The concept of civil service employees' legal status is a cornerstone in effective public administration. This thesis explores the evolution of this legal status as an institution from ancient civilizations to modern practices. Drawing on historical insights from Byzantine legal foundations, Confucian ethics, and Islamic philosophy, it presents a comparative analysis of administrative systems. The discussion emphasizes the importance of legal guarantees, ethical norms, and professional requirements in shaping a sustainable and just governance model.

In this article, the literature on polypropylene modified with vermiculite mineral filler composites was studied and a new type of polypropylene composite material was synthesized. The ultraviolet analysis method of the synthesized composite material was studied.

Maqolada tarixda, bugun va kelajakda zamonaviy raqamli ta’limning koʻrinishlari texnalogiyalarning kelib, chiqishi tarixi hamda qulayliklari, qiyinchilik darajalari solishtirilgan. Masofaviy taʼlimda raqobat muhitini shakllantirish, shuningdek salomatlik fenomenini sifatli taʼlim bilan birga oʻstirish yuzasidan atroflicha nazariy tadqiqot olib boriladi.

Tilshunoslikda "ilova komponentli konstruktsiyalar" (yoki "komponentli ilovalar") atamasi ko'proq lingvistik va grammatik tuzilmalarni tushunish uchun ishlatiladi. Bu tuzilmalar, asosan, bir necha til komponentlaridan iborat bo'lib, o'zaro bog'langan va birgalikda ma'no hosil qiladigan elementlardir. Bu tuzilmalar tilning morfologiyasi, sintaksisi va semantikasiga tegishli bo'lib, tilshunoslikda muhim ahamiyatga ega.

Ushbu maqolada chiqindilar muammosi, turi va ularning inson salomatligiga qanday ta’sir qilishi, ularning zararli ta’sirini kamaytirish chora-tadbirlar va chiqindilarni boshqarishning ahamiyati to’g’risida ma’lumotlar berilgan.

Quadratic Sorting Algorithms Bubble Sort is a simple comparison-based sorting algorithm. It iterates through the list repeatedly, comparing adjacent elements and swapping them if they are not in the correct order. This process repeats until the list is sorted.

In the conditions of a market economy, the state has made every effort to develop the insurance system, creates a legal framework that facilitates the development of the insurance system, helps to find financial resources for the establishment of insurance companies, and carries out work related to licensing these companies.