Objects of researches were the professional sportsmen who are training in the sportcomplexes of Tashkent, experimental animals. A subject of researches: optimisation of a nutrition of professional sportsmen and protection of their health at the strengthened physical, mental and thermal influence.
The work purpose: development of scientific bases of a balanced diet of professional sportsmen in the conditions of the republic Uzbekistan.
Research methods: hygienic, medical and biologic, biochemical, chemical, statistical methods of researches and questioning are used.
The received results and their novelty: are defined requirements for the basic food substances and energy of professional sportsmen RUz depending on professional skill, puberty groups, kinds of sports, climatic conditions and national features of a food defined which have not been defined earlier. Factors of physical activity (FFA) for separate kinds of activity of sportsmen are established. Power expenses of sportsmen by sports kinds, features and professional skill on the basis of daily average timing are revealed. Features of a condition of an actual food and a drinking mode of members Olympic and the national teams of Uzbekistan connected with national habits in a food and a hot climate are studied. Are revealed additional necessity to the basic food of ways of correction micronutrient structure of food in the conditions of high physical and mental loading. Have been developed toxicological passports of BAS for sportsmen. Has been estimated efficiency of actions for rationalisation of a food of professional sportsmen.
Practical value of the work. National daily average norms of a food for professional sportsmen by all kinds of sports with the account of puberty features and level of professional skill confirmed MH RUz (SanPi Ni are developed and confirmed: № 0126-01; № 0140-03; № 0139-03).
Degree of introduction and their economic value: results of researches are introduced in GDSES MH RUz, in Committee on physical training and sports RUz and are used at catering services by national teams on wrestling kurash, to free-style wrestling, boxing, weightlifting, swimming, other kinds sports, and also in sports colleges of the republic.
Sphere of usage: nutrition hygiene, physical culture and sports.
Modern sport makes high and specific requirements for the mental qualities of athletes due to its inherent characteristics. Temperament determines: 1) the level of ability required for the highest achievements in big sports; 2) the qualitative uniqueness of the abilities required to achieve success in a narrow sports specialization; 3) dynamics, quality originality and individual style of sports activity with the same degree of perfection.
The level of stress during training depends in part on the personality type of a person: he is an extrovert or an introvert. One of the most pressing problems of training young basketball players is the need to improve the educational and training process aimed at increasing the effectiveness and quality of training. Introverts have restraint and endurance that instill confidence in the team. Psychological peculiarities of football: the presence of hard physical contact together interrelated action partners, a variety of motor action and the variability of conditions for their implementation, make it attractive for persons with relatively high levels of aggressiveness, extroversion and plasticity.
This article discusses the temperament properties of athletes involved in football and basketball. The study involved 60 athletes (30 football players and 30 basketball players) of boys and youths aged 13-15 years. The testing technique assumed the identification of types of higher nervous activity, as well as the influence of temperamen on sports activities.
Since the temperament of a person is directly related to the features of the nervous system, the study of psychology in groups of athletes becomes necessary. Influence of typological features of manifestation of properties of nervous system on strong-willed qualities (patience, persistence) of athletes.
В настоящее время на фоне возрастания интенсивных и эмоциональных нагрузок наблюдается рост изменений со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы, обусловленных выявляемым среди населения синдромом дисплазии соединительной ткани сердца (ДСТС) (Е.В.Линде, 2000)
The organization of labor of athletes is a modern requirement, and it is confirmed that the efficiency of labor with its proper organization is high. To achieve high results in sports, first of all, it is necessary to properly organize the work in which athletes, coaches, managers and enterprises producing sports products are of great importance. No other field can introduce a country to the world as quickly as sports. There are various tools, methods and tasks in organizing athletes’ activity. First of all, it is necessary to pay great attention to financial and moral encouragement, which in turn helps to increase the interest and enthusiasm of athletes and improve results in sports.
The aim of this study was to study the interaction of red blood cells and the parameters of the immune system in adolescent athletes. Questioning and interviewing of 125 young athletes at the age of 11 - 17 years of the city of Samarkand was carried out. Among them there were 81 boys (65.1%), 44 girls (34.9%). In all study groups, there was a tendency to a decrease in the level of immunoglobulin G when comparing two study groups: incubation with saline and a sorbent immobilized with heparin. The obtained research results indicate the undoubted contribution of the components of the complement system to the pathogenesis of immunocomplex inflammation. The study of the activity of the classical complement pathway showed significant changes in the studied blood parameters.