Agricultural production is characterized by a high degree of risk, due to the fact that the economy is carried out in open space and there is a high dependence on biological, climatic, and extermal conditions. The inelasticity of the supply of agricultural products in relation to sing changes in market prices, unforeseen situations in the world and changes in the regulatory framework governing agricultural production are significant sources of risk in agriculture
Currently the main roks for agriculture in the world are restrictions on international trade in agricultural products imposed by individual governments, difficulties with Ingistics leading to the interruption of the supply chains hor its final consumers in domestic and foreign markets, agricultural labor within countries due as well as restrictions r on the mobility of to with the quarantine measures in place. The main naks and factors affecting food security are population growth, increasing demand for land, water and energy resources well as dramatic climate change
The article discusses the prospects for the development of the heat and power industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan. It was noted that according to the development concept of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2035, the expected growth in electricity consumption in the Republic will be approximately from 2000 to 3156 kWh/person. This growth in electricity production is planned to be achieved by increasing the production of renewable energy sources (RES) in the structure of generating capacities from 12.7% to 19.7% by 2025, upgrading existing plants, building new combined-cycle gas plants (CCGPs) and further construction of a nuclear power plant (NPP).
Given that in the coming years to 85% of the thermal and electric energy in the Republic is generated in thermal power stations that use natural energy resources such natural gas, coal and fuel oil, and also given the greater depreciation of equipment stations and as a consequence their low efficiency, the authors emphasize the importance of using to generate these types of energy modern combined cycle technology.
It is indicated that currently there is a wide technical and industrial cooperation of the main foreign gas turbine manufacturers in the world. In the world, the main manufacturers of such equipment are three companies - General Electric (USA), Siemens - Westinghouse (Germany - USA) and Alstom (France, Switzerland, Sweden).
Variants of combined steam and gas turbine units (GTU) have been developed. As a result of the GTU operation, the gases used in the installation were proposed to be used in the steam power cycle.
Advantages of CCGP: combined-cycle plants can achieve an electric efficiency of more than 60 %. For comparison, the efficiency of steam power plants operating separately is usually in the range of 33-4 %, for gas turbine plants - in the range of 28-42 %; low cost per unit of installed capacity; combined-cycle plants consume significantly less water per unit of electricity generated compared to steam power plants; short construction time (9-12 months); there is no need for constant fuel supply by railway or sea transport; compact dimensions allow you to build directly at the consumer (factory or inside the city), which reduces the cost of power lines and transportation of electric energy; more environmentally friendly compared to steam power plants.
The disadvantages of CCGP include: the need to filter the air used for fuel combustion; restrictions on the types of fuel used. As a rule, natural gas is used as the main fuel, and diesel fuel is used as a backup fuel. The use of coal as fuel is only possible in installations with in-cycle coal gasification, which greatly increases the cost of building such power plants. This implies the need to build expensive fuel transportation communications - pipelines; seasonal capacity restrictions. maximum performance in winter.
However, despite the listed disadvantages of CCGP, at this stage of development of the Republic, combined-cycle plants can produce electricity with a high efficiency, thereby significantly saving natural gas. Approximate calculations show that the technical re-equipment of the domestic heat power industry using gas-turbine and combined-cycle technologies and environmental protection equipment developed in the world will allow saving natural gas annually in the amount of approximately 1010 m3, which in monetary terms will amount to 3 trillion soums. In General, it is concluded that
1.to solve the country's energy problems, it is necessary to accelerate the introduction of REI, technically re-equip the domestic heat and power industry using gas turbine and combined-cycle technologies developed in the world.
2.in power plants where the fuel balance contains a large proportion of fuel oil or coal, but there is also natural gas, in an amount sufficient to power the gas turbine, it may be advisable to thermodynamically more efficient gas turbine superstructures.
3.to implement the tasks of modernization and reconstruction, involve the private sector in the energy sector on the basis of public-private partnership. Create the necessary regulatory framework and technical infrastructure.
A road sign is a sign used to indicate the direction to passengers and drivers. Road signs play an important role in managing roads, regulating traffic flow and ensuring traffic safety. The classification of road markings is usually as follows: Road signs are signs that regulate the direction shown, for example, the right direction, turn right, turn left, level, location, etc. No Weight Limit Signs - Signs indicating weight limits are posted on most trucks, trucks, and cars. Road marking signs - the road can be marked by these signs in the indicated directions. For example, road markings are displayed on city roads and highways. Directional signs - signs that indicate the entrance and exit points to the road, as well as the roads extended from the external road. Temperature symbols - the following symbols are used to describe the temperature, for example, a way station, a temperature symbol, etc. Variable temperature symbols - Unlike basic temperature symbols, these symbols are displayed according to temperature changes. For example, motor temperature, battery temperature, etc. Safety signs - used to describe road safety, such as giving the right direction to multiple vehicles, etc. These classifications may depend on the general classification of road signs, the type and location of their use.
The problem of financial resources and powers decentralization is attracted a lot of scientific researches, but none of them revealed the criterion for determining the optimal level of centralization or decentralization of budget funds in the revenue part of the local budget. To answer the question, what is better: fiscal centralization or decentralization, the theory of fiscal federalism is intended. Fiscal federalism is one of the main objects of research in the public sector of economy and reflects a complex pattern of relations between budgets of different levels.
Нейтрофильные внеклеточные ловушки (НВЛ) – нити хроматина с защитными бактерицидными гранулами, выделяющиеся нейтрофилами в процессе нетоза. Нетоз – программируемый защитный механизм ограничения распространения патогенов. Однако чрезмерное образование НВЛ в условиях воспаления приводит к тромбообразованию в микроциркуляторном русле с последующей органной дисфункцией.
Повышенный риск инфекции полости рта, особенно кандидоза. Боль при глотании, ограничения в диете, повышенная потребность организма в белке и поражение желудочно-кишечного тракта ведут к нарушению питания и, как следствие, к задержке развития, анемии и медленному заживлению ран. Выявляемые отдаленные осложнения в виде анкилоглоссии, микростомии, облитерации преддверия рта, скученности зубов и глубокого прикуса, связаны с прогрессирующим рубцеванием мягких тканей СОПР.
The presence of problems associated with demographic processes in Uzbekistan creates certain problems in the employment of labor resources. At this stage, it should be noted that the demographic situation is a complex socioeconomic process that characterizes the dynamics of the country's population, population overproduction, changes in the family structure, population migration, national and social composition of the population and changes in it. Important conditions for the formation of rational employment of the population are carried out on the basis of the following criteria: free choice of work and place of residence, the abolition of various administrative restrictions on the mobility of the population, the provision of a guarantee of employment with strict observance of labor laws. Abstaining from forced labor means that every person has a free choice - to work in social production or not. In this case, it is assumed that the legal implementation of labor activity will undoubtedly allow employees to be hired through the labor market and compete among themselves for their best conditions. According to the criteria presented, it is not enough for employees to be officially free. In order for hired labor to be effective, economic conditions and social guarantees are necessary. These include the fact that the minimum wage required for an average per capita working day is established by law, and the abolition of income restrictions for workers is the main one. One of the main demographic sources for the formation of rational employment of the able-bodied population is the expansion of its economically active part. The employment of the economically active population reflects its movement in the unity of interrelated economic and socio-demographic processes
The economic crisis that a number of countries faced after the global pandemic forced enterprises to provide innovation and investment activity in the national economy by limiting the flow of cash flows in the production of goods and services. The way out of any country from the economic recession and economic development, as well as the construction of a modern innovative economy depends, first of all, on effective investments. In the context of the current global pandemic, which is still continuing in the world community, improving the financial mechanism for ensuring investment and innovation activity of enterprises is one of the most pressing problems. The article is devoted to econometric modeling of improving the financial mechanism for ensuring investment and innovation activities of enterprises.
Аccording to most authors, COVID-19 in children is easier and often asymptomatic (from 1/5 to 1/3 of cases). Currently, the collection of additional high quality data on the course and treatment of COVID-19 in children is important to highlight the most effective patient management algorithms. Proper monitoring, early detection of complications of the disease, as well as the possibility of timely treatment and limiting the secondary spread of infection are important.
China has been pursuing a policy of reform and opening for 40 years. This, in turn, affects all areas of modern human life. Today, China is not only a leader in all spheres of production, but also there is a rapid development in the military industry of this country. Thus, the development of the military industry itself creates the basis for the introduction of new terms into the Chinese language. This article is devoted to the construction and analysis of Chinese military terms under the influence of external factors. Using the method of definitional analysis, the author explores the penetration of borrowings from a foreign language into the system of Chinese military terms, the ways of their formation and vocabulary enrichment, some restrictions in the formation of sound borrowings. The methods of phonetic and semantic calque have also been comparatively studied, and the activity of semantic calque in the military vocabulary of the modern Chinese language has been proved by examples. The article provides a descriptive analysis of borrowings formed under the influence of the English and Russian languages, and conclusions about the Chinese military terms that emerged on their basis.
Выявление молекулярно - генетических, межструктурных особенностей генов DRD2 и DRD4 и их сетевые взаимодействия.