No. 4/S (2024) Special issue of “Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics” journal

This article presents a linguistic and cultural analysis of phraseological and paremiological units involving toponyms in the Chinese and Uzbek languages. Toponyms represent a unique form of linguistic expression, reflecting the historical, cultural, and social experiences of a people. In both Chinese and Uzbek, these units convey the worldview, customs, and values of the people, making them valuable linguistic and cultural resources. This study aims to identify the similarities and differences in phraseological and paremiological units based on place names in Chinese and Uzbek, as well as to uncover their cultural foundations.

This article is devoted to the study of the language of advertisements in Chinese and their sociolinguistic aspects. In Chinese advertisements, language as a cultural indicator not only serves to transmit information, but also to form social values ​​and strengthen them. China's traditional and modern values, national identity and different social strata in society are expressed through advertising. At the same time, the language images and stylistic styles used in advertising also reflect the sociolinguistic changes of the society. This article analyzes the sociolinguistic significance of advertising in Chinese society and emphasizes the role of social groups, gender stereotypes, and cultural codes in it.

In the process of communication, fully accounting for the knowledge shared between speaker and listener has become recognized as an essential aspect of the new linguistic paradigm. When creating an artistic description of nature, the article emphasizes the intellectual and aesthetic-ethical dimensions of the author, outlining the stages and characteristics of these dimensions and exploring methods for identifying commonly used linguistic tools.

This article explores the concept of discourse in both global and Uzbek linguistics, covering various types of specialized discourse, including legal linguistics and legal discourse. It examines resources for subject analysis within legal discourse, the role and nature of legal discourse in anthropolinguistics, and the practical and theoretical significance of legal texts.

Humanity has discovered various ways to express emotions. Depending on the context of speech, these emotions are sometimes accompanied by sarcasm, particularly when expressing intense feelings. Over the past few decades, social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Twitter, and YouTube have become popular tools for people to share such strong emotions and personal thoughts with wide audiences. Through techniques like sentiment analysis, this data can be valuable in various fields, including business, marketing, production, behavioral analysis, and public management during ecological or biological crises, as well as in times of war.

Most current research treats sentiment and sarcasm classification as two separate tasks, approaching each as an independent text classification problem. In recent years, studies using deep learning algorithms have significantly improved the effectiveness of these independent classifiers. However, one of the main challenges these approaches face is their inability to accurately classify sarcastic statements as negative. Taking this into account, we argue that recognizing sarcasm enhances sentiment classification, and vice versa. In this work, we demonstrate that these two tasks are interrelated. This paper proposes a multi-task learning framework that leverages deep neural networks to model this interrelation, aiming to improve the overall effectiveness of sentiment analysis.

The article explores the nominative space of linguistic expressions related to the concept of "head" in English. The author clarifies and supports their scientific findings with specific examples. It is revealed that the characteristics associated with the "head" concept exhibit different manifestations across various languages, reflecting diversity in linguistic expression, semantic content, communicative specificity, and degrees of emphasis.

The article examines axiological contradictions in the process of dialogic communication. It establishes that these contradictions, stemming from differences in the values and priorities of interlocutors, significantly impact both the effectiveness of communication and the quality of interpersonal relationships. Clashes of fundamental values are manifested in moral, cultural, political, and religious views. The article evaluates the impact of effective communication strategies—such as active listening, finding common values, using metacommunication methods, and engaging mediators—on conflict reduction. Furthermore, it analyzes the importance of developing emotional intelligence and leveraging various technologies to overcome axiological contradictions in communication.

This article analyzes the concept and its comparative typology and classification from the perspectives of various scholars. The classification of concepts, according to the structural-semantic aspect, encompasses diverse viewpoints based on methods of meaning transfer, such as metaphor and metonymy. These methods, which are integral to cognitive linguistics, are examined as part of the analysis.

This article explores word formation as a key process in reflecting new concepts in language. The study is based on the works of renowned linguists, including European and American scholars such as G. Lakoff, J. F. Sablérol, Jean Pruvost, Émile Benveniste, Louis Gilbert, and J.-C. Boulanger, as well as Russian linguists such as N. N. Boldyrev, L. M. Borisenkova, Yu. S. Stepanov, N. F. Alefirenko, L. Yu. Kasyanova, and others.

The analysis revealed that word formation operates alongside other linguistic phenomena deeply rooted in the processes of conceptualization and categorization. This process establishes a unique system of perception, contributing significantly to the formation of imagination and understanding in the human mind.

This scientific work explores the artistic interpretation of personification based on stories by A. Qahhor, A.P. Chekhov, and S. Maugham. Personification, as a literary device, provides a deeper understanding of transformations and their intrinsic nature. The research analyzes each writer's unique use of personification to highlight characters, settings, and social issues. In A. Qahhor's story "Horror," emotions of terror and fear are personified through natural phenomena. In A.P. Chekhov's story "Malchiki" (Children), the environment is animated through the children's imagination and interactions, portraying the adolescent world. S. Maugham's story "Honolulu" is enriched with exotic natural elements given human traits, eliciting varied emotional responses from the reader.

The article examines the linguistic features of gender communication. A comparative analysis of gender markers in works of fiction by Italian and Uzbek authors is conducted. The formation of gender is considered both at the private level and in a broader, social sense. Key aspects of gender linguistics are studied, such as masculine, feminist, gender-specific, psycholinguistic, cross-cultural, and sociolinguistic directions. Systemic similarities and differences in the linguistic and speech characteristics of men and women are revealed, as well as their integration through the prism of fiction written in two languages ​​\u200b\u200bbelonging to different language systems.

In recent years, significant efforts have been made in our country to shape the social consciousness of youth, promoting the development of spiritually mature and physically healthy individuals. Favorable conditions have been established to encourage engagement in various sports, including technical and practical disciplines. The Concept of Youth Education in the Spirit of Military Patriotism plays an essential role in this process. This article explores the challenges and solutions related to fostering social consciousness among youth.

The formation and implementation of values are influenced by the environment in which people live, natural conditions, methods of trust, professional skills, and lifestyle. In general, values are a reflection of cultural trends and spiritual wealth, shaped and developed through the historical progression of society. These values have a positive impact on social development in the past, present, and future, and they gain social significance as they become embedded in people's consciousness.

  The article examines the semantic structure of medical texts, examines the concepts of words and terminology. It also shows how lexical meanings of words are identified and expressed in medical texts.

In fostering creativity among future primary school teachers, developing creative thinking, cultivating the ability to innovate, and building intellectual capacity are of particular importance. The enhancement of their creativity through a personality-oriented approach to education is, above all, rooted in fostering a creative attitude toward their activities. This article presents perspectives on the factors that contribute to the growth and development of creative abilities in future teachers, as well as the qualities that define their creativity.

The article is devoted to the study of the theme of education in the Russian literature of the XIX century, reflecting the social, cultural, and moral changes of that time. Using the example of the works of such authors as Fyodor Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoy, and Ivan Turgenev, various aspects of education are analyzed, including its influence on personality formation, social status, and moral values. Special attention is paid to the role of women in the educational process and conflicts between generations. The article emphasizes the importance of education as a key element in the development of man and society.