Том 3 № 16 (2024): Models and methods in modern science

Berilganlar bazasi asosida hisobotlarni shakllantirish tashkilotlar uchun toʻgʻri qaror qabul qilishda muhim ahamiyatga ega. Ushbu maqolada turli berilganlar bazalari, ETL jarayonlari va BI platformalaridan samarali foydalanish orqali hisobotlarni optimallashtirish usullari koʻrib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari hisobotlar samaradorligini oshirish uchun toʻgʻri metod va texnologiyalarni qoʻllash zarurligini koʻrsatadi.

Sog'lom odamning tishini qoplaydigan emal qatlami etarlicha mustahkam tuzilishga ega, chunki uning asosiy maqsadi tishning ichki tuzilmalarini tashqi muhitning salbiy ta'siridan himoya qilishdir. Biroq, tanadagi ichki muammolar tufayli muammo yuzaga keladigan vaziyatlar mumkin. Masalan, tish emalining gipoplaziyasi istisnosiz barcha tish to'qimalariga ta'sir qilishi mumkin bo'lgan kasallikdir.

As we mentioned in our previous articles, hundreds of medical experts around the world are looking for the origin of dementia and mental retardation diseases and ways to detect them in advance. We are talking about the drugs that prevent them.

This article describes the causes of leukemia, the types of treatment for patients with leukemia and the changes in their body.

Муҳтарам Президентимиз Шавкат Мирзиёев айтганларидек,  “Ёшлар –халқимизнинг асосий таянчи ва суянчи”. Кенг кўламли ислоҳотларимизнинг самарали амалга оширишида улар ҳал қилувчи бўлиб майдонга чиқмоқда. Ҳозирги глоббалашиётган замон ва таҳликали вазиятда биз вояга етмаганлар билан мунтазам равишда жиноятчилик ва ҳуқуқбузарлик профилактикасини олиб боришимиз зарур.

В научно-исследовательской работе представлены геометрические размеры, показатели твердости и результаты, полученные после коконования желтых коконов, обладающих высокой шелковистостью и ярко-желтым цветом.

Problem of marginal psychoneurotic disturbances in patients with variousomatic pathologies has become urgent for the last decade. Psychoneurotic dsturbances can be leading for quite a long time masking other manifestations of an underlying disease. prevalence of depressive conditions was found to grow for the last years; by 2020 depression is estimated to occupy a leading place in general structure of disease incidences.

В данной статье описывается роль международных оценочных исследований в оценке знаний учащихся начальных классов, их значение и содержание в системе образования.

Mazkur maqolada  omonim so’zlar o’quv lug’atida so’z tanlash va lug’atning tuzilishihaqida fikr-mulohazalar bildirildi.

Ushbu maqola zamonaviy texnikaning rivojlanishida yangi polimer kompozitsiyalarning yaratilishi va qo‘llanilishi haqida tahlil qiladi. Polimer kompozitsiyalari o‘zining yuqori mustahkamligi, yengilligi va chidamliligi tufayli aviatsiya, avtomobilsozlik, qurilish va energetika kabi ko‘plab sohalarda keng qo‘llanilmoqda. Maqolada ushbu kompozitsiyalarning texnologik rivojlanishi va ularning texnik taraqqiyotga qo‘shayotgan hissasi yoritilgan.

In this thesis it is given that every person has a unique set of bilingual traits; it might be difficult to sum up bilingualism in a few words. There could be disparities in a language's aptitude and use, or in the level of expertise between the two languages. Most people learn to speak two languages because they find it useful in their daily activities. As a result, each person's level of bilingualism will be unique. Although it is relatively typical to have a dominant language, bilinguals are not always completely fluent in both of their languages. It should be mentioned that learning to communicate in two languages takes time. One cannot become bilingual after studying a language for six months. Information on bingualism hypothesis is included in this article.

Buxoro - muhandislik texnologiya instituti   700-24 TJA guruhi talabalari. Tuz, tabiatning eng oddiy, lekin eng zaruriy elementlaridan biridir. U nafaqat taomga lazzat qo'shadi, balki hayot uchun muhim biologik funktsiyalarni ta'minlaydi. Tuz suyuqliklar muvozanatini saqlash, nerv tizimini qo'llab-quvvatlash va mushak faoliyatini tartibga solishda muhim rol o'ynaydi.

Modifikatsiyalangan adgeziv moddalar hozirgi kunda hayotimizda, sanoatda eng zarur, kerakli mahsulot hisoblanadi.

Ushbu maqolada o’quvchilarda tanqidiy fikrlashni shakllantirish texnologiyasi pedagoglar tomonidan maxsus turdagi topshiriqlar mustaqil faoliyat turlarini bajarish orqali ro’yobga chiqarilishini va ularning samaradorligini amalga oshirilishi, maktablarda o’quvchilar darsliklarda berilayotgan ma’lumotlarni yodlashlari emas, balki, ularda tanqidiy fikrni rivojlantirishimiz kerakligi yoritilgan.

В статье раскрывается значение метрологической экспертизы на всех этапах жизненного цикла изделий, приведена нормативная база проведения экспертизы, а также рассматривается влияние качества метрологической экспертизы технической документации на качество производимых изделий.

Маълумки, инсон, унинг ҳаёти, озодлиги, шаъни, қадр-қиммати ҳамда бошқа ажралмас ҳуқуқ ва эркинликлари муқаддас саналиб, улар давлат томонидан қонун билан кафолатланган.

This article analyzes the features of national color reflection in the translation of Charlotte Bronte's novel "Jane Eyre" into Uzbek. The work shows the unique aspects of the English national spirit and culture, while the issues of adapting these aspects for the Uzbek reader and preserving the national diversity were considered in the translation process. The problems that arise in the process of translation, i.e. intercultural differences, linguistic and stylistic adaptations, as well as the creative approaches of the translator are studied. The article, based on the principles of reflecting the national color in the medium of translation, reflects on the methods of preserving the original spirit of the work in the Uzbek language translation.

In this thesis, the nature of campristic pedagogy and its importance in the process of training future pedagogic personnel are explained. The concept of camprist pedagogy is considered as an integrated pedagogical approach to the modern educational process, and its positive results in the educational process are analyzed. The thesis also analyzes the main principles and methods of the camprist approach in improving the professional qualifications of pedagogical personnel and preparing them for effective pedagogical activities in the future. On a scientific basis, educational and didactic possibilities of this pedagogy, as well as recommendations for practical application have been developed.

“Yangi tahrirdagi O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasi davlatchilik, ijtimoiy-siyosiy, ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy va sud-huquq sohalarini bundan keyin ham barqaror rivojlantirish uchun mustahkam zamin yaratdi”. Ushbu haqqoniy e’tirof O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Shavkat Mirziyoev 2024-yil oktyabrda imzolagan “O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasi kuni bayramiga tayyorgarlik ko‘rish va uni o‘tkazish to‘g‘risida”gi farmoyishda alohida ta’kidlandi. Unga ko‘ra, Konstitutsiyaning 32 yilligini munosib kutib olish va yuksak saviyada nishonlosh uchun “Konstitutsiya – erkin va farovon hayot garovi” degan bosh g‘oyani o‘zida mujassam etgan tashkiliy-amaliy hamda ma’naviy-ma’rifiy tadbirlarni samarali tashkil etilishi belgilandi.

this work includes research on the essence of radicalization and its impact on socio-political life. It analyzes the initial stages of radicalization, the process of indoctrination, and methods of inclining members towards new ways of thinking using the Ḥizb al-Taḥrīr organization as an example. The research findings identify the main stages of radicalization, including the incorporation of group ideologies into individuals and the formation of a "party personality." Additionally, it emphasizes the necessity of enhancing measures against radicalization and effective prevention against extremist ideas, which will strengthen scientific foundations aimed at protecting youth from harmful influences.

Внастоящей статье в бухарской местной прессе «Бухаро Ахбори» и «Озод Бухаро» описываются события, связанные с голодом в Предуральском и Поволжском регионах России в 1921-1922 гг.

Ushbu maqolada Abduqayum Yo`ldoshning “Timsohning ko`z yoshlari” qissasi tahlil qilingan bo`lib, undagi obrazlar poetikasi o`rganilishi davomida yozuvchining badiiy mahorati hamda asarda aks ettirgan obrazli tafakkur haqida mufassal va muxtasar tushuncha beriladi. Bundan tashqari, qissa janrining o`ziga xosligiga va obraz tushunchalarining paydo bo`lishiga ham birmuncha to`xtab o`tilgan.

Bulutli hisoblash texnologiyasi foydalanuvchilarga internetga ulangan qurilmalari: kompyuterlar, smartfonlar, planshetlar va taqiladigan qurilmalar orqali saqlash, fayllar, dasturiy ta'minot va serverlarga kirish imkonini beradi. Bulutli hisoblash provayderlari ma'lumotlarni oxirgi foydalanuvchilardan alohida joyda saqlaydi va qayta ishlaydi.

Ushbu maqolada ADM firmasining zamonaviy kompyuterlari va ularning zamonaviy protsessorlarini  ishlashi, xususiyatlari, afzalliklari ko’rib chiqiladi, shuningdek, maqolamiz boshida ushbu ADM firmasi protsessorlari kelib chiqish tarixi va tashkil etilishi haqida ham so’z boradi.

«Бошқарув» тушунчасининг мазмунини тушуниб олмасдан туриб ички ишлар органларида бошқарувни ўрганишни тасаввур қилиб бўлмайди. «Бошқарув» тушунчасининг умумий таърифини ишлаб чиқиш имконияти бошқарув одамларнинг ҳар қандай гуруҳий фаолиятига хослиги билан белгиланади. Бошқарув у ёки бу ижтимоий организм фаолиятининг объектив жиҳатдан зарурий шарт-шароити          ҳисобланади. Бошқарув орқали якка шахсларнинг ҳаракатлари мувофиқлаштирилади ва бирлаштирилади, вазифалар ҳал қилинади ва умумий мақсадларга эришилади.

Gout is a metabolic disease characterized by the accumulation of uric acid in the body, leading to the formation of crystals. Gouty nephropathy, as a complication of gout, refers to kidney dysfunction in patients suffering from this condition. This thesis explores the biochemical markers associated with gout and gouty nephropathy, particularly focusing on the role of creatinine and uric acid levels in the development of the disease.

It was found that in acute destructive pancreatitis occur microcirculation system changes, both in the breast tissue, and other organs and systems. [1-2].   One of the most sensitive to hypoxia arising structures is the mucous membrane of the digestive tract. [3].   It is known that erosive lesions of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum often occurs in acute pancreatitis, but it is unclear whether there is a relationship between the degree of change in this area and the severity of acute pancreatitis. [4-7]. 

Mustаqillik yillаridа respublikamizda O‘zbеkistоn tаriхini hаr tоmоnlаmа хоlis vа ilmiy jihаtdаn mukаmmаl vа tаriхiy dаlillаrgа аsоslаngаn hоldа yoritishgа alohida e’tibоr qaratilib kelinmoqda. Jаhоn tаriхining аjrаlmаs tаrkibiy qismi hisоblаngаn Vаtаnimiz tаriхi o‘zining nаfаqаt qаdimiyligi, bаlki uzоq dаvоm etgаn tаriхiy jаrаyonlаrining umumjаhоn tаriхiy tаrаqqiyoti jаrаyonlаrigа judа kаttа tа’sir etgаnligi bilаn hаm ilm аhli e’tibоrini o‘zigа tоrtib kеlmоqdа.

The Fergana Valley, a region rich in history, culture, and natural beauty, has great potential for tourism development. However, to maximize its tourism potential, the valley must focus on enhancing tourism service quality and infrastructure. This article explores the current state of tourism in the Fergana Valley, identifies challenges, and proposes strategies for improving tourism services in the region. Effective management, innovative solutions, and strategic government support are essential for sustainable growth in the local tourism sector.

Futbol mutaxassislari tomonidan o‘rganilgan taktik harakatlardan ko‘pincha, hujum va himoya taktikasiga e’tibor berilgan. Bunda ular hujumni samarali yakunlash va himoyada ishonchli o‘yin ko‘rsatishga katta ahamiyat berishgandir. O‘tmish futbol uchrashuvlarda ham taktika tanlashda hujum va himoya jihatlarga e’tibor qaratilgan. Lekin, futbolda to‘pni olib qo‘yib, tez hujumlarni boshlab samarali yakunlashda, pressing taktikasi ham muhimdir. Ilmiy adabiyotlarda pressing taktikasi haqida ma’lumotlar kamligini ta’kidlash o‘rinlidir. Bunda biz o‘tmishdagi futbol uchrashuvlarda pressing taktikasini qo‘llashni amalga oshirmaganligini ta’kidlashimiz mumkin. Bugungi davr tezkor futbolidan pressing harakatlar, uni maydonda qo‘llash, jamoa g‘alabsida muhim ahamiyatga egadir.

A master class is an interactive form of learning and exchange of experience, combining the format of a training and a conference.A master class is a special genre for disseminating successful work experience based on an original author's methodology.A master class in pedagogy is close to an open lesson; it implies active participation in one form or another of the adult audience present. Three main types of pedagogical master classes are distinguished.

In the context of New Uzbekistan, the system of vocational training is being continuously improved to meet the current demands and needs of enterprises for the professional potential of personnel. Specifically, "in our country, consistent efforts are being made to increase the well-being of the population, especially young people, through the creation of new jobs and active support for entrepreneurial initiatives. Additionally, addressing the tasks in this area necessitates creating an effective system for training highly skilled workers, taking into account the needs of the labor market, including the requirements of large enterprises and clusters being established locally" . In resolving this task, priority is given to enhancing the effectiveness of reforms in the education system.

This article discusses the current issue, namely, the importance of educating students in a sense of environmental awareness, society and general responsibility, and the importance of preserving the purity of the atmosphere as an important source for creating a healthy environment in the future.

The authors of the publication analyze the essence of collaborative learning based on foreign sources. It is noted that collaborative learning allows developing students' responsibility for joint activities and contributes to the formation of collective intelligence. Collaborative learning is most effective when students work on creating a common project. The services that allow organizing collaborative e-learning are listed (Google Drive, Podio, Show Document, Open Study, Kidblog, Padlet, etc.).

Aholi uchun mavjud bo‘lgan omonat turlari va ularning jozibadorligini oshirish strategiyasi bank muassasalarining moliyaviy barqarorligi va o‘sishi uchun hal qiluvchi ahamiyatga ega. Har xil depozit turlari har xil ehtiyoj va imtiyozlarga javob beradi, shu bilan birga ularning jozibadorligini oshirish strategiyalari banklarga ko‘proq mijozlarni jalb qilishga yordam beradi. Ushbu javob depozit turlari va ularning jozibadorligini oshirish strategiyalari haqida keng qamrovli ma'lumot berish uchun bir nechta tadqiqotlardan olingan fikrlarni sintez qiladi.

Кейинги йилларда мамлакатимизда жиноятчиликка қарши курашиш ва ҳуқуқбузарликларнинг олдини олиш бўйича кенг кўламли ислохатлар амалга оширилмоқда.

Liver disease leads to impaired blood clotting mainly due to malfunction of platelet adhesion and aggregation. [7]. This dysfunction is related to the activity of specific enzymes and transaminases in the liver [3,6]. An increase in the activity of transaminases is a sign of cytolytic syndrome, in which a decrease in platelet aggregation is observed [1.].

The article addresses the issue of evaluating and analyzing the quality of teaching. Assessing and analyzing teaching quality is considered one of the main priorities of the modern education system. Ensuring quality and effectiveness in education, objectively assessing each student’s knowledge level, and identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the educational process to improve it are crucial. This article analyzes methods for evaluating teaching quality, methodologies for determining quality indicators, and various approaches in the assessment process, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, special attention is given to the importance of using modern innovative technologies to enhance teaching quality. The purpose of the article is to recommend effective mechanisms aimed at improving teaching quality.                     

Regardless of the duration of pain and gestational age, a clinically confirmed diagnosis of acute appendicitis requires immediate surgical intervention. In the study groups, diagnostic errors in the pre-hospital stage, especially associated with prolonged gestation, were high. In the retrospective subgroup of the study, this diagnosis was confirmed in 34% of 45 pregnant women with suspected acute appendicitis within the first 4-8 hours, and in 44.4% of 90 pregnant women in the prospective group, which clearly demonstrates the difficulties in diagnosing acute appendicitis in pregnant women. Diagnostic errors in the II and III trimesters of pregnancy were observed in 16.7%. Incorrect diagnoses at referral: threat of premature termination of pregnancy, acute pyelonephritis, renal colic, gastritis, duodenal ulcer, "acute abdomen". Errors in diagnosis can lead to inappropriate hospitalization, delayed treatment, and other complications.

This article examines the concept and essence of lawful demands made by police officers to citizens. It analyzes the fundamental requirements for such demands and their practical significance. Additionally, the article explores how adherence to lawful demands contributes to strengthening trust between society and state institutions.