The development of the region's investment strategy involves in-depth analytical studies of the region's attractiveness and a comparative analysis of the region's investment attractiveness.
The aim of the research work is to improve the results of treatment of patients with combined injuries of the pelvis and femur, by developing tactical and technical aspects based on the severity of the injury and the severity of the condition.
The object of the study was 130 patients with injuries of the pelvic and hip bones with concomitant trauma, treated at the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Aid and its Samarkand branch for the period 2016-2021 years.
The scientific novelty of the research work is the following: the structure and frequency of combined injuries of the pelvis and femur in the general structure of injuries, in the structure of injuries to the pelvis and femur separately were evaluated. the risk factors for the development of unsatisfactory results of treatment of concomitant injuries of the pelvis and hip, based on traditional clinical and diagnostic standards, have been determined; a direct relationship has been proven in the dynamics of the condition of the victims and the prognosis, taking into account the type and nature of segmental injuries; the device for external fixation for stable functional minimally invasive osteosynthesis has been improved and the possibility of expanding the indications for surgical treatment for combined injuries of the pelvis and hip in the early period of traumatic disease has been proved; the technical advantages of a complete set of an improved rod device for external fixation have been proved, the pelvic and femoral versions of which make it possible to use them for effective stabilization of the pelvis and hip separately during anti-shock measures, and for the final reposition of bone fragments; the direct dependence of treatment results on the proposed tactics of providing trauma care at an early hospital stage, depending on the type, nature, severity of pelvic and hip injuries, and the severity of the condition has been proved.
The introduction of research results. Based on the results of scientific research to improve the surgical aspects of providing assistance to victims with concomitant injuries of the pelvis and femur: based on the results of the development of a device for the treatment of fractures, a patent for an invention was obtained from the Intellectual Property Agency of the Russian Federation "Apparatus for the treatment of combined fractures of the pelvic and hip bones" (patent No. 2749897 dated 06/18/2020). The results obtained made it possible to improve the tactics of surgical treatment of patients, to shorten the period of hospitalization and the period of postoperative rehabilitation, to ensure the possibility of patients with minimal economic costs; on the basis of the results of scientific research on the diagnosis and treatment of concomitant injuries of the pelvic and femur bones, methodological recommendations were approved "Method for the treatment of victims with concomitant injuries of the pelvis and hip, depending on the severity" (Conclusion of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8 n-z / 288 dated August 31, 2021 of the year). The results obtained made it possible to improve the quality of wound diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with injuries of the pelvic and hip bones in concomitant injury; approved methodological recommendations "Tactics of rendering assistance to victims with combined injuries of the pelvis and hip, taking into account the severity of the condition" (Conclusion of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 8 n-z / 288 of August 31, 2020). The results obtained made it possible to improve the tactical and technical aspects in the treatment of injuries to the pelvic and hip bones, based on the severity of the injury and the severity of the patient's condition.
Scientific results have been introduced into the practical activities of healthcare, in particular, the Samarkand branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, the Jizzakh Branch of the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Aid, the Samarkand branch of the Republican Scientific Center for Emergency Medical Aid (certificate of the Ministry of Health No. 08-09 / 18979 dated December 02, 2021). The proposed tactics for the treatment of combined injuries of the pelvis and femur made it possible to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications of excellent and good long-term functional results from 66.1% to 92.6%.
The structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, five chapters, conclusions, practical recommendations, a list of referencesand applications. The volume of the text material of the work is 111 pages.
The article studies the problem of centralization and decentralization of the budget. An attempt was made to cover all arguments for and against decentralization. A comparative analysis of the benefits of fiscal centralization and decentralization.
The increased attention to the problem of “centralization – decentralization” in the last decade has been caused by a serious practical interest, which is connected with the transition from unitary to federal government, and the vigorous development of relations of fiscal federalism.
One of the important directions in digitizing economic processes is the need to introduce modern information technologies and e-commerce systems into the public procurement system. The aim of the study is to analyse the stages of digitalization of the public procurement system. The commodity exchange plays an important role in the effective functioning of the public procurement system. The study determined the role of the trading platform, its organizational and legal forms and functions in public procurement through the commodity exchange. The article describes in detail the process of
placing an order at the stage of public procurement, as well as the process of fulfilling a contract by a supplier. The article describes the procedure for organizing tenders, the conditions and procedure for participation in tenders. The article provides some suggestions for further improving the public procurement system: development and implementation of a national classification of goods (services) in the public procurement system that meets international and national standards; an increase in the number of operators working in the public procurement information portal system, and, consequently,
an increase in the competitive environment, etc.
Unlike developed countries, China's performance-based budgeting (PB) reforms were carried out in the context of a socialist political and economic system. The NYB tools were first developed in the West and aimed at overcoming the difficulties in managing budgetary resources faced by local governments. However, under the conditions of the socialist system, a complex method based on the "consumption-production" analysis is used to manage public finances.
The article highlights the essence and functions of entrepreneurial income. It is argued that entrepreneurial income is an integral element of society. The main features of entrepreneurial income are analyzed. The
organizational and legal forms of obtaining and distributing entrepreneurial income are considered.
This article discusses the application of measures for the payback period for the implementation of energy-saving measures. These solutions reduce energy consumption. Activities are divided into groups, which are formed depending on the payback period, an assessment of the effectiveness of their use is considered. It has been shown that the simplest measures shorten the payback period and have less impact on reducing energy consumption. The results of evaluation and comparison of the efficiency of investments in the implementation of energy saving projects are analyzed.
The transition to medium-term expenditure planning is about to be implemented in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Of course, this process may be experimental at this time. But transition to it is inevitable. We hope that studying and analyzing Turkey's experience in this regard and using it positively in our practice will give results.
The article defines the objectives of agricultural development in the system of territorial division of labor for the future, taking into account the emerging conditions of increasing water scarcity and
environmental tension, and developed proposals for the reorientation of the territorial and intersectoral structure of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic on the basis of improving the specialization of agricultural production.
At the same time, the main principles of the mechanism of economic regulation in the agro-industrial complex, capable of ensuring intersectoral changes taking into account the interests of the Republic, regions and producers of products, have been identified.
The main purpose of the research is to define the task in the areas of poverty reduction, socio-economic development of the regions, transformation of enterprises with state participation, formation and
implementation of investment policy, development of entrepreneurship in the country.
This article deals with the problem of decentralization in the private sector. The advantages and disadvantages of decentralization are determined. With the decentralization of the private sector organization, the horizontal and vertical interaction of the levels of the organization's structure is of great importance. The study showed that segmenting income statements provide an opportunity to analyze the profitability of segments and measure the effectiveness of segment managers. Decentralized companies divide their business segments into specialized centers depending on the responsibility of segment managers.
The historically formed a huge disproportion between the population of the country and available fertile land has determined the direction of China's state policy in this area for many years. By the end of the 21st century’s first decade substantial financial support of farmers on behalf the state and the sustainable increasing chemicalization of agriculture helped to overcome malnutrition and hunger. At the same time, the achievement of a high level of food’s self sufficiency of own production is only one of PRC’s steps to ensure national food security. Recent years have been characterized by the adjustment of the vector of application of efforts from the just formal availability of food, to increasing its accessibility for broad
strata of the population economically. The downside of the intensification of the Chinese agroindustrial complex was the aggravation of environmental problems and, as a result, a reduction in cultivated areas due to soil degradation. This factor makes it possible to predict an increase in the country's dependence on food imports in the long term.
The article analyzes the features of formation and stages of development, of the trade and economic relations between China and Australia up to the beginning of the twentieth century. It was noted that economic relations between two countries are the main component of the economic environment in the Asia-Pacific region (APR).
An important theoretical message for overcoming the consequences of the global financial and economic crisis in the context of comprehensive reforms remains the question of the role of the state in a market economy. Within the framework of the "Uzbek model" of building a market economy, it is the state that is the initiator and conductor of the ongoing reforms. And in the context of aggravated problems associated with the crisis, the role of the state becomes a key one in regulation, not only in Uzbekistan.
Purpose of the study. Estimate the functional status of patients using the PCFS (Post-COVID-19 Functional Status) scale.
Material and research methods. There were 281 patients under observation, with the presence of clinical manifestations of post covid-19 syndrome. As a control group (CG), 20 patients who had undergone COVID-19 and whose disease ended in full recovery were examined. The assessment of the functional status of patients after suffering COVID-19 was carried out using the PCFS method - Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (https://osf.io/qgpdv/).
Research results. In the main group of patients, the average score of the questionnaire was 13.34 ± 0.83 points. Patients who have identified a violation of their functional status at 1 point were 13 patients (4.63%), at 2 points - 90 people (32.03%), at 3 points - 117 people (41.64%), at 4 points - 61 people. (21.71%). In the control group, the patients assessed violations of their functional status at 0 points. The number of patients with extremely severe, severe and moderately severe COVID-19 was significantly higher in the main group than in the control group (30.61% versus 20%, 35.94% versus 30%, 33.45 versus 30%, respectively) In the main group of patients, the average number of background diseases was significantly higher than in the control group (p <0.05).
Conclusion. Patients with post covid syndrome have a higher score on the functional status scale (PCFS). Among the patients who scored 3 and 4 points on the PCFS test (significant limitation of daily activity due to symptoms associated with the previous infection and the need for help in self-care), there were more patients with a severe course of COVID-19 and background cardiovascular pathology and obesity.
In this textbook, the subject, knowledge methods, periods of development, the structure of economic relations in society and the functioning of the market; the main problems of the micro-, meso-, macro-, and mega economy on the scale of the whole world and individual countries were considered. The material is presented in a popular, clear, wide and numerous schemes, tables, graphs-pictures. The authors intend to make it easier for the reader to accept the content of the book and remember its main aspects through a unique design. At the end of this textbook, the chronology of economic history, the main economic indicators of world countries, and the list of winners of the A. Nobel Prize in economics are presented.
The paper reveals the current state of water management financing, analyses existing problems are presented. The economic nature of introducing the pricing for water delivery services in irrigated agriculture is justified as a market mechanism of water management system.
The models used in the practice of territorial administration differ by the autonomy of territorial level of government to make political decisions independently of the central government and the sufficiency of the necessary resources.
The ideal autonomous model of local self-government is a system with horizontal management, in which each territorial level authority possesses its own, exclusive competence, not intersecting with the higher levels of government in terms of powers and responsibilities.
Chast naseleniya, zanyatye rabotoy, a takje te lyudi, kotorye khotyat rabotat, ischut botu, no po raznym prichina poka ee ne imeyut, predstavlyayut soboy trudovye resursy. Ix izuchenie imeet bolshoe znachenie pri otsenke rynka truda iprovedenii gosudarstvom sootvetstvuyushche demographiceskoy politiki s tselyu vozdeistviya na processy vosproizvodstva naseleniya i ego zanyatosti. Gosudarstvennaya politika zanyatosti naseleniya – eto chast social-economic policy of the gosudarstva, napravlennaya na rreshenie problem zanyatosti naseleniya vy ekonomiki na osno povysheniya effektivnosti program obespecheniya zanyatosti, razvitiya sistemy sotsialnogo partnership, stimulating the mobility of the economic active population i sileniya gibikosti rynka truda. [1, p.188] Nastoyashchee issledovanie napravleno na reshenie sleduyushchikh zadach: obzor sovremennoy literatury po tematice trudovye resursy i obespechenie regionalnoy zanyatosti; statisticheskiy analyz zanyatosti i rovnya bezrabotitsy v Respublike Uzbekistan; Izuchenie i otsenka vliyaniya faktorov, vliyayushchikh na zanyatost trudovykh resursov Republic of Uzbekistan, s tselyu vyavleniya naibolee znachimyx iz nix. Ob'ektom issledovaniya yavlyayutsya trudovye resursy Respubliki Uzbekistan, objektom — faktori, povyshayushchie ee zanyatost. Issledovanie osnovano na ispolzovanii kak kachestvennyx, tak i kolichestvennyx metodov analiza. Qualitative analysis is based on modern research factors that define labor resources in the whole world. The quantitative analysis is based on the data of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Statistics, the Ministry of Industry and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Scientific Center for Industry and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and some other organizations. The theoretical significance of the study is presented in detailed quantitative and qualitative analysis and detailed comparison of factors of regional labor resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
State social insurance first appeared in Germany. This happened in the 19th century under the leadership of Otto von Bismarck. The principle of social insurance is very simple: pensioners are dependent on working citizens, for which they transfer a certain part of their wages to the state pension fund. Funds were distributed and immediately given to pensioners. In 1981, the amount of allocations was sufficient for both parties and was 1.7%. At that time there was no unemployment, life expectancy was short compared to today. A lot has changed since that time - the society is aging, allocations to the pension fund are 18.9%.
The presentation of entrepreneurial activity by various scientists and economic schools is considered. The extent to which it is justified to consider this activity as the main factor in economic development and solving a number of economic and social problems is discussed.
The scientific state of the art provides for optimal use in research to reduce the energy consumption of industrial buildings. A method of reducing energy costs for lighting buildings by providing natural lighting to industrial buildings through the use of a natural lighting system on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The analysis of the building's natural lighting indicators was carried out on the basis of the regulatory document ҚМҚ 2.01.05-19 “Табиий ва сунъий ёритилиш” .
An article describes problems of using specialist’s conclusion on preliminary investigation, examines possible solutions to tackle this tasks. By reasoning is determined. The matter of specialist’s conclusion as method of gathering evidences.
The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyev, in his address to the Oliy Majlis on December 22, 2017, stated that the development of entrepreneurship should be in the center of attention of our country, the necessary measures should be taken to support this area, remove obstacles and pitfalls on the way to the rapid and stable development of subjects management, customs procedures stressed that it requires a radical revision of the system of simplification and verification of the activities of business entities.
The authors of the article considere the experience of decentralization of government in the countries of Eastern Europe and some other countries. Also models of the development of local self-government were presented.