The article examines the experience of Uzbekistan in preventing corruption in the private sector. It is determined that the negative factors of the spread of corruption among companies leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of the national economy, the quality of public administration, undermines the foundations of free competition, creates threats to the political stability and security of the country.
With the spread of corruption, the business climate and the quality of corporate governance deteriorate, the reputation of companies is undermined, and their investment attractiveness decreases.
In the markets of goods, works, services, negative selection is taking place, monopoly and protectionism are increasing. It was revealed that corruption in the private sector devalues democratic values, contributes to the spread of legal nihilism, permissiveness, money-grubbing, impunity, etc., causing significant harm to the interests of both society and the state, and the rights of citizens.
The thesis is substantiated that the most effective means of preventing corruption in the private sector is the introduction of anti-corruption compliance systems and the corresponding methods of their certification into its subjects. Based on the methods of a comparative study, measures have been identified to introduce anti-corruption compliance in business structures, as well as business entities with state participation.
It is determined that international universal, regional and special standards (UN, OECD, GRECO, ISO, etc.) have a significant impact on the development of national legislation and practice of law enforcement in this area. The thesis about the need to improve the legal foundations of the anti-corruption compliance system, the need to introduce institutions of responsibility of legal entities in Uzbekistan, prevent illegal lobbying activities, etc.
SUMMARY
The article examines the experience of Uzbekistan in preventing corruption in the private sector. It is determined that the negative factors of the spread of corruption among companies leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of the national economy, the quality of public administration, undermines the foundations of free competition, creates threats to the political stability and security of the country.
With the spread of corruption, the business climate and the quality of corporate governance deteriorate, the reputation of companies is undermined, and their investment attractiveness decreases. In the markets for goods, works, services, negative selection is taking place, monopoly and protectionism are increasing.
It was revealed that corruption in the private sector devalues democratic values, contributes to the spread of legal nihilism, permissiveness, money-grubbing, impunity, etc., causing significant harm to the interests of both society and the state, and the rights of citizens.
In order to eradicate corruption in all spheres of society, Uzbekistan is improving the appropriate legal, institutional and organizational measures. The Law "On Combating Corruption" adopted on the initiative of the President of Uzbekistan dated 03.01.2017. In addition to measures to prevent corruption in the field of public administration, he identified as measures to prevent corruption in the field of socio-economic development and entrepreneurship:
elimination of administrative and bureaucratic barriers, simplification and increase in the efficiency of registration, permitting and licensing procedures;
optimization of the control and supervisory functions of state bodies, improvement of the system of inspections of the activities of business entities, prevention of illegal interference in their activities;
widespread introduction of remote forms of relationships between government bodies and business entities;
creating equal conditions for doing business and preventing unfair competition;
introduction of effective legal mechanisms for public procurement, ensuring publicity, transparency and maintaining a competitive environment in the placement of public procurement;
creation of fair conditions and equal opportunities for the population in the field of education, health care, social security, public services and other areas of social and economic development, prevention of corruption offenses;
introduction of effective anti-corruption mechanisms in non-governmental organizations, etc.
The thesis is substantiated that the most effective means of preventing corruption in the private sector is the introduction of anti-corruption compliance systems and the corresponding methods of their certification into its subjects.
On the basis of comparative research methods, measures have been identified to introduce anti-corruption compliance in business structures, as well as business entities with state participation.
In order to improve the efficiency of the anti-corruption system, create the most favorable business climate, promote a positive image of the country in the international arena, by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to further improve the anti-corruption system in the Republic of Uzbekistan” No. UP-5729 dated 05/27/2019. the State Anti-Corruption Program for 2019-2020 was approved, which provided for strengthening anti-corruption measures in organizations with a state share in the authorized capital by: introducing a system of anti-corruption “compliance control” and monitoring its effectiveness, еnsuring internal order in accordance with the relevant anti-corruption standard (ISO 37001), as well as introducing special anti-corruption measures in the private sector, ensuring strict measures and control procedures, ensuring strict ethical rules when participating in public procurement, encouraging collective anti-corruption actions of businesses.
In order to improve the investment attractiveness and strengthen the image of our country in the international arena, introduce new mechanisms for working with ratings and indices in state bodies and organizations, by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On improving the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in international ratings and indices, as well as introducing a new mechanism of systematic work with them in government agencies and organizations ”No. UP-6003 dated 02.06.2020. the Republican Council for work with international ratings and indices was created.
Republican Council for improving the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in socio-economic, political and legal international ratings and indices 06/13/2020 the program of measures to improve the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the socio-economic, political and legal international ratings and indices was approved.
In order to increase the effectiveness of state policy aimed at preventing and combating corruption in all spheres of society and the state 29.06. In 2020, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On additional measures to improve the anti-corruption system in the Republic of Uzbekistan” No. UP-6013 was adopted
In accordance with the Decree, the Anti-Corruption Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the National Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Combating Corruption were created.
It is determined that international universal, regional and special standards (UN, OECD, GRECO, ISO, etc.) have a significant impact on the development of national legislation and practice of law enforcement in this area. The thesis about the need to improve the legal foundations of the anti-corruption compliance system, the need to introduce institutions of responsibility of legal entities in Uzbekistan, prevent illegal lobbying activities, etc.
The article deals with the need to revive philosophical culture in society and, first of all, in the youth’s intellectual environment. This aspect is actualized at the critical stages of society since the development of society directly depends on the spiritual and cultural state of society. The authors consider philosophy as a synthesis of intellectual, value and practical development of reality.
To improve the result of surgical treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer y using palliative resection and gastrectomy.
This article presents a clinical case of a patient diagnosed with right-sided breast cancer T3N1M0, a condition after 6 courses of NPCP. Simultaneous radical subcutaneous mastectomy (PME) was performed with reconstruction by moving the TRAM flap. The following are the stages of the operation of simultaneous plastic surgery with the reconstruction of the TRAM flap in a schematic form and the results of this operation.
В последние годы все большее внимание врачей кардиологов привлекают различные виды аритмии сердца. В ряде научных исследований касающихся проблем аритмией сердца, очень часто обсуждаются преходящих (транзисторных) аритмий. Так как прогноз таких аритмий, также не совсем благоприятен как и прогноз постоянных форм. Кроме того транзиторную аритмию не всегда удается зарегистрировать при обычном ЭКГ обследовании или клиническом обследовании больного.
The work is based on the results of the diagnosis, treatment and medical examination of 13 patients with adrenal aldosteroma (Conn's syndrome) (SC).
The average age of the patients was 36.4±3.1 years, the duration of arterial hypertension was 7.4±2.8 years. There were 4 males (30.8%) and 9 females (69.2%). Right – sided localization was observed in 6 (46.2%) patients, left-sided localization-in 7 (53.8%).
Arterial hypertension was a constant symptom in all the examined patients (n=13). Grade 1 hypertension was observed in 2 (15.4%) patients (BP≤140 – 159/90 – 99 mmHg), 2 degrees – in 5 (38.5%) (BP≤160 – 179/100 – 109 mmHg). The malignant course of the disease (AH 3 st.) was observed in 6 (46.1%) patients (BP≥180/≥110 mm Hg).