More than 70 works of Mahmud Zamakhshari, which had a great influence on the spiritual heritage of Maverannahr, are devoted to linguistics, literature, religious studies, didactics, geography. Linguistics and word science occupy a special place in the scientific heritage of the scientist. Mahmud Zamakhshari covers all areas of science related to linguistics and lexicography. The famous work of the scientist “Muqaddamatu-l-adab” is one of the sources of this style. This work, recognized as the first multilingual dictionary, contains аrabic-рersian-turkic trilingual, arabic-persian-turkic-mongolian four-language manuscripts. The work consists of five parts, the first title of which belongs to the category of words, and the second is dedicated to the verb and its derivatives. The third part consists of grammatical rules concerning auxiliary words, the fourth part-declension of nouns, and the fifth part-declension of verbs. There are copies in world collections that contain five parts of the work, as well as manuscripts in which the grammatical parts are translated separately. The volume of the dictionary parts of the work is of great and important scientific significance. In particular, the turkic vocabulary in the manuscripts included in the turkish vocabulary of the work is among the topics that are not studied and are relevant in world linguistics. 10 rare manuscripts of the dictionary “Muqaddamatu-l-adab” are stored in the funds of Tashkent, 62 copies-in the funds of countries around the world. The main part of them was moved in the XIII-XIVcenturies, and this period serves as an important source for studying the richness and semantic features of the turkic language dictionary. So far, 6 manuscripts have been found in the funds of the world, which were rewritten in Khorezm. The oldest manuscript of the work is the arabic-persian dictionary, rewrittenin Khorezm in 1257 and now stored in the Suleiman Foundation of Turkey. Khorezm manuscripts of the work are stored in the funds of Turkey, Dagestan, and France.
Each national language system has its peculiar legal terms and documents that undoubtedly provide the basis for the effective learning of English by future lawyers, judges, law enforcement bodies and clerks. Taking into consideration the training of highly qualified lawyers in independent Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as international and foreign legislative practice in our country, in order to develop a national legal system, it is necessary to create an educational and terminological dictionary for translating words of different branches from foreign language into native language and from native language into foreign language. The expressions of legal meaning reflect the aspects relating to legal relations among people.
The Uzbek-Russian-English dictionary of legal words and phrases consists of terms and words necessary for reading, understanding and translating legal literature of legal subjects by students, cadets, and academic staff of higher educational establishments.
In the current period of advanced technology, the topic of legal terminology is very broad, and it penetrates into the most advanced industries from everyday life to science and technology. So, it is natural that the lexical layer related to jurisprudence is huge and the semantic structure of its words is complex. From this point of view, attempts have been made to include words and expressions in this dictionary reflecting the main activities of the legal branches. The sources used to compile the dictionary include Russian-Uzbek dictionary of law terms, prepared by G.Ahmedov and Kh.Bektemirov, and the explanatory dictionary of the English language, general and special English-Russian and English-Uzbek dictionaries. Many of the terms given in this dictionary arc translated into Russian and English.
The dictionary contains terms and phraseological units in English, arranged in alphabetical order. The dictionary reflects translations of Uzbek legal terms into Russian and English as well.
The dictionary of legal expressions is compiled on the bases of the Criminal Code and the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan and consists of more than 3300 words and phrases. The dictionary is intended for researchers, translators, academic staff, students of academic lyceums, university students, doctoral students and applicants who are interested in English and learn language independently, as well as the wide range of readers.
The article deals with the lexicography of the English language, the creation of dictionaries, the basic principles of lexicography. There is also a detailed discussion of lexical units in the language system, especially lexemes and their semantics. The article shoes main concepts of lexicography
the article discusses the pedagogical principles of teaching the Russian language at universities in Uzbekistan, and also describes multimedia opportunities for studying educational material.
Maqolada qishloq va suv xo’jaligida elektr ta’minoti fanini o’qitishning didaktik tamoyillarini belgilashga doir asoslar yoritilgan bo’lib, mazkur fanning o’ziga xosligini inobatga olib o’qitish tamoyillari ilmiy jihatdan tadqiq etilgan.
The article describes the principles of the organization and development of public- private partnership and their specifics in the education system. Also, as a result of the study of the theoretical aspects of these issues, the terms related to public-private partnership were interpreted. Special importance is also attached to the relationship of participants and stakeholders of public- private partnership. The article also presents six basic principles of public-private partnership recognized in the law. Based on this, based on the features of the education system, the author scientifically proves that it is necessary to add six more principles.
Subject of the inquiry: the problem of a computerization of teaching the Bases of informatics and computer engineering techniques (BICET) in the system of secondary education.
Aim of the inquiry: to create effective means of pedagogical programmes (PPM) on BICET, aimed at computerization of teaching and to work out the methods of using it.
Methods of inquiry: studying and analysing the literature on the topic of the investigation; observing the teaching process; talks with teachers and schoolchildren; generalizing school teacher’s experience; internet forum; pedagogical experiment.
Novelty and theoretical importance of research: the concept of computer education of secondary education was worked out; the structure of process of computerizing teaching was analysed; the principles of computer education were worked out and means of computer education of teaching were systematized the ways of modelling the teacher’s and schoolchildem’s activities in the PPM, the process of accomplishing all types of exercises with the help of computer; the mechanism of working out the PPM of the BICET.
Practical value: PPM worked out by us were effectively used in BICET; the concept, principles and means of computer education of teaching may be used while computerization of other subjects, improving teachers’ training, compiling textbooks and educational supplies of computerization; the ideas in the thesis may serve as a theoretical basis to computerize all stages of education.
Degree of embed and economical effectivity: 80 works of the author concerning the theme of the dissertation were published, including monograph, textbooks and teaching supplies; the content of the investigation was discussed at a number of conferences.
Sphere of usage: while computerization of all stages of education; while compiling syllabi, textbooks and teaching supplies.
The given article is dedicated to homonyms in Chinese language and in dictionary of Kuraishi, which was created by Japanese professor T. Kuraishi. In general linguistics, method of the study of homonyms with dictionaries is widely used. The study material of quantitative composition and character of homonyms was dictionary “Ivanami Tu: gokuo ziten” – phonetic Chinese-Japanese dictionary, released by publishing office “Ivanami” in Tokio in 1972, with overall quantity of 37 thousand words. In the article, characteristics of the dictionary is given in details and the fact that it can be used as a study material in researches about Chinese linguistics is taken into account.
Phraseological units in the language are connected with the specific psychology, lifestyle, mentality, customs of each people, etc. The phraseology Department – the study of the phraseology of a foreign language – not only increases the effectiveness of studying vocabulary, but it also gives an opportunity to get acquainted with the features of the linguistic sphere of the language more closely. Consideration of various linguistic aspects of phraseological units belonging to the phraseological layer of a foreign language on the example of the Indian language is of great importance in the deep study of phraseologisms of the Indian language, in the ability to read and analyze phraseologisms in artistic texts. The main purpose of writing this article is to provide a semantic analysis of phraseologisms in the Indian language, which are formed from somatic nouns. In carrying out the goal, the following tasks were taken into account: - at first the main source is the designation of all somatic nouns given on the first roof of V.M. Beskrovny's dictionary «Хинди-русский словарь» and the collection of somatic phraseologisms from additional dictionaries; - to study the semantically collected examples; - somatic phraseology in World linguistics research on the extent of World linguistics; - to reveal specific aspects of expression in the interpretation of examples; New lexemes from somatic words are also made and enrich the lexical system of the Indian language. And the results from this can be used in the Indian language lexicology, ethnolinguistics, Indian language textbooks, educational manuals, as well as new regulated information that is given in the compilation of a phraseological Dictionary of the Indian language. The main issue is the semantic separation of somatic phraseologisms of the Indian language into different groups. Most of the phraseological units are somatic phraseologisms, and in this respect many scientists have come to many conclusions by studying this classification in different ways. The collected samples were drawn from the semantic point of view to the analysis and the intended purpose was achieved.
The book of Mahmud Kashgary “Divanu Lugati-t-Turk”, which is one of the sources of the XI century, is of great importance in the Turkic culture. It is considered a linguistic work reflecting the language and literature of that period. The collection of this work is an important source of literature among Turkic peoples, especially folklore. The contains samples of ancient folklore of Turkic peoples. These include are folk songs, proverbs and sayings. The proverbs cited in the work are especially important for the study of folklore and the language of that era. Although Turkic folklore has been repeatedly analyzed, especially Uzbek folk proverbs, studies have been carried out, and the thematic group has not yet conducted a serious study of ancient Turkic proverbs. In particular, the proverbs “Divanu Lugati-t-Turk” were divided into a thematic group, but were not read and grouped in accordance with the text of the manuscript. This article analyzes these features. Proverbs in “Divanu Lugati-t-Turk” were first grouped in meaning in the first edition of the dictionary in Uzbek publication (Divanu Lugati-t-Turk. Index Dictionary, Tashkent, 1967). Our description is different from the previous one. In our article, we used the publication “Divanu Lugati-T-Turk”, published in 2017 by Professor K. Sadikov. Along with this, this article analyzes the synonymy of ancient Turkic proverbs and thematic issues. To prove the above questions, quotes from the dictionary “Divanu Lugati-t-Turk” are given. The article analyzed the scope and significance of this topic. As a result of the analysis, conclusions were drawn.