Topicality and demand of the theme of dissertation. In world practice of informatization, systems of electronic document interchange (EDIS) arc considered and introduced last years not only as systems for automation of manage processes but also as high-grade platforms for creation of uniform information field, so borders of their use, certainly, expands and scientists of the world raises interest to them. In researches of leading scientists of infocommunication technologies the demand of problems of authentic gathering, transfer, analysis, coding of information during formation of office-work documents is allocated for getting of effective technologies raising mobility and productivity of EDIS.
Complex measures undertaken by the Government of Republic of Uzbekistan on development of systems of region-territorial automated management and to creation of uniform information field arc directed on wide introduction of information systems, EDIS, databases (DB) on the basis of modern information-communication technologies. In this connection, working out of new methods to intelligent processing of information resources used for improvement of data transfer quality, allowing effectively to find out and correct errors in structure of electronic document interchange with least material and time expenses, differs a special urgency and, at the same time, remains the unresolved theoretical and applied problem having important economic value.
Requirements to information resources and streams of data transmission as the important factor of efficiency and quality of EDIS functioning arc expressed in providing of stability, integrity, safety and authenticity of the information. One of important among factors is the criterion of authenticity of the information, caused by distortion of transferred messages in infocommunication networks because of failures and refusals of means, any handicaps in communication channels, errors of operators, scanning and recognition systems.
Hence, construction of effective systems to control of information authenticity during transfer and processing represents special scientific interest as priority technology of data processing, characteristic for conditions of automated management and electronic document interchange at the enterprises and organizations.
For existing methods, despite of providing the high level of information transfer authenticity, some unsolved questions is typical, and as basic of them it is possible to allocate the following: at development technologies of electronic documents interchange in structure of modern data transfer packages the significant volume of resource is spent for headings, at the same time the most part of information in headings remains constant from package to package during stream of transfer of the whole frame (redundancy of the information arising at it and mechanisms to provide reliability of deliveries consisting, basically, in sending the appropriate message and repeated transfer of packages, - result to additional time and material expenses while errors detection and elimination); code and hardware methods of information transfer control arc focused, mainly, on elimination the transposition mistakes in managing fields of packages; however, at data transfer there arc also distortions in information fields, which frequently reveal as multiple text mistakes.
In this relation, the decision of tasks for providing of information transfer authenticity is reasonable to consider in two aspects.
Solutions of the first type tasks should taken into account errors of the man-operator, scanning and other devices intended for input of the information. These kinds of mistakes make greatest volume of distortions in text and arise at Applied and Representation levels of OSI model (Open System Interconnection reference model).
Solutions of second type tasks, devoted to control of the information reliability, take into consideration the probability of distortions which occur at stages of Transport, Network, Physical and Line of model OSI.
Demand of the dissertation is characterized by the fact that introduction of a wide range of IP-enabled technologies in electronic document interchange is connected to requiring close attention tasks of detection and correction of errors during preparation and processing of documents.
This research work is focused on providing realization of laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On informatization», «On electronic digital signature», «On electronic document», «On electronic commerce», «On electronic payments», Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 126 on 05.04.2011 «About measures on installation and use of a single secured e-mail and system of electronic document interchange in the executive office of cabinet of ministers, bodies of government and economic governance, local government».
Following that, the solution of listed tasks requires carrying out the special researches and development connected to creation of methods and algorithms, capable to control the information authenticity in structure of data transfer packages at the expense of use the enclosed redundancy, and able to function in transport environment, eliminating existing lacks. This fact causes necessity of allocation of a special class algorithms for providing of information authenticity on the basis of new type of PR-rcdundancy (property redundancy), defined by depending on properties of processed object.
Purpose of research is development ol constructive methods, models, algorithms and systems of information authenticity control during transfer and processing of the data on the basis of mechanisms used PR-rcdundancy of various nature, and software and algorithmic realization of results for developing technologies of electronic document interchange.
Scientific novelty of disscrtational research consists in the following:
concept, methodology and software and algorithmic bases to construction methods, models and algorithms for the information authenticity control in systems of electronic document interchange arc developed, classes of objects characterized by PR-rcdundancy, applied to provide accuracy, integrity, efficiency, compression, availability of information resources in EDIS arc allocated;
methods and algorithms arc offered for control of information reliability at the expense of use the artificial redundancy on the basis of linear, modular, plane summing mechanisms and definition of belonging to the coded subsets;
methods and software complexes arc developed for control of information reliability at the expense of use the natural redundancy on the basis of algorithms in which procedures of statistical, arithmetic, parsing coding, n-gram structured description, statistical pattern recognition and hashing of text elements arc realized;
for control and correction of spelling mistakes in texts on Uzbek language methods and algorithms arc offered on the basis of models of multilevel morphological analysis and n-grams Grammatik description;
on the basis of enclosed logic criteria, database and knowledgebase in structure of the built-in expert systems methods and algorithms arc developed for the control of information authenticity at the expense of use the structural-technological PR-rcdundancy;
methods arc offered to synthesis algorithms of text information reliability control in interactive system of errors detection and correction for developing technologies of electronic document interchange.
Conclusion
1. Developed in the dissertation constructive methods, models, software and algorithms complexes to control of information authenticity by principles of using of PR-rcdundancy on the basis of concepts of system analysis, control and information processing allow to increase efficiency and productivity of EDIS.
2. The estimation of current state of the theory and practice of code, hardware and program methods of control of authenticity information transfer had shown insufficiency of existing types of redundancy for providing qualitative functioning of EDIS. Principles of use of PR-rcdundancy at electronic documents for working out applied methods, software and algorithmic complexes to providing of information transfer authenticity have allowed to design toolkit of development of existing technologies.
3. Methods of: linear, plane and modular summation; codings by rules of Haffman, Lempcl-Ziv-Velch, Barrousc-Willcr, arithmetic coding, statistical recognition, logic control form methodical bases of use of PR-rcdundancy for expansion possibilities of algorithms and software complexes to providing of the information authenticity during drawing up, transfer and processing of electronic documents texts.
4. Efficiency of developed algorithms is shown and solutions arc got for tasks of control the information authenticity on the basis of criterion of mistakes undctccting probabilities. It is established, that they find up to 92 % of all kinds of mistakes, capable to correct single, double and adjacent transpositional mistakes, in comparison with existing methods reduce labour content and cost of control in 2-3 times if probability of mistakes is accepted as P«4-10-3, and also raise the information authenticity up to three orders.
5. To solving tasks of control and correction of spelling mistakes in Uzbek texts methods, algorithms and systems arc developed included morphological and n-gram structured models. The developed technique of getting frequency characteristics of n-gram on the basis of distortions probability parameters statistics arc applied during systematization hash-codes for parsing coding.
6. Interpolation and extrapolation methods of construction the logic and arithmetic function of statistical recognition arc used for working out algorithms to control of text elements images authenticity. Methods arc developed to control authenticity of alarm characteristics of text elements images in ncuronctworking system to information processing which includes parts of automatic recognition and control of images signals. Methods and algorithms arc realized in the structure system to control of information authenticity for eases when information in EDIS is represented as metatext on the basis of belonging attributes and classification of metatext on fuzzy semantic hypcrnct.
7. Methods and algorithms of the control of the information authenticity, based on methods of dictionary, statistical and hash-codings provide effective applying of the hardware-software environment of parallel computations NVIDIA with use of standard libraries of numerical analysis, optimized data exchange between CPU and GPU for optimization.
8. It is determined that at realization of the system to control of spelling on the basis of developed ways of description and identification of the software shell, treelike representation of n-gramm grammar and architecture of framework Sfinks-4 focused on various language models used PR-rcdundancy, the number of undetected errors and cost of realization considerably decreases, and labour content in comparison with the spelling control system on the basis of morphological analysis decreases twice.
9. Developed simulating algorithms, complexes of software and systems to control of information authenticity on the basis of using PR-rcdundancy have found practical application in systems of: automated organization of educational environment in high schools; adapted data transfer, processing and analysis in infocommunication networks; EDIS of enterprises.
10. The developed software complexes to control the information authenticity in structure of EDIS and computer system of adapted transfer, handling and data analysis arc implemented in real working conditions in the Samarkand branch «UzTelecom» of the State committee or communication, for informatization and telecommunication technologies of the Republic of Uzbekistan and in Joint Venture «Tasty-Fuit». Appropriate certificates confirm cost of economical efficiency of dissertation results.
To assess the clinical efficacy of the SRK II formula with a correction factor Rm in children with congenital cataracts who are at risk of pseudophakic myopia. Material and methods. A complex examination of 48 children (86 eyes) with congenital cataracts involved visometrics, tonometry, tonography, biomicroscopy, keratorefractometry, ophthalmoscopy, ultrasonography, and pachymetry. To determine the IOL power, we used the SRK II formula supplemented with the individual correction factor Rm, proposed by the authors. The examined children were divided into 2 groups. The main group 1 included 22 patients (42 eyes), for which the IOL power was calculated with the Rm factor. The control group 2 consisted of 26 patients (44 eyes) for which the IOL power was calculated according to the traditional SRK II formula using age-related hypocorrection of refraction but without the Rm coefficient. Results. The correction factor Rm, allowed us to achieve the targeted refraction in children who were at risk of developing pseudophakic myopia in 83.3 % of cases of the main group (versus 45.4 % of the control group cases) and reduce the development of high age-related refraction) by 37.9 %. In children of the main group, visual acuity reached, on average, 0.5 ± 0.001, while in the control group it was also higher but only reached 0.200 ± 0.001. Conclusion.The method of calculating the IOL optical power involving an individual correction factor Rm, according to the formula: SRK II – R – Rm can be recommended for clinical practice focused on children at risk of abnormal refractogenesis.
The aim of the study to improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with ventral hernias and concomitant abdominal pathology by optimizing the tactical and technical aspects of the simultaneous performance of simultaneous operations with the priority use of endovideosurgical technologies and tension-free plasty methods.
The object of the study were 331 patients with ventral hernias and concomitant simultaneous pathology of the abdominal organs, who were hospitalized in the surgical departments of the clinic of the Samarkand State Medical University for a period from 2012 to 2021.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: laparoscopic technologies were applied at certain stages of surgical intervention, which justified itself, since at the same time it allows to eliminate the hernia of the abdominal wall and the simultaneous pathology of the abdominal organs and correct it in a minimally invasive way; it was found that more than ½ (52.8%) of patients with ventral hernias have concomitant abdominal pathology that requires a one-time surgical correction, since the performance in a subsequent repeated operation levels out the results of hernioplasty; justified the use of laparoscopic technologies at certain stages of the operation, which allows correcting the simultaneous pathology of the abdominal cavity in a minimally invasive way with a significant removal of it from the hernial defect of the abdominal wall; the effectiveness of endovideosurgical technology for performing alloplasty in W1 and W2 hernias has been proven; the high information content of CT-hernioabdominometry has been proven, which makes it possible to identify defects in the topography of the anterior abdominal wall before surgery, determine the relative volume of the hernia to the volume of the abdominal cavity and choose the optimal method of hernioalloplasty; improved technical and tactical aspects of non-tension methods of hernioplasty for ventral hernias W3 and W4; the study of the dynamics of stress hormones proved that the implementation of the simultaneous stage of the operation does not significantly affect the degree of surgical aggression and thus justifies the expediency of a one-time correction of the combined pathology of the anterior abdominal wall and abdominal organs; optimization of tactical and technical aspects of one-time surgical correction of ventral hernia and combined abdominal pathology with the priority use of endovideosurgical technologies and tension-free alloplasty methods significantly improved the results of treatment.
The practical results of the study are as follows: According to the results of a scientific study to improve the diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with ventral hernias and concomitant abdominal pathology: a methodological recommendation “Surgery of abdominal hernias and combined pathology of the anterior abdominal wall” was developed (certificate of the Ministry of Health 8н-р / 1080 dated October 7, 2022); a methodological recommendation "Surgical correction of combined abdominal pathology in ventral hernias" was developed (certificate of the Ministry of Health 8н-р / 1086 dated October 7, 2022). The proposed recommendations made it possible to optimize the choice of tactics for surgical treatment of patients with ventral hernias and concomitant surgical diseases of the abdominal organs; the obtained scientific results on improving the quality of diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with ventral hernias and simultaneous surgical diseases of the abdominal organs have been introduced into the practice of healthcare, in particular, in the departments of surgery of the Samarkand city medical association, the Samarkand regional multidisciplinary medical center, the multidisciplinary clinic of Samara State Medical University, Shakhrisabz city medical association, Surkhandarya regional diversified medical center, Jizzakh regional diversified medical center (certificate of the Ministry of Health 8н-д / 570 dated October 24, 2022). The introduction of the results of research on improving the tactical and technical aspects of the surgical treatment of patients with ventral hernias and simultaneous surgical diseases of the abdominal organs substantiated the possibility of simultaneous performance of simultaneous operations in the combined pathology of the abdominal organs and the anterior abdominal wall, avoiding repeated operations after hernia alloplasty.
The structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, seven chapters, a conclusion, and a list of references. The volume of the main material is 153 pages.
This study aims to investigate the nexus between foreign direct investment, export and economic growth for the Uzbekistan economy during the period 2000-2019, using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) methodology. Annual time-series data were obtained from World Bank. During econometric analyze were performed the ADF unit root test, Johansen cointegration test and the vector error correction model. VECM analysis shows that there is a long- term relationship between these variables.
The possibilities of endoscopic surgical correction of colon pathologies in children have been studied. The features of endoscopic surgery for congenital pathologies of the colon in children are assessed. The review analyzes the effectiveness of endosurgical correction of congenital colon pathologies in children. The characteristic complications after endosurgical correction of colon pathologies are analyzed in detail. The use of the endoscopic technique in patients with colon pathologies allows minimizing postoperative complications
This article provides recommendations on the correction of adolescent stress situations. The article contains recommendations for correcting stressful situations in teenagers.
The most important stage of anesthetic management is the period of induction into anesthesia, which requires control and regulation of central hemodynamics and vegetative changes, which creates conditions for ensuring a smooth course of subsequent stages of anesthesia without increasing intraocular pressure during surgical correction of congenital glaucoma in children.
Significant changes of the vascular-thrombocytic component of the hemostasis system were revealed in patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy. Treatment with activated autoplasma contributed to approaching all investigated parameters of vascular-thrombocytic and procoagulant components to their initial values.
The article describes the factors affecting the target refraction of pseudophakic eyes of children after extraction of congenital cat-
aracts. The factors include features of the echobiometric parameters of the eye, refraction, comorbidity of congenital cataracts and
ocular pathologies, margins of error in calculating strength of the intraocular lens, localization and structure of the artificial lens,
as well as correction of obscure or refractive amblyopia in pseudophakic eyes. Development of the algorithm for correction of re-
sidual refraction of pseudophakic eyes in children both before and after IOL implantation with consideration of each of those fac-
tors currently remains a relevant problem.
The detection of concomitant surgical diseases of the abdominal organs during the examination of the patient or during laparotomy raises the question of the necessity and possibility of its elimination by performing a simultaneous operation. If we take into account that in recent years 20-30% of patients admitted to surgical hospitals have been diagnosed with combined diseases of the abdominal organs requiring surgical correction, then the urgency of the problem is beyond doubt.
The improvement of surgical techniques, the successes of anesthesiology allow [to expand the indications for performing simultaneous operations in abdominal surgery.
Simultaneous surgical correction of several diseases is in many ways preferable to multi-stage treatment, since it relieves the patient from two or more diseases, from the need for repeated surgery and possible postoperative complications associated with it.
Simultaneous operations also have certain economic advantages due to a reduction in the duration of the patient's stay in a medical institution and temporary disability in comparison with multi-stage surgical treatment.