Meaning and role of mycoplasma infection for children with bronchial asthma small studied. By us was inspected 39 children with BA in age from 2 to 14, from them 27 (69,2%) boys and 12 (30,8) girls. Obtained data from PChR testing is shown: among the children of patients with BA for 33,3% (13/39) patients found out M. pneumoniae.; for 66,7% (26/39) patients and for all children of control group M. pneumoniae. it is not discovered (table.№1). For children in a range 2-5, the more than half (53,8%) of children-asthmatics was got positive results of PChR; among the investigated children in age 6-14, only at 46,2% patients had M. pneumonia. Except it, among patients with BA, for 69,2% boys and 31% girls made the positive result of PChR, and correlation of sexes was made by 2,2: 1.
In this article, you will learn about the importance of linking mathematics to other disciplines. Teaching science in conjunction with a variety of disciplines shapes and enhances a student’s ability to research. Any of the lessons using the questions and questions listed below will help students learn more. Because repetition strengthens knowledge. And solid knowledge is the foundation of the future. In this, the importance of mathematics is great. As the great scientist Lobachevsky said, "Mathematics is such a language - all exact sciences speak this language."
Global digitization has a dramatic impact on the tourism industry, radically renewing the principles of its organization, providing tourism and the traveler himself with information. The article analyzes foreign scientific research on the problem of introducing digital technologies for the development of tourism and other similar fields.
This article discusses the essence and main tasks of advertising, the features and importance of compliance with the rules of ethiсs, its role in ensuring conditions for fair competition and integration into the process of world economic management.
Newborns are at high risk of developing a generalized infection. Mortality from sepsis among newborns reaches 20-50%. Glutamine deficiency in premature newborns leads to functional failure of the immune system, predisposes to the development of necrotizing interocolitis. The introduction of exogenous glutamine in a critical condition leads to a significant reduction in the risk of generalized infection and death.
Today the youth accounts for the most significant part of the Uzbek society. As our President Shavkat Mirziyoyev said in his speech «Today, the pivotal appeal, namely «Our children must be stronger, more knowledgeable, smarter and certainly happier than us!» took a solid place in the minds and hearts of each of us, the parents and broad public. At present, the youth up to 30 years of age make up 32 percent of our country’s population, or 10 million people. The fact that our youth is turning into a decisive force of our today and tomorrow capable of rightfully assuming the responsibility for the future of our Homeland makes all of us proud and pleased»
Sepsis remains one of the urgent problems of modern medicine due to the steady upward trend in the number of patients and consistently high mortality (30-60%) (Gritsuk S.F., 2004; Saltanov A.I. 2005; Vincent J.L. et all. 2006). The risk of developing urosepsis increases with an infectious process caused by E. coli strains that have P-fimbria in their structure, which have the ability to produce such virulence factors as hemolysin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor and mannose-resistant hemagglutinin (Zhuravlev V.N., Rudnov V. A., 2015).
Седация может повысить комфорт пациента во время спинальной анестезии. Понимание взаимосвязи между концентрацией пропофола и уровнем седации пациента позволит достичь желаемого уровня седации с минимальными побочными эффектами.
Биспектральный (BIS) мониторинг обеспечивает объективное неинвазивное измерение уровня сознания у пациентов, находящихся под седацией. Было показано, что седация повышает удовлетворенность пациентов во время регионарной анестезии. Пропофол широко используется в качестве седативного средства. В этом исследовании мы стремились определить, является ли BIS полезным дополнительным маневром для снижения седативной дозы пропофола с помощью BIS.
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is the most complex and technological variant of clinical nutrition, carried out by intravenous administration of nutrients into the body. It is intended for patients in whom it is impossible or insufficient to use other methods of nutrition and occupies the highest level in the hierarchy of clinical nutrition options, since it is considered the most difficult both in terms of technique and in terms of the variety of decision-making when prescribing it in clinical practice in the most difficult contingent of patients. . One of the main causes of death in patients with multiple organ failure is the development of an immune and inflammatory response. A number of studies have shown a decrease in the severity and incidence of septic complications in patients on enteral nutrition, after severe mechanical and thermal injuries, after major surgical interventions, it also allows you to maintain and maintain the barrier function of the intestine, which prevents the translocation of microflora. Based on the foregoing, it can be assumed that enteral nutrition will have a positive effect on the course of multiple organ failure.
Адекватная инфузионная терапия периоперационного периода важна для улучшения послеоперационных результатов, так как нормоволемия является существенным фактором гемодинамической стабильности и гомеостаза.
Today, the trendy Fast-Track tactics has also reached us pediatric anesthesiologists and resuscitators. It's time to change the old stereotypes, schemes, methods and approaches. The new concept of "Fast-Track" in surgery was proposed by H. Kehlet (1993). Fast-Track surgery (early accelerated rehabilitation after surgery) is the search and implementation of effective methods of treating surgical patients with minimal risk. The selection of anesthesia techniques, minimally invasive surgical methods, optimal pain control and active postoperative recovery in Fast-Track surgery reduces stress reactions and organ dysfunction, significantly reducing the time required for a complete patient recovery.
The data from the study of the state of central hemodynamics testified to the effectiveness of the used variants of anesthesia with fentanyl in combination with sevoflurane and the variant of anesthesia with fentanyl in combination with propofol in the anesthetic management of congenital hip dislocation. The paper assesses the state of the circulatory system in children with congenital hip dislocation. The development of rational options for pain relief has identified the advantages of combined anesthesia with fentanyl and sevoflurane. The study of indicators of daily monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, study of indicators of central hemodynamics made it possible to determine the nature and type of regulation of the circulatory system under the conditions of the recommended methods of combined anesthesia for surgical correction of congenital hip dislocation in children.
Седация может повысить комфорт пациента во время спинальной анестезии. Понимание взаимосвязи между концентрацией пропофола и уровнем седации пациента позволит достичь желаемого уровня седации с минимальными побочными эффектами. Биспектральный (BIS) мониторинг обеспечивает объективное неинвазивное измерение уровня сознания у пациентов, находящихся под седацией. Было показано, что седация повышает удовлетворенность пациентов во время регионарной анестезии. Пропофол широко используется в качестве седативного средства. В этом исследовании мы стремились определить, является ли BIS полезным дополнительным маневром для снижения седативной дозы пропофола с помощью BIS.
Funnel chest deformity (PEH), one of the most common developmental anomalies in children, is a congenital pathology characterized by recession into the sternum and cartilaginous part of the ribs with the formation of a funnel-shaped depression on the anterior surface of the chest. A funnel chest can lead to serious disorders of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The narrowing of the chest cavity along the midline and the horizontal arrangement of the ribs, in addition to the created cosmetic defect, determine the development of restrictive respiratory disorders, which acquire clinical manifestations with age that threaten the quality of life. Any variant of thoracoplasty is a traumatic operation and requires adequate anesthesia during the operation.
BACKGROUND: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of hospital mortality in children. a decisive role in improving the results of treatment of this group of patients belongs to early diagnosis and pathogenetic therapy. AIM: this study optimizes the diagnosis and intensive care of surgical sepsis in children based on clinical and laboratory criteria and bacteriological monitoring.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: the study period is 2018–2020. the study subjects were children (n = 73) with surgical pathology (diffuse purulent peritonitis, bacterial destruction of the lungs, post-traumatic brain hematomas, injuries of the abdominal organs, and others). clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed, and microbiological monitoring was performed to determine antibiotic sensitivity.
RESULTS: Patients who developed sepsis had a pronounced hypermetabolic syndrome, which was manifested by tachycardia and tachypnea, hyperthermia, low levels of albumin, and total protein in the blood. Protein catabolism in patients was accompanied by a decrease in globulins (IgG) synthesis and the development of a secondary immunodeficiency state. Both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms were involved in developing surgical sepsis in children, increasing the proportion of the latter. Given the high proportion of multi-resistant flora, empirical combined de-escalation antibiotic therapy (aBt) with broad-spectrum antibiotics was prescribed. this was followed by its revision based on microbiological monitoring and clinical and laboratory data of the patient with sepsis. Studies have shown the effectiveness of complex intensive care in 86.3% of cases. Mortality occurred in 13.7% of cases. Patients with severe surgical pathology died: fecal, generalized peritonitis, severe traumatic brain injury + coma with irreversible neurological disorders, and urosepsis against the background of chronic renal failure after repeated surgical interventions.
CONCLUSIONS: early diagnosis of sepsis, rational aBt under the control of microbiological monitoring, non-aggressive infusion therapy, and active sanitation of the surgical infection focus contributed to a decrease in mortality in this category of patients.
The problem of choosing the option of optimal anesthesia in order to reduce the risk of adverse reactions and complications remains its relevance, especially in children, and is far from its final decision.
Regional anesthesia in frequently used during the perioperative period in both adult and pediatric patients to achieve better pain control and faster recovery after surgery. Significant progress in regional anesthesia has been achieved recently due to the availability of ultrasound guidance. In this systematic review and meta-analyses, randomized trials on the use of regional blocks
in anesthesiology were evaluated, including new blockade techniques that expand the possibilities of regional anesthesia.
Interfascial blocks are considered a subgroup of peripheral nerve blocks, a set of techniques that have been already employed in perioperative pain management. Their advantages include less invasiveness, significant reduction in the need for opioid analgesics, low complication rates, and flexibility of approaches to accommodate specific surgical needs. Despite considerable interest in interfascial blocks in pediatric anesthesiologists, data on its safety are lacking, with a few randomized controlled trials providing low-quality evidence. Future prospective studies are warranted to evaluate interfascial blocks in the pediatric population.
Central neuraxial blocks (CNB), which include spinal, epidural, combined spinal epidural (CSE) and caudal epidural anesthesia, are widely practiced methods of regional anesthesia (RA) in adults [1,2].
Кidney transplantation is а high-tech radical method ofrenal replacement therapy that сап signijcantly prolongs the life and imrove its quality in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure (CRF). ln pediatric patients, а successfully регformed kidney transplantion not only eliminates the clinical manifestations ofchronic renalfailure, but also normalizes bone growth, puberty, mental development and social adaptation.
Was assessing both the effectiveness and safety of anesthetic management and optimizing postoperative anesthesia under conditions of multimodal anesthesia abdominal operations in children. The authors examined 61 children aged 1 to 14 years with abdominal operations (malformations, diseases, and abdominal organ injuries). To ensure anesthetic protection, patients underwent combined general anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl (induction) with inhalation of sevoflurane + propofol intra venous (maintenance) in combination with epidural blockade with bupivacaine. According to surgical intervention, the arrangement of perioperative analgesic protection provided a favorable correction of the hemodynamic status of patients, a decrease in inhalation anesthetic, promoted a smooth course of the postoperative period, a long painless period, an excellent psychoemotional background, and rapid postoperative recovery
Adequate fluid therapy in the perioperative period is important to improve postoperative outcomes, since normovolemia is an essential factor in hemodynamic stability and homeostasis. It's clear that the volume and composition of the administered infusion solutions thus affect the duration of the need for artificial lung ventilation (ALV), the duration of stay in the intensive care unit and intensive care. Optimization of perioperative infusion therapy helps to improve postoperative results, reduce perioperative complications and reduce hospital stays. Thus, optimal management of perioperative infusion is an important component of accelerated
recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways.