No. 1 (2023) архив

This article is devoted to work aimed at normalizing the condition of degraded soils in open-pit mines as a result of anthropogenic influences through phytomass. By creating a biological cover from plants, it has been achieved to improve the composition of the soil. Plants such as Datura starmonium, Portuluca oleracea,Caspella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium vulvaria, Chenopodium album, Plantagolanceolata, Vaccaria hispanica,
Vicia angustifolia were used for the research. The effect of micronutrients on plants was studied.

Cataract in children, which is one of the leading causes of primary blindness, is a clouding of the lens. The prevalence of cataracts in developed countries, as well as in Russia, is 1.6–2.4 per 100,000 children. Intraocular lens (IOL) implantation has become widespread in recent decades and is considered the most optimal method for correcting aphakia. Despite the introduction of new high-tech methods of surgical treatment of congenital cataracts, there is currently a fairly high percentage of complications. All of the above does not reduce the urgency of the problem of treating children with congenital cataract (CC) and requires further research.

We all know that today we can face to online
education in every educational courses. Especial-
ly, it is widely spread for last two years, that even
children know what type of learning it is. But,
what about its effectiveness, does it really give ef-
fective result for learners? What is better, online
learning or offline? In this article, I want to cover
effectiveness of online learning. Also, with this
we will look through the disadvantage ones.

The paper discusses the impact of the pandemic on student academic performance. The global Covid-19 pandemic, which began in 2020, caused mental and emotional health problems for a certain group of students. A special approach is required for students who have faced emotional and mental problems, and the consequences are still being observed. Since such students find themselves in a difficult situation with their academic performance, they cannot cope with the problem on their own. In solving this problem, such methods as mutual understanding and an individual approach are important. In addition, real professional support significantly improves the solution of this problem, stimulates activity and cognitive abilities.

The study focuses on the problem of learning and assimilation of foreign languages in medical universities of Uzbekistan. The best approach in this direction is differentiated in order to improve the quality of education, the most essential teaching methods are determined, taking into account today's capabilities and professional characteristics, peculiar teaching mechanisms and methods are determined when learning foreign languages. New technologies nowadays require university teachers to have pedagogical skills, knowledge and the ability to diagnose the goals of education and upbringing. The teacher's skill in modeling educational material with the formation of innovative thinking in the student, active motivation in learning is determined.

The training of medical specialists with English language knowledge in higher education of Uzbekistan requires the implementation of a number of tasks, such as improving the methods
of learning the language and effective measures for organizing activities in this direction. It is important for medical students to master language skills in the field of their profession. In connection with the reduction of fundamental subjects at medical universities in Uzbekistan, teaching methods of teaching foreign languages should be reviewed, especially in recent years, as the modernization of higher medical education creates the problem of a sharp reduction in
humanities, including foreign languages. For significantly shortened hours, it is necessary to introduce effective teaching methods of English for medical students. There is a need to create integrative models of language teaching in the medical profession (ESP). This study shows that creating a special professional environment for
language learning has its advantages while teaching English as a discipline. The methodology of integration into the specialty and the relationship between the subjects allows students to learn the educational material in the most convenient and interesting way for them.

Interaction in society involves interaction between people that might be identified as intercultural
communication. Spontaneous communication where speakers might be of various intercultural origin the interaction has to be flexible in language skills i.e. take into account the language ,thinking, traditions , intellection and beliefs.
Modern learning and teaching a language suggests concentration not only on language acquisition, accuracy and fluency as well as the massage sent by each member of the conversation ,i.e. the cultural origin of co-speakers. Using a technology of working with video tasks in the classroom is one of the beneficial approaches to develop communicative
skills in EFL learners.

This study is an analysis of the English languagemedical translation in teaching English languagein the classes for Master degree students in medical high schools. The growth of the discipline of medical translation studies has been accompanied by a renewed reflection on the object of research and our metalanguage. These developments have also been necessitated by the diversification of Latin language within the language industry. The very label translation is often avoided in favour of alternative terms, such as localisation (Human Anatomy), transcreation (pharmaceutics), transediting (physiology and pathology of diseases). The competences framework developed for the European Master’s in Translation network speaks of experts in multilingual and multimedia communication to account for the complexity of translation competence. This paper addresses the following related questions: How can translation competence in such a wide sense be developed in training programmes? Do some competences required in the medicine sphere go beyond translation competence?

Language (e.g., structure, morphology, and wording) can direct our attention toward the specific properties of an object, in turn influencing the mental representation of that same object. In this paper, we examined this idea by focusing on a particular linguistic form of diminution used in English and Uzbek languages to refer to an object as being ―smaller.‖ Diminutive research is often too narrowly focused on suffixed nouns, while other types of diminutive formation are neglected. A plea is therefore made to also consider other formation types including reduplication, compounding and periphrastic constructions. Furthermore, it is shown that a more differentiated account of diminutive meaning is needed than is currently available. 

The specific features of oral and written translation are revealed. The main points in the organization of language disciplines for the preparation of a specialist translator are outlined. The skills of performing basic operations when teaching interpreting are determined. The specific features of each type of translation are determined by a combination of heterogeneous factors:differences in the working conditions of an interpreter and translator, psychological and psycholinguistic mechanisms, genre characteristics of translated materials, types of texts.

V dannoy state analiziruyutsya vzaimosvyazannye i protivorechashchie drug drugu ponyatiya nekotorykh janrov oral narodnogo tvorchestva, privedennye v tolkovykh slovaryakh Uzbekskogo i Tajikskogo zyzykov. Dany varianty proslovits, anekdotov i slovosochetaniy na Uzbekskom i Tajikskom zykakh, yavlyayushchiesya plodom oral narodnogo tvorchestva, sopostavleny kulturnye i istoricheskie priznaki.

In this article, the lyrical poems of the Khorezm literary milieu poet Muhammad Hasan Mutrib Haji Tabib son (1853-1923) are studied from the aspect of textual studies. The poet’s poems were studied based on the classifi cation of author’s edition and scribe’s edition.

This article covers in detail the issues of ensuring metrological dimensions at the required level in the process of production and repair of mechanical engineering parts, information about the types of measurements, means and rules for their use

The article examines the socio-educational and artistic-aesthetic factors of the creative perfection of the great poet and thinker Alisher Navoi, firstly, the fact that he thoroughly studied the Koran and the Sunnah, followed these two powerful sources without deviations, and secondly, that he read the works great Islamic thinkers, experts in Sufism and continuously developing their ideas, gave highly artistic interpretations in his works, thirdly, that he perfectly knew the history of the Turkish people to whom he belonged, and that he was able to mobilize all his creative and scientific potential to protect and elevation of the honor and glory of the nation.
It discusses how Alisher Navoi followed the principles of faith and Sharia, tafsirs and hadiths read by the great thinker, the works of Sufism scholars. His artistic interpretation of religious-enlightenment and philosophical-mystical ideas at a high level is confirmed by the analysis of his work. The essence of the parts of "Hamsa" is being investigated, such as "hamd" (praise of Allah), "munajat" (request to Allah) and "nat" (praise of the prophet). Analytical views are put forward on the complementarity of Islamism and nationalism, the support of the concept of the great poet's work on Islamic enlightenment, which did not prevent his works from expressing the national spirit. As a result of the analysis, theoretical generalizations are made.

The aim of the study was to study the clinical and diagnostic significance of natriuretic peptide
(BNP) in heart failure (HF) in children with congenital heart defects.
Methods. The study included 24 children under 3 years of age with HF. All patients had HF
secondary to congenital heart disease and clinical data, echocardiographic parameters were collected. A comparative analysis of the data indicating significant changes in BNP with characteristic changes on the echocardiogram characterizing the signs of heart failure in children was carried out. Study results: analysis of NT-proBNP values and type of heart disease associated with HF. In our
cohort, median NT-proBNP was highest in patients with cyanotic heart disease (248.0 fmol/ml), followed by patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (193.3 fmol/ml). The lowest median value of NT-proBNP was recorded in patients with acyano- tic heart disease.
Conclusion. In patients with HF, BNP and echocardiography can provide diagnostic and
prognostic information. The highest BNP values were reported in patients with lower LVEF, but were not statistically significant. The combination of all these data may offer the best tools for optimizing the treatment of heart failure in children.

Prevention of visual disability should begin in childhood. To plan high-tech specialized ophthalmic care for young patients, it is necessary to monitor the structure of ophthalmopathology in infants in leading domestic children's medical institutions. Purpose of the study. The study of the structure of eye diseases in infants based on the materials of the department of ophthalmology of the clinic of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute (TashPMI). Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of statistical coupons of case histories of 685 patients aged 0 to 1 years who were hospitalized in the ophthalmological department of the TashPMI clinic for 2018-2021 was carried out. Results and conclusion. The spectrum of nosological units revealed the predominance of glaucoma (41.3%) and lens diseases (30.4%). At the same time, it was noted that eye injuries (10.5%), diseases of the eyelids, lacrimal ducts (phlegmon of the lacrimal sac) and orbit (9.2%), although they did not occupy a leading position, nevertheless represented severe acquired lesions, which could have been prevented. Age-related aspects of nosologies are due to the timing of clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of pathologies, the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child's body, and a decrease in parental control over children.

The article is devoted to the scientific, medical and educational activities of the veteran of the Department of Ophthalmology, Pediatric Ophthalmology of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute Basit Abidovich Zakhidov, who trained more than a hundred pediatric ophthalmologists and devoted more than 45 years to medicine.

This article provides a brief overview of the current problem of modern pediatric cardioanesthesiology - intraoperative cardioplegic protection of the myocardium during open heart surgery. The combination of hypothermia and potassium cardioplegic arrest has become the most common method of myocardial protection in the evolution of myocardioprotection. The review touched upon the classification and types of cardioplegic solutions, their advantages and disadvantages based on meta-analyses. The current state of the problem is highlighted.

To assess the clinical efficacy of the SRK II formula with a correction factor Rm in children with congenital cataracts who are at risk of pseudophakic myopia. Material and methods. A complex examination of 48 children (86 eyes) with congenital cataracts involved visometrics, tonometry, tonography, biomicroscopy, keratorefractometry, ophthalmoscopy, ultrasonography, and pachymetry. To determine the IOL power, we used the SRK II formula supplemented with the individual correction factor Rm, proposed by the authors. The examined children were divided into 2 groups. The main group 1 included 22 patients (42 eyes), for which the IOL power was calculated with the Rm factor. The control group 2 consisted of 26 patients (44 eyes) for which the IOL power was calculated according to the traditional SRK II formula using age-related hypocorrection of refraction but without the Rm coefficient. Results. The correction factor Rm, allowed us to achieve the targeted refraction in children who were at risk of developing pseudophakic myopia in 83.3 % of cases of the main group (versus 45.4 % of the control group cases) and reduce the development of high age-related refraction) by 37.9 %. In children of the main group, visual acuity reached, on average, 0.5 ± 0.001, while in the control group it was also higher but only reached 0.200 ± 0.001. Conclusion.The method of calculating the IOL optical power involving an individual correction factor Rm, according to the formula: SRK II – R – Rm can be recommended for clinical practice focused on children at risk of abnormal refractogenesis.

The article examines the socio-educational and artistic-aesthetic factors of the creative perfection of the great poet and thinker Alisher Navoi, firstly, the fact that he thoroughly studied the Koran and the Sunnah, followed these two powerful sources without deviations, and secondly, that he read the works great Islamic thinkers, experts in Sufism and continuously developing their ideas, gave highly artistic interpretations in his works, thirdly, that he perfectly knew the history of the Turkish people to whom he belonged, and that he was able to mobilize all his creative and scientific potential to protect and elevation of the honor and glory of the nation.
It discusses how Alisher Navoi followed the principles of faith and Sharia, tafsirs and hadiths read by the great thinker, the works of Sufism scholars. His artistic interpretation of religious-enlightenment and philosophical-mystical ideas at a high level is confirmed by the analysis of his work. The essence of the parts of "Hamsa" is being investigated, such as "hamd" (praise of Allah), "munajat" (request to Allah) and "nat" (praise of the prophet). Analytical views are put forward on the
complementarity of Islamism and nationalism, the support of the concept of the great poet's work on Islamic enlightenment, which did not prevent his works from expressing the national spirit. As a result of the analysis, theoretical generalizations are made.

Purpose of the study. To study risk factors for the development of complications in pseudophakic eyes. Material and methods. We carried out a retrospective and prospective analysis of the case histories of 65 children (65 eyes) diagnosed with pseudophakia, who were in the hospital in the eye department of the clinic of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute over the past 5 years. The results of the study showed that the most significant risk factors for the development of intra- and postoperative complications are the following factors: FAI, neutrophil- leukocyte index (0.94±0.5), true intraocular pressure 20.5±1.2 mm Hg. Art., thickness of the choroid 1.02 ± 0.33 mm, protein in the CV above 3.5 ± 0.09 g/l, and in the blood below 62 ± 1.3 g/l

The article discusses the fundamental stages of obtaining knowledge, the path from familiarization to excellence. The issue of acquiring new knowledge is identified, a solution is proposed in the form of a training schedule. Methods of comparative analysis and synthesis, life examples were used to facilitate the process of understanding this material.