The purpose of the study is to determine the significance of genetic factors in the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children and to clarify the features of the clinical course
The оbject of research were 129 children aged 4-15 years who were treated for chronic nephritis in the nephrology department of the Samarkand Regional Multidisciplinary Paediatric Medical Centre.
The scientific novelty of the study is as follows:it has been established that the severity of chronic nephritic syndrome in children is associated with clinical manifestations (gradual development, dyspepsia, abdominal pain) and an increase in the amount of Cystatin C in the blood;for the first time, it was revealed that the development of sclerotic lesions due to increased proliferation in patients with the presence of the MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 genotypes in chronic nephritic syndrome leads to a worsening of the clinical course of the disease; established early diagnostic marker MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 and its tissue inhibitor TIMP-2 (C536T) rs 11551797 in chronic nephritic syndrome in children in the diagnosis of the disease; for the first time, the prognostic value of the alleles of the MMP-9 (A-8202G) rs 11697325 genes and the homozygous G/G genotype in determining the risk of developing the disease in children with chronic nephritic syndrome has been proven.
Implementation of the research results. Based on scientific results of evaluation of the role of polymorphic genes of matrix metalloproteinase and its tissue inhibitors in chronic nephritic syndrome in children: methodological recommendation “The role of polymorphic genes of matrix metalloproteinase and its genetic inhibitors in the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children” was developed and approved (reference of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8n-r / 554 of 30.02.2022).
This methodological recommendation made it possible to predict the development of chronic nephritic syndrome in children and improve preventive measures; approved and developed on the basis of scientific results of research on early diagnosis and prognosis of chronic nephritic syndrome “Dynamics of clinical and laboratory parameters in nephritic syndrome in children”, (reference of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8n-r / 555 of 30.02.2022).
This methodological recommendation made it possible to optimize the diagnosis and treatment tactics for various forms of nephritic syndrome in children;
The results obtained were implemented in the practice of health care, in particular, in the Republican Children's National Medical Center, in the 1st clinic of the Samarkand State Medical University, in the Samarkand Regional Children's Multidisciplinary Medical Center (conclusion No. 8 n-r/324 of 21.06.2022 of the Ministry of Health of Uzbekistan).
The application of the obtained results to practice has made it possible to reduce the frequency of recurrence of the disease in children, prevent complications of the disease, improve the quality of life of patients, diagnose and prevent the disease.
The structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, 4 chapters, conclusions, practical recommendations. The volume of the dissertation is 120 pages.
The role and place of public diplomacy in international relations, peace and stability, and the strengthening of mutual relations among nations are constantly increasing in the context of globalization. People's diplomacy plays an important role in shaping friendly relations between Uzbekistan and the international community with political, diplomatic and economic ties. In the development of public diplomacy, scientists, science and culture representatives, educational institutions, public and religious organizations, as well as public associations founded by fellow citizens, play a key role in the development of public diplomacy. The article aims to provide a systematic illustration of the history of cooperation of the Republic of Uzbekistan with Germany within the framework of public diplomacy. It follows from the following tasks: The Role of Public Diplomacy in Foreign Policy of Uzbekistan; Opening of the main directions of the German cooperation in the field of public diplomacy; The role of societies in the cooperation of the Republic of Uzbekistan with public diplomacy with Germany. The research has been used in the analysis, synthesis, history, logic research ways. The external mining partnership, formed in connection with public diplomacy, has given its results in the short run. In 1992, the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Uzbekistan received 36 representatives from 9 countries (England, Germany, Israel, India, Malaysia, Turkey, USA, France and JAR). In 1993, about 160 countries recognized the independence of Uzbekistan and established diplomatic relations with 60 countries. In 1993, The First President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov visited Germany, France, England, the Netherlands, Japan and India. As a result of the visit, an agreement on cultural cooperation was signed with India, Turkey, Germany, France, Great Britain and China. The development of public diplomacy has played a significant role in the Uzbek Culture Days in Germany and the German Cultural Days in Uzbekistan. At the same time, the role of art and theater days in the countries in the development of cooperation between two countries in the sphere of culture was particularly significant. The role of friendship societies and cultural centers in the development of bilateral relations between two states in Eurasia – Germany and Uzbekistan is immense. The role of "Uzbekistan-Germany" Friendship Society and "Germany-Uzbekistan" societies, which unite representatives of two nations in the development of cooperation within the framework of people diplomacy are unique.
The following issues are analyzed in this scientific article:the significance and historical role of establishing diplomatic relations between the Republic of Uz-bekistan and Japan. The huge role of ratification of the strategic partnership agreement between two countries is also shown. The peculiar specifics of the political system of Japan, including the nature, structure and basic functions of the parliament and the procedure for holding parliamentary elections, the place and role of the emperor’s institution in the political system, as well as the cabinet of ministers, are examined. The article considers the basis of the principle of forming the Cabinet of ministers, its role in the process of reforming the political system of society, the features of the political system, in particular the formation of a multi-party system, the reasons for success as a dominant party - the Liberal Democratic Party of the country, the role of the LDP in the process of modernization of the Japanese political system, the role of the Cabinet of ministersin the political system of society, the activities of the Japanese government led by Sh.Abe in the process of updating political system, the government’s program for the development of the country's economy, as well as the specifics of the practical implementation of this program, the activities of the parliament and the cabinet to amend the Constitution of the country, in particular, on articles 1, 4, 7, 9, 41 of the Constitution. Particular attention is paid to the processes of amending Article 9 of the Constitution, which deals with the issue of legal updating of the status of the Japanese armed forces, and on the basis of these changes will complete the "idea of creating" a normal Japanese army. The cabinet’s aspirations to expand the powers of the government by improving the legal norms of the Constitution, in particular by adding a special chapter 9 to the main law, are also considered.
The following issues are analyzed in this scientific article: the significance and historical role of establishing diplomatic relations between the Republic of Uzbekistan and Japan. The huge role of ratification of the strategic partnership agreement between two countries is also shown. The peculiar specifics of the political system of Japan, including the nature, structure and basic functions of the parliament and the procedure for holding parliamentary elections, the place and role of the emperor’s institution in the political system, as well as the cabinet of ministers, are examined. The article considers the basis of the principle of forming the Cabinet of ministers, its role in the process of reforming the political system of society, the features of the political system, in particular the formation of a multi-party system, the reasons for success as a dominant party - the Liberal Democratic Party of the country, the role of the LDP in the process of modernization of the Japanese political system, the role of the Cabinet of ministersin the political system of society, the activities of the Japanese government led by Sh.Abe in the process of updating political system, the government’s program for the development of the country's economy, as well as the specifics of the practical implementation of this program, the activities of the parliament and the cabinet to amend the Constitution of the country, in particular, on articles 1, 4, 7, 9, 41 of the Constitution. Particular attention is paid to the processes of amending Article 9 of the Constitution, which deals with the issue of legal updating of the status of the Japanese armed forces, and on the basis of these changes will complete the "idea of creating" a normal Japanese army. The cabinet’s aspirations to expand the powers of the government by improving the legal norms of the Constitution, in particular by adding a special chapter 9 to the main law, are also considered. The article also shows the prospects for the development of the political system of Japan, where in particular the main attention is paid to the role and importance of accelerated economic development in the process of improving the political system. In addition, the influence of national values and traditions of Japanese society on the positive development of the political system is examined. At the end of the scientific article, conclusions are drawn about the political and legal conditions that are created by the desire of the Japanese government for the development of the political system.
In this article it has been analyzed the issues of collision-legal regulation of international carriage goods relations in train. The author has considered such conflict rules as the law of following the cargo (in relation to the country of the littering baggage) of the country, the law of the countries of dispatch of cargo, the law of place conclusion of the contract, the law of the place of the incident in relation to international transportation in rail transport. In the result of research the author supposed the increase of kinds of collision norms using to the international carriage in the national legislation.
In the introductory part of the article the author gives concept of the international contracts and their value for today. In the basic part of the article the role of the international contracts in development of the international attitudes and a diplomatic language is comprehensively considered. In the conclusion the author comes to opinion, that nowadays the role of the international contracts has huge value in development of the international diplomatic relations and therefore, the states should develop and carry a special role to writing, i.e. language of the international contracts.
The article notes that the development of modern prose in Qatar fits well with the concept of "accelerated development of literature." Thanks to technological progress during the rapid economic growth of the Gulf countries – Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman, the Arabic-speaking countries of Khaleej (Gulf) quickly became acquainted with world culture and the world literary process, primarily with the literary experience of culturally developed Arab countries such as Egypt, Syria, Lebanon and Iraq. The author of the article, using the example of the short story genre, traces the stages of its development from descriptive short stories with weak conflicts and a naive plot with an edifying and didactic tendency to mature short stories that fit into the concept of a modern short story. In the literary arena of the 70s of the XX century such masters of the word as Ibrahim Sucr al-Marikhi, Kulsum Jaber, Fatima al-Turki and others appeared who made a great contribution to improving the short story genre in Qatar and first addressed the important problems of contemporary reality. One of such important problems, according to the author, is the problem of the emancipation of a Qatari woman - her right to have her own voice, get an education, and choose a profession. In its spasmodic development, the Qatari short story was also influenced by the modernist tendency due to acquaintance with Western literature. Short stories appeared that are distinguished by psychologism, the non-uniformity of the characters depicted, and a special attitude. Writers often using modernist techniques — a stream of consciousness, associative thinking, subtext, etc. — convey the emotional crisis of their hero, his painful spiritual quest. By the beginning of the XXI century, new bold young people who had joined the Qatari literature, caused the evolution of socio-ethical short stories to action-packed short stories, which raised social problems that were still hushed up.
В данной статье освещаются вопросы воспитания совершенной личности в демократическом государстве, дальнейшей демократизации и либерализации страны, воспитания нравственно зрелой молодежи в социально-экономической сфере. Также изучены экономические реформы, направленные на развитие молодежного предпринимательства и укрепление его нормативно-правовой базы в условиях либерализации экономической жизни общества. Изучена роль непрерывного образования в обеспечении духовной зрелости молодежи нашей страны и повышении правовой культуры, вопросы воспитания нравственно зрелых, всесторонне развитых людей в социально-экономической сфере. В частности, формирование знаний об основных понятиях, необходимых для дальнейшего повышения правовой грамотности молодежи, приобретение правовых знаний, позволяющих успешно работать в избранной сфере деятельности, формирование у них таких личностных качеств, как организованность, трудолюбие, ответственность, толерантность, что может способствовать их социальной мобильности и устойчивости на рынке труда. А также, рассмотрены вопросы повышения правовой культуры и расширения мировоззрения.
In the intruductory part of the article the author characterizes value and a role of economic integration. In the basic part of the article the role of economic integration in development of national legislation is comprehensively considered. In the conclusion the author comes to opinion that economic integration plays a greater role in development of the legislation and therefore, the given phenomenon it is necessary to study and realize its positive parties deeply.
This article describes the internal and foreign policy of Afghanistan in the second half of the XIX century, the difficult socio-political situation of the country after the First Anglo-Afghan War, the political relations between England and Afghanistan and various negotiations between them, the attempts of Dust Mohammed, who returned to power, to pursue a policy of unification of the country, his desire from the very beginning to begin all political actions to transform Afghanistan into a centralized state, the restructuring of power and its reform., highlights the fact, that the consequences of several years of fierce war led to numerous human casualties and seriously undermined the economic life of the country, Sher Alikhan, who came to power after Dust Mohammed, he tried to establish peace and
tranquility inside the country, that he carried out extensive reforms inside the country.
Глобализация и универсализация современной цивилизации в реалиях XXI века ставят новые задачи и порождают новые противоречия в функционировании и дальнейшем развитии каждого государства в целом и по отдельности. Любое государство заинтересовано в развитии интеллектуального и духовного потенциала страны. Ибо в эпоху глобализации образованность становится важнейшим компонентом экономического развития и накопления национального богатства страны, а высокий духовный уровень населения позволит органично формировать правовую культуру, способность нации жить и трудиться в свободном, демократическом государстве