The article presents the essence of stakeholders (steicholders) and the analysis of literature on the topic. The interests of the steicholders are studied in detail. Steicholders are classified according to different signs.
Мамлакатда паррандачилик соҳасини ривожлантириш ушбу йўналишда мамлакат аҳолисини юқори сифатли парранда гўшти ва тухум маҳсулотлари билан узлуксиз таъминлаш, ички ва ташқи бозорларга маҳаллий паррандачилик маҳсулотларини сотишни кўпайтириш, ишлаб чиқаришнинг замонавий усулларини кенг жорий этиш, бу орқали қўшилган қиймат занжирини яратиш, мазкур соҳада замонавий ахбороткоммуникация технологиялари ва илм-фан ютуқларидан самарали фойдаланишни каби долзарб масалаларга эътибор қаратилган.
This article analyzes ethical views of the great scientist, thinker Mahmud Zamakhshari through studying various stories, narratives, advices and symbols in his works. The article investigates his approach on the major ethical concept in the medieval era – theory of internal and the external beauty. His philosophical views, in particular his views of moral of human being are examined.
In this article, the issues of legal regulation of investment activity are studied on the basis of the analysis on the main approaches to the concept mechanism of legal regulation of investment activity. According to the author, optimal economic and legal investment mechanism is a prerequisite for increasing domestic and foreign investment. In addition, the scientific work has presented some proposals to improve the effectiveness of legal regulation of investment activities in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
This article studies the evolution of the coronavirus epidemic into a pandemic that has become an unprecedented threat to humanity in the 21st century, its impact on the lifestyle of Chinese society, changes in China’s domestic and foreign policies due to coronavirus infection, and the results of the Chinese government’s effective struggle against the “disaster”. Moreover, the author analyzes the situation in international relations due to COVID -19, changes in international relations under the influence of the pandemic, the transformation of relations between major powers as a result of the coronavirus, a variety of methods for combating COVID -19 in different countries of the region, China’s experience in combating the pandemic and its significance for the world, and the crisis caused by the pandemic in people's lifestyles and in all sectors of the economy. What is more, the assessments and approaches of Chinese experts and specialists in combating the pandemic are examined based on their experience in overcoming the crisis. Finally, it reflects the opinions of Chinese scientists and experts about the huge changes that could happen in the world order after a pandemic.
The article analyses history of political place and role of the Temurids as Shahrukh and his son Ulughbek in Mogolistan continent (East Turkestan) , and also bilateral political, diplomatic relations between them in the middle of XV century based on historical sources.
Subjects of the inquiry: Member countries of the Shanghai Organization Cooperation and political, socio-economical processes, origination in Central Asia.
Aim of the inquiry: disclosed geostrategic significance of the Shanghai Organization Cooperation on basis of political analysis of its activity and institutionalization and also determining particularity of policy on providing security and stability in regions in term of strengthening processes of globalization in worldwide husbandry system.
Method of inquiry: structural and comparative, comparative-historical, comparativepolitical analysis.
The results achieved and their novelty: scientific novelty of inquiry includes complex study in political science of Uzbekistan the activity of the Shanghai Organization Cooperation its institutionalization and also policy of Organization in providing security in the region as intcmationally-right-subjcct. Inquiry may be divided into the following aspects, comprising elements of scientific novelties: based political, economic, social premises of formation of the Shanghai Organization Cooperation disclosed political, social and economical significance participation of Uzbekistan in the Shanghai Organization Cooperation, analyzed the role and place of the SCO in international and regional, socio-political processes, made offers and recommendations on unification of national interests of membercountries of the SCO.
Practical value of dissertation appoints to conduct complex research analysis direct interdependence on consolidation of state sovereignty of the studying countries, increasing role of these countries in global political processes and their influences in consolidating worldwide discipline in the XXI century.
Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: eight scientific articles have been published; the special course has been delivered in the Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies.
Sphere of usage: scientific observations, scientific and theoretical conclusions made in the dissertation can be used at the ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of Uzbekistan, at its representations abroad, in their practical and research work, in preparing text-books and texts of lectures for students studying International Relations, Political Sciences, regions studies, in seminars and special courses at the appropriate high schools.
This article examines the impact of the tax burden on macroeconomic stability and the
investment climate, and discusses issues such as the impact of the tax burden on macroeconomic stability and the impact of taxes on the country's investment climate.
The article into historical aspect explores the Korean folklore genre - phansori, as an integral component of the spiritual basis not only of Korean culture, but also of universal human culture. Are considered the origins and origin of phansori – a folk song tale that occupies a special place in Korean folk creativity that embodies traditional features of genesis. Various points of view on the issue of the formation of pansori and the history of the formation of this lyrical-epic genre of songwriting are described. The role of folk musical and dramatic traditions in the spread of phansori is justified. The creation by the performer of a phansori on the basis of material from known stories of a holistic composition is considered. The bilateral nature of interaction of literature and phansori ballads and influence of high literature on phansori are shown on the example of the plot from the legend about Chhunkhyan. The value and artistic identity of phansori are revealed. The techniques of using the improvisational genre phansori, in which the singer-performer acts as a creator-interpreter under the accompaniment of a drum, possessing an extraordinary technique of ownership of voice, gesture, pantomime, ability to reliably reproduce experiences and feelings of heroes, have been justified. Characteristic features of "khan" mental state are considered. The degree of significance of "khan" and its display in the ballads of phansori is argued. External means are considered, visually enriching perception of the plot and understanding of the story of the performer 's narrative. Features of sound formation of singing tone are analyzed. The main means of vocal and speech genre is voice and its special structure, achieved by the performer as a result of long exercises. The role of the breathing type "dungen" due to the work of abdominal muscles is shown. A special method of sound formation is described – shaking, reciting, improvisation with text, recitation, combination of tragic and comic elements. It is justified that phansori is a special genre of Korean folk creativity, a predetermined fairy tale.
Topicality and demand of the theme of dissertation. In world practice of informatization, systems of electronic document interchange (EDIS) arc considered and introduced last years not only as systems for automation of manage processes but also as high-grade platforms for creation of uniform information field, so borders of their use, certainly, expands and scientists of the world raises interest to them. In researches of leading scientists of infocommunication technologies the demand of problems of authentic gathering, transfer, analysis, coding of information during formation of office-work documents is allocated for getting of effective technologies raising mobility and productivity of EDIS.
Complex measures undertaken by the Government of Republic of Uzbekistan on development of systems of region-territorial automated management and to creation of uniform information field arc directed on wide introduction of information systems, EDIS, databases (DB) on the basis of modern information-communication technologies. In this connection, working out of new methods to intelligent processing of information resources used for improvement of data transfer quality, allowing effectively to find out and correct errors in structure of electronic document interchange with least material and time expenses, differs a special urgency and, at the same time, remains the unresolved theoretical and applied problem having important economic value.
Requirements to information resources and streams of data transmission as the important factor of efficiency and quality of EDIS functioning arc expressed in providing of stability, integrity, safety and authenticity of the information. One of important among factors is the criterion of authenticity of the information, caused by distortion of transferred messages in infocommunication networks because of failures and refusals of means, any handicaps in communication channels, errors of operators, scanning and recognition systems.
Hence, construction of effective systems to control of information authenticity during transfer and processing represents special scientific interest as priority technology of data processing, characteristic for conditions of automated management and electronic document interchange at the enterprises and organizations.
For existing methods, despite of providing the high level of information transfer authenticity, some unsolved questions is typical, and as basic of them it is possible to allocate the following: at development technologies of electronic documents interchange in structure of modern data transfer packages the significant volume of resource is spent for headings, at the same time the most part of information in headings remains constant from package to package during stream of transfer of the whole frame (redundancy of the information arising at it and mechanisms to provide reliability of deliveries consisting, basically, in sending the appropriate message and repeated transfer of packages, - result to additional time and material expenses while errors detection and elimination); code and hardware methods of information transfer control arc focused, mainly, on elimination the transposition mistakes in managing fields of packages; however, at data transfer there arc also distortions in information fields, which frequently reveal as multiple text mistakes.
In this relation, the decision of tasks for providing of information transfer authenticity is reasonable to consider in two aspects.
Solutions of the first type tasks should taken into account errors of the man-operator, scanning and other devices intended for input of the information. These kinds of mistakes make greatest volume of distortions in text and arise at Applied and Representation levels of OSI model (Open System Interconnection reference model).
Solutions of second type tasks, devoted to control of the information reliability, take into consideration the probability of distortions which occur at stages of Transport, Network, Physical and Line of model OSI.
Demand of the dissertation is characterized by the fact that introduction of a wide range of IP-enabled technologies in electronic document interchange is connected to requiring close attention tasks of detection and correction of errors during preparation and processing of documents.
This research work is focused on providing realization of laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On informatization», «On electronic digital signature», «On electronic document», «On electronic commerce», «On electronic payments», Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 126 on 05.04.2011 «About measures on installation and use of a single secured e-mail and system of electronic document interchange in the executive office of cabinet of ministers, bodies of government and economic governance, local government».
Following that, the solution of listed tasks requires carrying out the special researches and development connected to creation of methods and algorithms, capable to control the information authenticity in structure of data transfer packages at the expense of use the enclosed redundancy, and able to function in transport environment, eliminating existing lacks. This fact causes necessity of allocation of a special class algorithms for providing of information authenticity on the basis of new type of PR-rcdundancy (property redundancy), defined by depending on properties of processed object.
Purpose of research is development ol constructive methods, models, algorithms and systems of information authenticity control during transfer and processing of the data on the basis of mechanisms used PR-rcdundancy of various nature, and software and algorithmic realization of results for developing technologies of electronic document interchange.
Scientific novelty of disscrtational research consists in the following:
concept, methodology and software and algorithmic bases to construction methods, models and algorithms for the information authenticity control in systems of electronic document interchange arc developed, classes of objects characterized by PR-rcdundancy, applied to provide accuracy, integrity, efficiency, compression, availability of information resources in EDIS arc allocated;
methods and algorithms arc offered for control of information reliability at the expense of use the artificial redundancy on the basis of linear, modular, plane summing mechanisms and definition of belonging to the coded subsets;
methods and software complexes arc developed for control of information reliability at the expense of use the natural redundancy on the basis of algorithms in which procedures of statistical, arithmetic, parsing coding, n-gram structured description, statistical pattern recognition and hashing of text elements arc realized;
for control and correction of spelling mistakes in texts on Uzbek language methods and algorithms arc offered on the basis of models of multilevel morphological analysis and n-grams Grammatik description;
on the basis of enclosed logic criteria, database and knowledgebase in structure of the built-in expert systems methods and algorithms arc developed for the control of information authenticity at the expense of use the structural-technological PR-rcdundancy;
methods arc offered to synthesis algorithms of text information reliability control in interactive system of errors detection and correction for developing technologies of electronic document interchange.
Conclusion
1. Developed in the dissertation constructive methods, models, software and algorithms complexes to control of information authenticity by principles of using of PR-rcdundancy on the basis of concepts of system analysis, control and information processing allow to increase efficiency and productivity of EDIS.
2. The estimation of current state of the theory and practice of code, hardware and program methods of control of authenticity information transfer had shown insufficiency of existing types of redundancy for providing qualitative functioning of EDIS. Principles of use of PR-rcdundancy at electronic documents for working out applied methods, software and algorithmic complexes to providing of information transfer authenticity have allowed to design toolkit of development of existing technologies.
3. Methods of: linear, plane and modular summation; codings by rules of Haffman, Lempcl-Ziv-Velch, Barrousc-Willcr, arithmetic coding, statistical recognition, logic control form methodical bases of use of PR-rcdundancy for expansion possibilities of algorithms and software complexes to providing of the information authenticity during drawing up, transfer and processing of electronic documents texts.
4. Efficiency of developed algorithms is shown and solutions arc got for tasks of control the information authenticity on the basis of criterion of mistakes undctccting probabilities. It is established, that they find up to 92 % of all kinds of mistakes, capable to correct single, double and adjacent transpositional mistakes, in comparison with existing methods reduce labour content and cost of control in 2-3 times if probability of mistakes is accepted as P«4-10-3, and also raise the information authenticity up to three orders.
5. To solving tasks of control and correction of spelling mistakes in Uzbek texts methods, algorithms and systems arc developed included morphological and n-gram structured models. The developed technique of getting frequency characteristics of n-gram on the basis of distortions probability parameters statistics arc applied during systematization hash-codes for parsing coding.
6. Interpolation and extrapolation methods of construction the logic and arithmetic function of statistical recognition arc used for working out algorithms to control of text elements images authenticity. Methods arc developed to control authenticity of alarm characteristics of text elements images in ncuronctworking system to information processing which includes parts of automatic recognition and control of images signals. Methods and algorithms arc realized in the structure system to control of information authenticity for eases when information in EDIS is represented as metatext on the basis of belonging attributes and classification of metatext on fuzzy semantic hypcrnct.
7. Methods and algorithms of the control of the information authenticity, based on methods of dictionary, statistical and hash-codings provide effective applying of the hardware-software environment of parallel computations NVIDIA with use of standard libraries of numerical analysis, optimized data exchange between CPU and GPU for optimization.
8. It is determined that at realization of the system to control of spelling on the basis of developed ways of description and identification of the software shell, treelike representation of n-gramm grammar and architecture of framework Sfinks-4 focused on various language models used PR-rcdundancy, the number of undetected errors and cost of realization considerably decreases, and labour content in comparison with the spelling control system on the basis of morphological analysis decreases twice.
9. Developed simulating algorithms, complexes of software and systems to control of information authenticity on the basis of using PR-rcdundancy have found practical application in systems of: automated organization of educational environment in high schools; adapted data transfer, processing and analysis in infocommunication networks; EDIS of enterprises.
10. The developed software complexes to control the information authenticity in structure of EDIS and computer system of adapted transfer, handling and data analysis arc implemented in real working conditions in the Samarkand branch «UzTelecom» of the State committee or communication, for informatization and telecommunication technologies of the Republic of Uzbekistan and in Joint Venture «Tasty-Fuit». Appropriate certificates confirm cost of economical efficiency of dissertation results.
XXI асрда дунёнинг турли ҳудудларида “ислом омили’нинг давлатлар ички ва ташқи сиёсатидаги таъсир доираси ортиб бораётганлиги очиқ намоён бўлди. Бу таъсир “совуқ уруш”нинг якунланиши, икки қутбли тизимнинг йўқ бўлиши, жаҳонда бир қутбли ривожланиш жараёнининг бошланиши, турли давлатлар манфаатларининг бузилиши, янги мустақил давлатлар нинг пайдо бўлиши ҳамда уларнинг умумжаҳон сиёсати ва иқтисодиётида фаол субъект сифатидаги иштироки натижасида рўй берган глобал геосиёсий ўзгаришлар билан узвий боғлиқдир. Исломнинг жамият ва сиёсатдаги ролининг глобаллашуви нафақат мусулмон давлатлари ва ҳудудлари, балки мусулмон бўлмаган, ғарб давлатларини ҳам қамраб олди.
In this article analyzes, the establishment of the National Republic of Bukhara and the activities of supervisory bodies are studied and on the basis of archival materials and scientific literature.
This paper discusses the issues of selection of innovative strategies of tourism enterprises of Khorezm region, which is the Aral Sea region, taking into account internal and external environmental factors. SPACE-analysis of the activities of travel agencies "Khorezm Ko`hi Nur" and "Islambek Travel" LLC had been done and recommendations for the implementation of appropriate innovation strategies were developed.