The results of treatment of 367 patients operated on in the proctology department of the Samarkand State Medical University, clinic No 1 during 2015-2022 are reviewed in the article, among which patients with necrotic forms of the disease amounted to 26 (7.1%) patients. Among them 341 (92.9%) had aerobic etiology of peritoneal tissue lesions. The average age of the patients was 62.1±3.9 years.
X-Ray of (PNS) in standard projections was performed in all patients admitted to the clinic with suspected orbital complications of rhinosinusitis (except for small children under 3 years of age).CT data in establishing the final diagnosis of sinusitis were informative in 94.1% of cases. Ultrasound helped to reliably differentiate non-purulent and purulent inflammatory processes in the eyelids, as well as to determine with sufficient accuracy the presence of inflammatory changes in the region of the bony walls of the orbit and periosteum. According to clinical data, postseptal orbital complications of both purulent and non-purulent nature, such as phlegmon of the orbit and periostitis of the orbit, are the worst diagnosed by various specialists. These complications were revealed with instrumental methods of investigation (CT of the paranasal sinuses and orbit, ultrasound of the orbit).
The pathogenesis, clinic, and treatment of kidney damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are considered. It is noted that if at the beginning of the disease signs of kidney damage are present in 25-50% of SLE patients, then later they are detected in almost 60% of adults and 80% of children. Variants of kidney damage in SLE are described.
The pathogenesis of SLE is generally considered on the model of lupus nephritis. The morphological classification of lupus nephritis, features of the main nephrological syndromes, and clinical variants (active and inactive) are presented. It is indicated that the treatment strategy depends on the activity of the disease, the clinical and morphological variant of lupus nephritis.
Туберкулез - остается одним из смертоносных инфекционных заболевание в мире: по оценкам ВОЗ, в 2019 г. от туберкулеза умерло в общей сложности 1,4 миллиона человек. Но кроме этого, мы утрачиваем позиции в борьбе с устойчивыми формами туберкулеза.( WHO.2019.MDR-TB.Rx.Guidelines.prefmal.text)
Ўткир ичак инфекциялари муаммоси ҳозирги кунда ҳам педиатрия соҳасида муҳим ўрин тутиб келмоқда. Болаликнинг эрта даврида учраши, кенг тарқалганлиги, ўз кечими жараёнида оғир ва асоратли касаллик шаклларини ривожлантириши ва овқат ҳазм қилиш системасида турли хил инфекцион жараёнларни келтириб чиқариши билан алоҳида аҳамият касб этади (М.С.Григорович, Г.А.Зайцева, 2002й.)
Вирусли диареалар орасида Ротавирус инфекциясининг аҳамияти жуда катта (60-80%). Сўнгги йилларда ўткир ротавирусли ичак инфекцияси билан зарарланиш кескин даражада ортиб бормоқда. Яна шуни таъкидлаб ўтиш лозимки, касаллик асосан қишки-баҳорги мавсумда кўп учрайди (Л.Н.Мазанкова,Н.О.Ильина, О.А.Кондракова, А.М.Затевалов, 2005)
ЖССТ маълумотларига асосан денёда ҳар йили 1 млрд.га яқин диареяли касалликлар қайд қилинади ва ўшбу касалланганлардан 4 млн.га яқинида ўлим ҳолати қайд қилинади. Ўлганлар орасида 14 ёшгача бўлганлари 60 70% ни ташкил этади. Барча ўткир ичак инфекцияларининг 25% дан 60% гача бўлган миқдорини ротавирус инфекцияси чақиради. Ўткир ротавирусли диареядан эса, ҳар йили 2 млн.га яқин одам ўлади (М.И.Горбунова, Н.В.Тикунова, 2008й).
Ротавирусли инфекциянинг юқори контагиозлиги ва ташқи муҳитга чидамлилиги соғлиқни сақлаш муассасаларида катта муаммо туғдиради. Ривожланган мамлакатларда 27%, ривожланаётган мамлакатларда 32% гача касалхона ичида ротавирусли инфекциянинг беморлар орасида юқиши аниқлангани ҳақида маълумотлар бор. Янги туғилган чақалоқлар орасида симптомсиз кечиши ва 25% ҳолатларда саёҳатчилар касаллиги номини олади (А.Б.Горелов).
Ротавирус инфекцияси 5 ёшгача бўлган болалар орасида оғир диареяга сабаб бўлувчи асосий омил саналади ва натижада ривожланмаган давлатларда касалланиш ва ўлим сонини кўпайишига сабаб бўлади (Е.Т.Исакбаева,.Э.Мусабаев, Л.Антил, 2006).
Ҳозирги вақтда Россияда Ртоавирус инфекцияси билан касалланиш доимий ўсиб бормоқда. Бу эса инфекциянинг кенг тарқалганлиги ва патологиянинг ташхисотни анча ривожланганлини билан тушунтирилади (О.В.Тихомирова).
Ротавирус инфекцияси антгенлик хусусиятига кура 5 та гурух ва 9 та серотипларга ажратилади. Бу гурухлар орасида А гурухи ва биринчи тўртта серотипи аҳамият касб этади. 1-4,8,9 серотиплари инсонда касаллик чақиради, 5-7 серотиплари ҳайвонларда аниқланган ва одам учун патоген ҳисобланмайди (Ферьева).
Болаларда ротавирусли гастроэнтеритни эрта аниқланиши касалликни ўз вақтида ва тўғри даволаш (регидратацион, дезинтоксикацион, симптоматик даволаш) ва вируснинг тарқалиш даражасини камайтириш имконини беради. (А.Г. Боковой, Л.Г. Карпович, 2000й.). Касалликнинг давомийлиги ва оқибати ўз вақтида ва тўғри даволашга боғлиқ.
Вирус этиологияли диареяларга ташхис қўйишдаги энг муҳим хусусиятлардан бири бу осмотик турдаги диареядир ва бу ўз навбатида адекват даво чораларини талаб қилади.
Ҳозирги кунда фекаль-орал йўл билан юқувчи вирусли инфекциялар тарқалиши буйича ҳаво-томчи орқали юқувчи инфекциялардан кейинги ўринда туради. Барча касалликларнинг 16% ини ошқазон-ичак трактида вирусли диарея синдроми билан кечадиган касалликлар ташкил қилади. (Р.Х.Жўраев, Э.Т.Мусабоев 2006й.).
Ротавирусли гастроэнтерит касаллигини даволаш чора тадбирлари самарадорлигини ошириш учун жараённинг патогенезини, иммун системасининг айнан қайси қисмида ўзгариш кетаётганлигини билиш муҳим аҳамият касб этади. (М.С. Григорович, Ю.В. Залоторев, Г.А. Зайцева, 2001й.).
Болаларда ротавирусли гастроэнтерит микст шаклда ҳам кенг тарқалган.Ҳар бир микст шаклдаги инфекция келтириб чиқарадиган касалликнинг ўзига хос клиникаси мавжуд бўлиб, эрта ёшдаги болаларда моноинфекция шаклидан кескин фарқ қилади. Бу эса ёш болаларда микст ва моноинфекцион жараёнларни ўрганишда мақсадни тўғри қўйишни талаб қилади.
Клиник ташхисни тасдиқлаш учун ИФА усулида нажасда ротавирус антигенини аниқлаш, микст шаклида эса, нажасда ичакдаги патоген ва шартли- патоген микроорганизмларни бактериологик текширув орқали тасдиқлаш лозим бўлади (Ю.Б. Белан, Н.А. Полянский, 2008й.).
Сўнгги йиллардаги изланишлар шуни кўрсатмоқдаки вирус этиологияли ўткир ичак инфекцияларини клиник кечишида катарал ўзгаришлар аниқланмоқда ва бу ўзгаришларнинг 81,2% улуши ротавирус инфекциясига тегишлидир.(Т.А. Даминов; Л.Н. Туйчиев; Н.У. Таджиева, 2000й.)
Ротовирусли диарея синдроми кузатилган беморларда замонавий диагностика усулларидан фойдаланиб эрта ташҳис қўйиш, лаборатор кўрсаткичлар асосида сифатли ва ишончли маълумотлар олиш борасида услубий тавсиянома ишлаб чиқиш ва амалиётга жорий этиш катта аҳамиятга эгадир.
Purpose of research. To study visual function of disorders in patients with orbital wall fracture depending on their localization. Material and methods. Analysis of a comprehensive clinical examination of 62 patients aged 16 to 60 years, with cranioorbital injury, who were on inpatient treatment in the departments of Maxillofacial surgery of the dental clinic of the Tashkent State Dental Institute and 2 clinics of the Tashkent medical Academy were studied. Results and discussions. A comprehensive survey of patients allowed us to exclude the presence of pathology of the organ of vision trauma of the orbit, combined with traumatic brain injury of mild severity, which should ensure an objective approach in qualifying the severity of the injury. Reconstructive operations in the early period of craniocerebral trauma can achieve regression of oculomotor disorders in 98.4%, dystopia of the eyeball-in 82.5%, diplopia-in 86.5% and get good cosmetic outcomes.
The problem of the development of polyhydramnios is relevant in connection with the complications of pregnancy and childbirth, both for the mother and for the fetus. One of the most dangerous complications is hypotonic bleeding in the postpartum period, which leads to an increase in maternal morbidity and mortality. Among the causes of bleeding, polyhydramnios, the frequency of which reaches 1–8% of the total pool of pregnant women, occupies one of the leading positions. The aim of the study was to study the features of the clinic and the morphological structure of the uterine wall in polyhydramnios of varying severity. All this dictates the need to improve ways to prevent hypotonic postpartum bleeding in women with polyhydramnios.
Ischemic stroke is a serious medical and social issue due to deep and prolonged disability, as well as social maladjustment of patients. In this regard, the aim of the research was to study the influence of pathogenetic subtypes of ischemic stroke on the rehabilitation possibilities.
Based on the presence of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) we divided all patients into 2 groups
Patients with IS in VI (Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency) and COPD - 62 people (group I) - 29 men and 33 women aged 50 to 74 (59.8 ± 5.8). Patients with IS in VI - 64 people (group II). Of these, 31 are men and 33 are women aged 51 to 80 (62.4 ± 5.4). All patients received traditional treatment in the most acute and severe periods of IS, patients with COPD received and treatment for COPD simultaneously with traditional IS therapy. The Barthel index was used to assess the patient's self-care capabilities. The degree of disability after IS was studied using the Rankin scale. In patients of subgroup II b, by the end of the ED (Eating Disorders), the indicators of the Lindmark B scale for the patient's general mobility differed significantly from the baseline at the beginning of the ED (p = 0.44). At that time, in the II a subgroup, only the indicators of the B. Lindmark scale were reliable.
In patients of subgroup II b, the difference in indicators at the beginning and at the end of ED was significant according to the Barthel index. Recovery in ED depends on many factors, including the subtype of IS, so the IS CE is the most severe, which is reflected in the Rankin scale. The timing and extent of patient recovery depends on the localization of the process, the subtype of IS, the presence of COPD, and the method of rehabilitation. Patients with the lacunar subtype, a single small or medium focus in the cerebellar hemispheres and midbrain recover most fully after complex rehabilitation.
ARI-associated bronchopneumonia is a common clinical problem faced by doctors around the world. A feature of bronchopneumonia against the background of ARI in pregnant women is the atypical nature of the clinic. Based on this, we set a goal for ourselves: to determine the role of bronchopneumonia in the development of obstetric complications, depending on the severity of thedisease and the gestational age. The structure and frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications depended on the gestational age in which the BP was happened:
For studying reactance of an organism at various forms nephrotuberculosis, 237 patients have been twisted to complex clinic
- laboratory inspection. With the purpose of revealing of different combinations of genetic markers defined phenotypes haptoglobin, activity erythrocytes glucose -6 phosphatedehidrogenese, type inactivation (HINA). On combinations of a complex of these genetic markers defined 4 combinations of genetic markers: adverse, favorable, rather adverse and rather
favorable. Researches have shown high frequency of the widespread forms nephrotuberculosis at persons with adverse and rather adverse combinations of genetic markers. Definition on combination with chronic renal insufficiency of different combinations of genetic markers can be used for revealing groups of risk on the given disease
The article presents a clinical case of observation of the reactive course of the
postoperative period in a child with a combined injury of the eyeball, who was on inpatient treatment
in the department of ophthalmology of the clinic of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute. The
results of the study showed: adequate specialized surgical treatment of combined eye trauma in
combination with intensive therapy allowed to stop the exudative process in the eye chambers, in the
vitreous body, which allowed to stabilize the reactive course of the postoperative period, preserve the
eye as a functional organ and prevent the development of post-traumatic uveitis.