Multidisciplinary and Multidimensional Journal
ISSN: 2775-5118
Vol.3 No.2
(2024)
I.F. 9.1
280
GRATITUDE EXPRESSES PRAGMATIC MEANINGS
Toirova Guli Ibragimovna
Professor of the Department of Uzbek
Linguistics and Journalism of
Bukhara State University Doctor of Philology
Oripova Parvina Valisherovna
Student of the Faculty of Philology of
Bukhara State University e-mail:
Abstract.
The topic of speech acts and their unique attributes is delved into in this article.
Taking inspiration from a variety of sources, the numerous layers of meaning behind gratitude
are explored in detail. Linguistic experts have made significant contributions to the scientific
understanding of this topic, offering up a range of perspectives on the matter. One fascinating
finding that has been thoroughly researched is how nonverbal cues, when combined with verbal
expressions of gratitude, can differ greatly across languages such as Uzbek, Russian and
Chinese. It's widely accepted that gratitude serves multiple pragmatic purposes in
communication, including but not limited to: ending a conversation, expressing genuine
emotions or appreciation and reaching mutual agreement.
Keywords:
speech act , implicit , behavioral act , expository act , pragmatic parameter ,
speech situation , judgment act , obligation act , expressive act , declarative act .
Introduction.
Speech communication is an intricate process, with speech acts serving as a
key component of this exchange. A speech act can be influenced by various factors, including
the speaker, listener, and situational context. As a result, it falls under the purview of pragmatics,
which is concerned with how language is used in context to convey meaning beyond the literal
interpretation of words.
While speech acts share some characteristics with lexical units, they possess their own
unique content structure that distinguishes them from other linguistic components. Unlike
explicit statements or expressions that directly reflect an internal state or emotion, speech acts
are often concealed and rely on contextual cues for interpretation. For example, saying "I love
you"or "I scare you"may not necessarily reflect an internal state but instead require additional
context for a full understanding.
Multidisciplinary and Multidimensional Journal
ISSN: 2775-5118
Vol.3 No.2
(2024)
I.F. 9.1
281
Furthermore, speech acts can take various forms depending on intonation patterns and
sentence types such as interrogative sentences, declaratives and imperatives. Each type serves to
convey different types of meaning within this framework.
It's important to note that single sentences cannot fully encapsulate the complexity inherent
in any given moment of communicative exchange; multiple statements must be taken into
account if one hopes to understand fully what has been conveyed through a particular speech act.
Every successful instance of speaking or writing represents an amalgamation of many different
possible meanings tailored specifically according to situational demands.
Speech acts can range widely from expressions gratitude ("thanks") to requests ("please"),
questions ("why?"), commands ("stop!"), mockery (laughing at someone), contempt (disdainful
rejection) caress (loving touch), among others yet unmentioned here. Despite their implicit
nature and reliance on contextual cues for interpretation, speech acts play a crucial role in
effective communication and help us convey our intended meanings accurately.
Literature review.
The topic of speech acts has been widely explored by linguists
throughout history. William Humboldt, Yakubovskiy, Benvest, and Bakhtin are among the many
scholars who have contributed to this field. However, Wetgenshen's works stand out for their
comprehensive theoretical information on the first speech act and its concepts. Early researchers
in this area such as John Austen and John Richard developed a theory that emphasizes how "the
speaker performs a certain action"through language, which is directed towards a specific purpose
and is one of the manifestations of human activity. In essence, actions are carried out through
speech acts. The expression of these actions through language gives rise to various types of
speech acts.
John Langshaw Austin is considered the founder of the speech act theory in linguistics. His
theory includes three main aspects: performative expressions; classification of different types of
speech acts; important issues related to separating specific meanings within these categories.
Austin's work has been instrumental in shaping our understanding of how we use language to
perform actions and communicate with others effectively. Through his contributions, we have
come to appreciate that language not only conveys information but also serves as a tool for social
interaction and influence.
An in-depth analysis of Austen's concept reveals an extensive classification system for
elocutionary (expressive) acts. Judgmental or verdictive acts come first in his hierarchy followed
by persuasive ones. Acts related to military spheres express content while commissive ones
relate to promises or commitments made by speakers. Behabitive (moral) acts comprise fourth
place while expository ones derive from French language meaning "to explain."
Multidisciplinary and Multidimensional Journal
ISSN: 2775-5118
Vol.3 No.2
(2024)
I.F. 9.1
282
All types of speech acts fall into one of five distinct categories: message, persuasive,
obligation-based expressive declarations - each containing unique linguistic units like reporting
or telling stories as well as guessing games such as those used during negotiations between
parties involved in business deals. In essence, speech act theory provides us with a framework
for understanding how language can be used to convey meaning beyond literal definitions and
how it can influence social interactions and relationships between individuals.
Analysis and discussion.
Gratitude is a powerful emotion that involves expressing
appreciation for good deeds, whether through words or actions. It can have a profound impact on
both the giver and receiver, influencing their emotional states in positive ways. However,
gratitude is not a one-size-fits-all concept and its expression can vary depending on situational
factors such as social characteristics, relationships between individuals, and genre-specific
pragmatic parameters.
In some cases, gratitude may be expressed directly to the person being thanked, while in
other situations it may be conveyed indirectly through dependent clauses or other forms of
language. Regardless of the form it takes, gratitude is typically associated with a deep-seated
appreciation for someone's kindness or service without expecting anything in return except
perhaps goodwill towards them personally over time too.
There are many examples of how gratitude can be expressed in different contexts. For
instance, thanking God for a child's growth or expressing satisfaction and indebtedness for
someone's help with a task are both common ways of showing gratitude. In more formal settings,
such as interviews or speeches, thanking specific individuals by name can be an effective way to
convey appreciation.
Despite its many forms and expressions, gratitude remains an important aspect of human
interaction that helps to foster positive emotions and build strong relationships between people.
Whether expressed verbally or non-verbally, gratitude has the power to make us feel happier and
more connected to those around us.
The use of communication methods is influenced by cultural speech etiquette requirements
that differ from one culture to another. The analysis of speech etiquette reveals information about
the status relations between the author and receiver, despite their respective statuses, as equality
may exist between them based on pragmatic parameters such as gender, age, level of intimacy
among participants, and other factors that determine whether they are likely to follow politeness
rules or ignore them altogether. Moreover, expressing gratitude through etiquette helps to
equalize relationships while demonstrating respectfulness from one speaker towards another by
Multidisciplinary and Multidimensional Journal
ISSN: 2775-5118
Vol.3 No.2
(2024)
I.F. 9.1
283
choosing an appropriate tone/style based on individual qualities rather than just social status
alone.
It is common for respondents to expect sellers who fail to thank them after buying
something from them to lose business. Receiving greeting letters prompts responses from people
indicating interest in expanding circles around themselves by thanking friends/bosses/advertising
departments alike whenever possible. In situations where multiple recipients deserve thanks
simultaneously - for example, when an uncle introduces a father's loved ones or when Akram
bows at Haji Mirzakarim's feet - it becomes essential to navigate the complexities of speech
etiquette with care.
Overall, understanding speech etiquette is crucial for effective communication across
cultures and requires sensitivity towards cultural differences while retaining key information and
main points.
Gratitude is a complex concept that involves not only the act of speaking words of
appreciation but also conveying the reasons behind them. The emotional level of gratitude
expressed largely depends on the context and situation at hand, as well as the perceived
importance and relevance of the services rendered by other parties involved. For example,
someone offering support may receive more heartfelt expressions such as "Thank you so much!
Your help means everything,"while someone else who has been invited out to the theater may
warrant different gestures like hugs or kisses instead.
Cultural differences also play a significant role in how gratitude is expressed. Speakers of
Uzbek, Russian, and Chinese all differ in their use of non-verbal components when expressing
appreciation alongside linguistic units (words). In some cases, Russian communicators limit
themselves primarily to verbal expressions of thanks, while deep bows or half-bows are common
across all three nations' customs but hold unique meanings based on local interpretations.
Chinese citizens tend to avoid using phrases like "thank-you"directly because doing so
implies overstepping bounds that modesty requires acknowledging before responding positively.
Separate approaches demonstrate differences amongst populations too-Uzbeks and Russians
employ direct language via frequent usage of "thank-yous,"unlike their Chinese counterparts
who prefer indirect promises focusing more heavily upon proximity indicators. Overall, gratitude
is a nuanced concept that varies depending on circumstances surrounding its expression and
cultural background.
Conclusion.
Upon thorough consideration, it becomes evident that expressions conveying
profound sentiments towards others hold significant roles in various forms of social interaction.
These statements serve a dual purpose. Firstly, they maintain equilibrium and proper order
Multidisciplinary and Multidimensional Journal
ISSN: 2775-5118
Vol.3 No.2
(2024)
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within society as a whole. Secondly, since these utterances stem from genuine emotions, they
always resonate powerfully regardless of the situation or desired level of formality.
Consequently, this act carries several underlying implications ranging from bringing
conversations to a close to expressing sincere attitudes of appreciation, agreement, and so on –
all bolstered further by adhering to proper conventions of formality or informality.
There are universal examples of phrasing such things like "We express our infinite/deep
appreciation/gratefulness,"or even wishing recipients well-being both now and in their future
lives by saying "May God bless you forever!"These expressions are not just empty words but
carry deep meaning and convey genuine feelings towards the recipient. In essence, they serve as
powerful tools for building and maintaining positive relationships with others. Therefore, it is
essential to recognize their importance and use them appropriately in various social interactions.
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