All articles - Infectious Diseases
Number of articles: 646
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The aim of the study is to assess the indicators of respiratory function (FVD) in the early rehabilitation period in patients who have undergone COVID-19. Material and methods of research: 281 patients with various clinical manifestations of post-covid syndrome were under observation (main observation group). As a comparison group (CG), 20 patients were examined who had undergone COVID-19 at the same time, in which the infection ended in full recovery. The control group consisted of 20 people who did not tolerate COVID-19 and did not suffer from diseases of the respiratory system. Patients underwent multislice computed tomography (MSCT) of the chest organs, ultrasound examination of the lungs (USIL) and computed pneumotachometry. Results of the study: In the period of early rehabilitation, the patients underwent control MSCT. In the comparison group, the relative dynamics of MSCT was significantly higher than in the patients of the main group (p <0.001). The average score for the loss of airiness of the pulmonary parenchyma according to ultrasound scan data was 14.70 ± 10.65 points in the main group and 7.40 ± 6.54 points in the comparison group (p <0.001). In patients of the main group, the values of VC and FEV1 were significantly lower than in representatives of the CG and the comparison group (p <0.001 for both comparisons of both indicators). VC value strongly negatively correlated with the volume of pulmonary parenchyma lesions according to MSCT (r = -0.84, p <0.01) and USIL (r = - 0.76, p <0.01). Conclusion: In patients with postcovid syndrome, according to spirometry data, various disorders of the external respiration function are found in 84.70%. The degree of functional impairment of the lungs depended on the area of damage to the lung tissue. The value of VC, reflecting the severity of restriction, strongly negatively correlated with the volume of the lesion of the pulmonary parenchyma according to MSCT USIL data. -
TASTE SENSITIVITY OF LANGUAGE IN GLOSSALGED PATIENTS WHO HAVE BEEN HAVING COVID-19 AT THE STAGE OF REHABILITATIONThe presented article is devoted to the actual problem of therapeutic dentistry, the determination of the taste sensitivity of the tongue with glossalgia in patients who have undergone COVID-19 at the stage of rehabilitation. Purpose of the study: To study the taste sensitivity of the tongue using the density measurement method in patients with glossalgia who have undergone COVID - Materials and methods : 88 people took part in the study, they were divided into 2 groups: the main group -51 people with glossalgia who underwent COVID-19 and the comparison group consisted of 37 people who have only glossalgia, who did not have COVID-19. (Table 1). The study period was 3.6 months after treatment. In the main group of patients there were 15 men (29.41± 6.38%), in the comparison group - 8 men (21.62± 6.77%). The number of women in the main group was 36 (70.59 ± 6.38% ), in the comparison group - 29 (78.38 ± 6.77% ). ( Chi-square = 8.647; p = 0.003; Chi-square = 11.919; p = 0.001) are reliably significant. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals, including 11 women and 9 men. Patients in the comparison group with glossalgia who did not have COVID -19 received traditional treatment with oral baths, antioxidants, and patients with glossalgia who underwent COVID -19 received complex pathogenetic treatment, compiled together with a neuropathologist using sedative, antioxidant drugs, and physiotherapy were re-determined indicators of taste sensitivity of the tongue. Research results and discussion : In the studied groups of patients with glossalgia, especially those who underwent COVID-19 (main group) compared with patients with glossalgia who did not have COVID-19 (comparison group), there was a change in the HJF threshold for all types of stimuli - sweet, salty, sour and bitter, which is explained by the combination of glossalgia - as a ncuro-dcntal disease, as well as the influence of the psychoemotional state of patients who have undergone COVID -19 in combination with neurological pathology (main group). Conclusions: 1 .After carrying out a complex pathogenetic treatment, compiled together with a neuropathologist in patients with glossalgia who have undergone COVID-19, when determining the taste sensitivity of the tongue to sweet, salty, sour and bitter, there is a significant decrease in modality indicators, respectively, by 50.00%, 72.00% , 51.80% and 41.30% (P <0.001).
Medicine and innovations -
SUMMARY.The article provides an overview of the incidence of fungal infections as opportunistic diseases in HIV / AIDS. One of the important factors in the growth of fungal infection and the aggravation of the course of diseases caused by it is secondary immunodeficiency caused by HIV, the resistance of the skin layer and the effect of fungal infection on the immune system. Therefore, studying fungal infections in patients with HIV / AIDS, in particular identifying the types of fungi that cause fungal infections and determining their sensitivity to antifungal drugs, can significantly reduce the mortality of these patients from generalized fungal infection. -
THE ROLE OF CHRONIC FOCALS OF INFECTION IN THE NOSOPHALTIC AND LUNGS ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF PLATE BODIES IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL FLEXIBILITY OF THE PALATE.In 71 children with congenital cleft palate (CCP), the role of chronic foci of infection in the nasopharynx and lungs in the regulation of platelet properties was studied. An imbalance of the LPO-AOS system was established: excessive LPO activity at low values of AOS indices, which leads to a change in the aggregation activity of platelets.
Medicine and innovations -
ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE ENDOTHELIUM IN PATIENTS WITH VIRAL HEPATITIS BEFORE TOOTH EXTRACTIONAbstract Tooth extraction is the most common operation, after which hemorrhagic complications often occur, especially in patients with chronic viral liver disease. This condition is caused by damage to the endothelial lining of blood vessels. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to study the features of endothelial dysfunction before tooth extraction in patients with viral hepatitis. 58 patients with hepatitis В and C with different prescription periods of the disease were examined. In patients with viral hepatitis, an increase in platelet aggregation activity on the effect of an ADP inducer (Tma) by 45% was noted before tooth extraction. The lengthening of the activated recalcification time (AVR) by 37% observed by us in patients with viral hepatitis reflects a deficiency of plasma factors (XII, XI, XIII ) of the blood coagulation system and indicates a state of hypocoagulation. Against this background, high values of alpha-2 macroglobulin in the blood (4 times) and Willebrand factor (15%) and a significant decrease (by 35%) in the content of protein C in the blood of the examined patients were noted. The obtained results of the study indicate that these patients have a narrow band of maintaining hemostatic balance, and the existing balance can easily be transformed into hypo- or hypercoagulation, which requires preventive measures to prevent complications after tooth extraction.
Medicine and innovations -
FUNGUS-ASSOCIATED OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE FACE MIDDLE ZONE IN PATIENTS UNDERWENT A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19.Aggressive fungal infections caused by molds of the genus Mucorales and Aspergillus, with damage to vital organs and tissues, require prompt diagnosis and timely administration of antifungal therapy with surgical irrigation of foci to minimize the complications and prevent death.
Medicine and innovations -
POSTCOVID SYNDROME. CASES FROM PRACTICE. CHRONIC OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE UPPER JAWAnnotation :The article illustrates the clinical cases of patients with postcovid syndrome: osteomyelitis of the upper jaw, clinical and radiological examination, treatment tactics and the assumption of the etiology of this complication.
Medicine and innovations -
ANALYSIS OF THE INCIDENCE OF XEROSTOMIA IN PATIENTS WHO HAVE UNDERGONE COVID-19To date, the selection of the correct treatment of the consequences of the manifestation of coronavirus infection in the oral cavity is an urgent problem in the practice of a dentist. A change in the perception of taste, olfactory sensitivity, the appearance of dryness in the oral cavity - all this accompanies the lack of comfort of a person’s life in society, which can subsequently lead to serious psychological complexes. The consequence of xerostomia is damage to the mucous membrane, the development of diseases caused by periodontal pathogenic factors, infectious lesions of the oral cavityby the type of candidiasis. Xerostomia can cause poor oral hygiene, which in turn will lead to the risk of developing carious lesions of the teeth.
Medicine and innovations -
Viruses are the etiological factor in 15% of all oncopathologies in the world and lead to the development of virus-associated tumors. Viral infection contributes to oral potentially malignant disorders that are prone to malignant transformation. The peculiarity of development is that the virus can be in a latent state for many years in the body and then promote in favorable conditions. The aim of the study is to contribute to the effectiveness of the methods of the early diagnosis of precancers and oncological transformation of the oral mucosa, taking into account the etiopathogcnctic features of the progression of tumors. 457 patients of both sexes aged 18 to 65 years with various diseases of the oral mucosa were examined, of which 14.9% were earners of the human papilloma virus (HPV) and The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).Methods of research: clinical, analytical, autofluorescent stomatoscopy, liquid cytology, PCR diagnostics of HPV and EBV. The introduction of antiviral drugs into the standard therapy made it possible to achieve the complete decurrence of pathological lesions and achieve a stable and longterm remission. -
The review reflects the current state of the problem of brucellosis. The article presents data on the prevalence, recent data on the immunological aspects of the pathogenesis of brucellosis infection, mechanisms of intracellular persistence and interaction of brucellosis with host cells. -
The laboratory characteristics of enteropathogenic (EPE) and enteroinvasive escherichiosis (EIE) in children have been studied and their comparative characteristics have been carried out. There were examined 82 sick children with early age Escherichiosis. caused in 28 by enteroinvasive, in 54 with enteropathogenic strains. In children with EPE, secretory diarrhea was observed, and EIE — colitis. There was no statistical reliability of the results between the compared groups of patients in relation to quantitative changes in the general blood test, but there was a more frequent decrease in the number of hemoglobin and blood erythrocytes compared with EPE. When coproscopic examination in the group of sick children with EIE. there was an increase in the frequency of detection of the presence of blood and erythrocytes, which amounted to 39.2% of the case in both indicators, respectively, while the concentration of iodo-philic microflora, soap and leukocytes were significantly more frequent in patients with EPE in comparison with EIE. It should be emphasized that in 20.3% of sick children with EPE and 46.4% of children with EIE. protein was found in the urine, which indicates that in this contingent of patients there was a violation of renal excretory function. The detection of leukocytes, mucus and bacteria in the urine may be a consequence of inflammatory processes in the renal parenchyma. -
KEY STRATEGIES FOR ORGANIZING OF INTENSIVE CARE UNITS WORK AT THE STAGES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMICAccording to the World Health Organization, "coronavirus infection C0VID-19 is a potentially severe acute respiratory infection caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the specific complications of which may include viral pneumonia, entailing respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome with a high risk of mortality" [13].
Doctor's Herald -
EXPERIENCE OF THE NATIONAL VACCINATION PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION AGAINST HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTANIntroduction. Cervical cancer is one of the most serious threats to women's health. This is the fourth most common cancer in women around the world. According to the forecasts of international experts (taking into account population growth and an increase of life span expectancy), the increase in the incidence and prevalence of cervical cancer will have made up 40% in developing countries and in economically developed countries - 11% by 2020. In the case of non-conducting timely measures for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, malignant neoplasms of the cervix will affect up to 1 million women annually after 2050 in the world. Aim of the study is primary prevention of cervical cancer by introducing vaccination to 9 years old girls of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Material and methods. The Gardasil MK vaccine was imported to the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2019. From October 21 to November 30, 2019, the first dose was vaccinated to 9 years old girls in the republic; the introduction of the 2nd dose is planned in 6 months. Results and discussion. Vaccination rates significantly increased after the measures taken on November 30: in the city of Tashkent - 97%, in the Tashkent region - 90.8%, in Bukhara - 90.2%. Refusers made up 66.9% of unvaccinated girls. Temporary left who also did not receive vaccination made up 360 (4%). 1935 girls were not vaccinated by other reasons and they made up 21.4% of the total unvaccinated population. Conclusion. As a result of joint efforts by the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Ministry of Health with the support of international organizations from WHO and UNICEF, the first dose of the tetravalent HPV vaccine - Gardasil MK- was successfully administered to 9 years old girls all over the country. According to the data of Health Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan no adverse reactions were observed in 292,867 girls after vaccination.
Doctor's Herald -
This article details the pathogenetic aspects of Covid-19 and post-covid-19 lung complications. The mechanisms of viral damage, the cellular level of the host response, as well as the inflammatory and fibrotic responses to Covid-19 arc examined in detail, all the results described show that adequate individually tailored ventilation support for damaged or initially "hard" lungs can reduce the severity of stress-induced release of fibroblast transforming factor beta and to reduce the activity of СРВ-induced activation of profibrotic signals. -
The present pandemic and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) have resulted in a significant number of deaths worldwide. Today the number of deaths exceeds 4.55 million people. To identify drugs for additional effective treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection, a screen was created to measure the dimerization of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the main virus entry receptor into the cell. This screen identified fenofibric acid, the active metabolite of fenofibrate. Fenofibric acid also destabilized the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein and inhibited the binding of RBD to ACE2 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fenofibrate and fenofibric acid have been tested by two independent laboratories. In both cases, at concentrations of the drug in clinical doses, fenofibrate and fenofibric acid reduced viral infection by up to 70% (15. 23]. Together with an extensive history of clinical use and a relatively good safety profile, this study identifies fenofibrate as a potential therapeutic agent requiring clinical evaluation for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in comorbid patients with hypertension and high body mass index. -
Preventive measures aimed at reducing the risk of perinatal transmission of HIV from an infected mother to a child are among the most urgent tasks of modern obstetrics. -
This article describes in detail the diagnostic aspects of thromboembolic complications in patients with COVID -19, as well as therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the risk of thromboembolic complications in patients with COVID-19. -
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF ENTEROVIRUS ETIOLOGY SEROUS MENINGITIS IN CHILDRENThis article examines an examination of 16 patients aged 1 to 14 years with a laboratory confirmed (cerebrospinal fluid PChR) diagnosis of enterovirus meningitis. All patients, depending on age, were divided into 3 groups. The main group of cases was made up of school children. The course of the disease in all cases is benign with a short febrile period, a short period of clinically pronounced meningeal syndrom.
Doctor's Herald -
THE IMPORTANCE OF PALLIATIVE MEDICAL CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH SEVERE AND CHRONIC FORMS OF TUBERCULOSISPalliative care is an approach aimed at improving the quality of life of patients and their families with hfe-threatening disease-related problems. The aim of the study was to determine the need for palliative care in patients with severe and chronic forms of tuberculosis. This study involved 43 patients with severe or moderate tuberculosis. We used the HADS scale to help determine the level of anxiety and depression in patients, the Charlson scale to determine the level of comorbidity in patients with long-term follow-up, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to assess chronic pain. In summary, treatment of patients with severe and chronic forms of tuberculosis requires palliative care, including medical and psychological interventions.
Doctor's Herald -
ASSESSMENT OF MORPHOMETRIC CHANGES OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT IN PATIENTS WITH GNATIC FORM OF OCCLUSION ANOMALYThe study involved 34 patients with gnathic forms of occlusion anomalies (GFOA) whom were conducted reconstructive operations on the jaws at the department of pediatric maxillofacial surgery at the clinic of TSDI. On the basis of complaints and anterior active rhinometry (PARM). the state of nasal breathing was studied. According to the results of PARM. in 79.2% of patients the condition of nasal obstruction (NO) associated with structural changes in the jaws. In order to influence the structural component of the NO surgical intervention is required. When drawing up a plan for the integrated treatment of patients with GFOA. it is necessary to take into account the severity of NO for prevent disruption of the functioning of various organs and systems.
Stomatologiya -
Tuberculosis is a deadly disease that is becoming more serious every year. According to the WHO. about a third of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis. A new case of infection occurs approximately every second. Tuberculosis is a social problem that causes significant damage due to disability and premature death at the most productive age. The deterioration of the ecological situation, migration, and a decrease in the living standards of the population have led to a significant deterioration in the epidemiological situation. In Uzbekistan, there is a high incidence of children from contact with patients with tuberculosis. The epidemic process is negatively affected by the developing epidemic of HIV infection, as well as the growth of patients with multidrug resistance, mycobacterium tuberculosis to anti-tuberculosis drugs. At present, a comprehensive program has been developed in the Republic of Uzbekistan for the elimination of tuberculosis, which makes it possible to identify and cure the disease in the early stages. Tuberculosis still kills thousands of people around the world every year. This is an extremely dangerous and insidious enemy of all mankind. Tuberculosis stands alongside AIDS and tumors and continues to claim lives. Kidney tuberculosis is the most common form of extrapuhnonary tuberculosis. -
The article describes the features of the course of coronavirus infection in patients with kidney disease. The study conducted based on 18 family polyclinics. Were taken patients of two age groups with chronic kidney disease. The laboratory parameters of patients who had had coronavirus infection were assessed, such as lymphopenia, increased ESR. neutrophilia, increased CRP, procalcitonin, urea, creatinine, proteinuria, D-dimer. hematuria. According to the results of studies, covid was more severe in patients with chronic kidney disease in the older age group, which corresponds to the literature data. -
CLINICAL AND LABORATORICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS IN CIRROSIS OF HEPATIC VIRAL ETIOLOGYThe clinical and laboratorical characteristics of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with cirrhosis of the liver of viral etiology were studied. Л total of 58 (32 (55.2%) men and 26 (40.6%) women) patients with cirrhosis of the liver of viral etiology aged 30 to 69 years were examined. Upon admission, all patients underwent diagnostic laparocen-tesis, followed by counting the number of neutrophils in the AF and plating on culture media. It was established in the examined patients that cirrhosis with HCV markers was most frequently encountered. An analysis of the infection factors in the examined patients with liver cirrhosis with complicated SBP showed that problems associated with parenteral interventions were noted by 67.3% and the source of infection was not established in 24.1% of patients. The most common signs of SBP were dyspeptic symptoms-60.3%. fever-37.9%, leukocytosis with the appearance of immature forms of leukocytes-48.2%.
Doctor's Herald -
TO STUDY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIRECT-ACTING ANTIVIRAL DRUGS IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS CEpidemiological features of patients with HCV infection who were under dispensary observation in polyclinics of the Bukhara region were studied, the number of patients was 125, of which 87 (69.6%) were women and 38 (30.4%) were men. Epidemiological diagnosis of HCV was performed by detecting the RNA and genotype of HCV virus infection in blood scrum by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in real time. The first genotype of the virus was detected in 87.2% (n=109) patients, 0.8% (n=l) the second, and 12% (n l 5) the third. Complete elimination of viruses in 98.4% of cases was achieved using a combination of sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir, directly from antiviral drugs.
Doctor's Herald -
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has reached the scale of a pandemic, is highly contagious, virulent and tropic to many cells of human organs. We have analyzed the development of diabetes mellitus and its renal complications, the spread of kidney diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in post- covid patients with and without diabetes mellitus, hospitalized in the therapeutic and endocrinology department of the UF TMA clinic. The study showed that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for infection and severe course of COVID-19. and vice versa, coronavirus is a trigger for the development of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. Our study confirmed the published literature that COVID-19 is capable of causing diabetes mellitus, manifesting its latent forms and leading to an aggravation of the disease and its complications
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