This research is aimed to study the legal nature of the main international treaties regulating international labor migration, the specifics of consolidating the concept of “migrant worker” in universal and regional international agreements. In accordance with this, the author determined the content of international acts, conducted a review of international universal and regional treaties that regulate the main categories of labor migration. Author concludes that the international legal regulation of the status of a migrant worker is the recognition of his legal personality, the concept of “migrant worker” enshrined in international treaties is intended for the category of migrant workers who are present and work in the state of residence only on legal grounds, the absence of the term “illegal labor migrant” in international treaties is a gap in international law.
The article is devoted to the emergence and evolution of people's diplomacy in international relations. It focuses on the interpretation of international and interethnic friendly relations, the analysis of their stages of development. People's dip-lomacy is one of the important aspects in the development of international relations of each state. The term people's diplomacy has historically been a mechanism for developing friendly relations between nations and states from the time of its formation to the present. The first period of formation of the term people's diplomacy originated in the East, and in the 60s of the ХХth century, the term began to be widely used in international relations in the West. At the same time, the role of people's diplomacy is expanding and playing an important role in the development of international relations. People's diplomacy is an important part of foreign policy, ensuring the improvement of relations between nations, the promotion of the country's interests in the international arena and the creation of its positive image. People's diplomacy is also a way to influence the thoughts and behavior of the population of foreign countries. Today, people's diplomacy is clearly reflected in the lives of all developing countries. However, there are a number of problems related to the extent and purpose of their implementation, the level of ensuring friendly relations between peoples. Therefore, the article also discusses the issue of people's diplomacy in international relations, its formation and stages of development, its role in the international community. The attention paid to the development of people's diplomacy in the international arena in recent years, in particular, and the analysis of the work being done in this direction are also mentioned. The article also reveals the importance of people's diplomacy and its equal development of friendly relations between peoples.
In the article is presented the features of the formation and stages of development of the Department
of «Economic Theory» of NUUz. There various areas of international cooperation over the past 3-4 years
are considered in detail. The main areas of international cooperation are: training graduates in the master's
program at international leading universities; preparation and publication of collective monographs and
textbooks with foreign universities; organization and holding of international conferences in conjunction
with the world's leading universities; preparation and publication of scientific articles jointly with scientists of foreign universities; participation of the department staff in international events; advanced training and retraining of the teaching staff of the department in foreign universities; conducting classes for NUU students by professors of foreign universities; conducting lectures by the department’s teachers at foreign
universities included in the top of 1000 universities; membership in editorial boards of international journals, etc.
The article gives a comparative analysis of the Charter of terminological organizations in the Persian and Uzbek languages, as well as its principles. It is well known that in accordance with theoretical and scientific views, as well as the recommendations of the world terminology of Vienna, Prague and Russian terminology schools, an international standard has been established, which is an instruction for all languages in general linguistics. Prior to this, a number of standardization associations were created, including in 1926 the ISA (International Association for Standardization) - the "International Association for Standardization", in 1931 in Europe the British Standard Institution - the British Institute of Standardization, and in 1946 the ISO ( International Organization for Standardization). And in Iran at different periods were established three language academy to preserve the purity of the language. The third academy, that is, the last of them, is the “Academy of Persian Language and Literature”, which was founded in 1991 and has its own Instruction. At the same time, "Atamakom" started its activities in the Uzbek language, and completed it in the short term. The article presents an analysis of the International Terminological Organization Standard - ISO 704, which was created at the school of world terminology, as well as the influence of its principles on term formation on the rules of term formation in the Persian and Uzbek languages, different and similar sides of each. In addition, some paragraphs of the Charter of the "Academy of the Persian Language" were compared and analyzed by the relevant paragraphs of the terminology of the Uzbek "Atamakom". The main goal of the article is to analyze the provision of terms for borrowing by terminological organizations that were founded for the formation of terms in the Persian and Uzbek languages, as well as compare and study the Statutes for the formation of new terms, to look at the correspondence of the clauses of the Standard of the International Terminological Organization ISO 704. As a result of comparisons of theories a number of proposals for the creation of terms in the Uzbek language are presented.
In the article, based on the provisions of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On International Commercial Arbitration”, the legal nature of International Commercial Arbitration is considered, the prerequisites for the creation of International Commercial Arbitration in the Republic of Uzbekistan are determined. It determines which disputes can be referred to International Commercial Arbitration, as well as the conditions under which arbitration has the status of international. The norms of the New York Convention “On the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards” of 1958, the European Convention “On International Commercial Arbitration” of 1961 are analyzed. The features of international commercial arbitration as one of the popular methods of resolving international commercial disputes are named.
Geopolitical transformations and their impact on the energy system are closely related to the formation of the modern world order, and the energy factor plays an increasingly important role in international relations. Currently, energy security is regulated not only by the laws of a market economy, but also by geopolitical interests. Recently, it has been observed that subjects of international relations are trying to use the energy and raw materials factor to advance their interests. In the modern world order, fierce competition and the struggle for energy resources have taken a new turn. Leading countries are striving to establish themselves firmly in regions with large reserves of raw materials. Relations in the field of production, transportation and supply of energy to foreign markets are directly related to geopolitical processes. Therefore, under the influence of geopolitical transformations, this form of relationship changes systematically and functionally. The modern international energy system is affected by the forces and factors inherent in the world order, and is becoming increasingly complex. Geopolitical transformations have a significant impact on the international energy regime, creating a new configuration of geopolitical forces. New large consumer centers are emerging in the international arena, and competition between them is growing. The emergence of new centers of power has a significant impact on international energy relations. Energy conflicts between power centers and other actors weaken the foundations of global energy security. At the same time, the lack of effective international legal mechanisms to ensure energy security complicates the energy situation. This article discusses the impact of geopolitical transformations in East Asia on energy security, geopolitical processes in the region, the impact of the geostrategic, geo-economic interests of leading countries on international and regional energy relations, the impact of economic competition and political tension on markets, investment and energy resources of the countries of the region on the total security of the region, the geopolitical situation in the region and the participation of leading states, as well as international and regional political and economic structures. Also highlights problems of energy security in East Asia, the energy situation in the region, current issues of energy in the region, energy policy and cooperation of the countries of the region, the main directions of modern architecture of energy security in East Asia, energy strategies of the countries of the region, the institutional foundations of energy security, the problems facing energy diplomacy of the states of the region, the impact of regional conflicts on energy security and other relevant issues facing today's energy security in the region. It also provides analytical forecasts of the future energy situation in the region and in the international arena. The article concludes with scientific recommendations aimed at ensuring energy security and enhancing the effectiveness of cooperation in the context of geopolitical transformation.
In this article were analyzed theoretical views concerning the definition of international rail transportation, widespread practical types of international rail transportation, international rules governing relations on international rail transportation.
This article explores the international contractual sources of the diplomatic law of international organizations and their role in protecting the personnel of international organizations. The main diplomatic treaties and conventions, the participation of Uzbekistan in these treaties and conventions, as well as their role in the protection of diplomatic staff of international organizations
were reviewed.
Mazkur maqolada mualliflar tomonidan farzandning kelajagiga otaning o‘rni qanchalik muhimligi, hozirgi kunda otalarning farzand tarbiyasiga e’tiborsiz bo‘layotganligi kabi jamiyat barqarorligi uchun muhim bo‘lgan masalalar tadqiq etilgan.
The text provides a comprehensive analysis of the role and evolution of international commercial arbitration as a method of alternative dispute resolution. It emphasizes the growing preference for arbitration in international commerce due to its speed, confidentiality, and perceived fairness. The text also highlights the efforts made by the Republic of Uzbekistan to develop its arbitration infrastructure, including its adherence to international conventions and the establishment of the Tashkent International Arbitration Center. The article further delves into the legal intricacies of arbitration agreements, discussing their validity, enforceability, and the formal requirements they must meet. It concludes by noting the ongoing changes in international standards and laws governing arbitration, suggesting that these are in response to the changing needs of the global market.
The article provides an overview of the literature on corruption relations in civil society, and then - the relationship between public administration, institutions and civil society.
The study examined cooperation with civil society in the fight against corruption and its solution, as well as its eradication at the national and international levels, as well as the activities of international organizations in the fight against corruption, their objectives and goals.
A comprehensive analysis of the international legal framework of civil society in the fight against corruption, the specifics of international legal regulation based on universal mechanisms, legal regulation of regional structures, as well as the level of interaction and powers of international NGOs in the fight against corruption was carried out.
The article analyzes the activities of the International Court of Arbitration of the International Cham-ber of Commerce, which is the most famous and popular institutional international arbitration for the international
commercial disputes resolution. Information about international arbitration and its activities is based on official sources and direct experience, as well as the author’s participation in the Plenary Session of the International Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce.
In this article, studied and analyzed the international treaties, which are a legal basis of the international cooperation on criminal cases. At the same time, for simplification of the analysis and detailed research of legal regulation of the mechanism of the international cooperation on criminal cases the author suggests to divide the international documents into some groups.
The article analyzes the concept of an international standard, its content, application and legal force. The concept of international legal standards in the field of human rights has been studied in the theory and practice of international law enforcement. In comparative terms, the definitions given by foreign scientists to the concept of an international standard are analyzed. International documents address the issue of social responsibility. When studying the topic, the author also puts forward theoretical conclusions and practical proposals based on an interdisciplinary approach.
This article examines the problems related to Islamic banking and finance,working on the basis of Islamic law, and presents opportunities and obstacles of Islamic banking in Central Asia and Uzbekistan.
The article examines the experience of Uzbekistan in preventing corruption in the private sector. It is determined that the negative factors of the spread of corruption among companies leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of the national economy, the quality of public administration, undermines the foundations of free competition, creates threats to the political stability and security of the country.
With the spread of corruption, the business climate and the quality of corporate governance deteriorate, the reputation of companies is undermined, and their investment attractiveness decreases.
In the markets of goods, works, services, negative selection is taking place, monopoly and protectionism are increasing. It was revealed that corruption in the private sector devalues democratic values, contributes to the spread of legal nihilism, permissiveness, money-grubbing, impunity, etc., causing significant harm to the interests of both society and the state, and the rights of citizens.
The thesis is substantiated that the most effective means of preventing corruption in the private sector is the introduction of anti-corruption compliance systems and the corresponding methods of their certification into its subjects. Based on the methods of a comparative study, measures have been identified to introduce anti-corruption compliance in business structures, as well as business entities with state participation.
It is determined that international universal, regional and special standards (UN, OECD, GRECO, ISO, etc.) have a significant impact on the development of national legislation and practice of law enforcement in this area. The thesis about the need to improve the legal foundations of the anti-corruption compliance system, the need to introduce institutions of responsibility of legal entities in Uzbekistan, prevent illegal lobbying activities, etc.
SUMMARY
The article examines the experience of Uzbekistan in preventing corruption in the private sector. It is determined that the negative factors of the spread of corruption among companies leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of the national economy, the quality of public administration, undermines the foundations of free competition, creates threats to the political stability and security of the country.
With the spread of corruption, the business climate and the quality of corporate governance deteriorate, the reputation of companies is undermined, and their investment attractiveness decreases. In the markets for goods, works, services, negative selection is taking place, monopoly and protectionism are increasing.
It was revealed that corruption in the private sector devalues democratic values, contributes to the spread of legal nihilism, permissiveness, money-grubbing, impunity, etc., causing significant harm to the interests of both society and the state, and the rights of citizens.
In order to eradicate corruption in all spheres of society, Uzbekistan is improving the appropriate legal, institutional and organizational measures. The Law "On Combating Corruption" adopted on the initiative of the President of Uzbekistan dated 03.01.2017. In addition to measures to prevent corruption in the field of public administration, he identified as measures to prevent corruption in the field of socio-economic development and entrepreneurship:
elimination of administrative and bureaucratic barriers, simplification and increase in the efficiency of registration, permitting and licensing procedures;
optimization of the control and supervisory functions of state bodies, improvement of the system of inspections of the activities of business entities, prevention of illegal interference in their activities;
widespread introduction of remote forms of relationships between government bodies and business entities;
creating equal conditions for doing business and preventing unfair competition;
introduction of effective legal mechanisms for public procurement, ensuring publicity, transparency and maintaining a competitive environment in the placement of public procurement;
creation of fair conditions and equal opportunities for the population in the field of education, health care, social security, public services and other areas of social and economic development, prevention of corruption offenses;
introduction of effective anti-corruption mechanisms in non-governmental organizations, etc.
The thesis is substantiated that the most effective means of preventing corruption in the private sector is the introduction of anti-corruption compliance systems and the corresponding methods of their certification into its subjects.
On the basis of comparative research methods, measures have been identified to introduce anti-corruption compliance in business structures, as well as business entities with state participation.
In order to improve the efficiency of the anti-corruption system, create the most favorable business climate, promote a positive image of the country in the international arena, by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to further improve the anti-corruption system in the Republic of Uzbekistan” No. UP-5729 dated 05/27/2019. the State Anti-Corruption Program for 2019-2020 was approved, which provided for strengthening anti-corruption measures in organizations with a state share in the authorized capital by: introducing a system of anti-corruption “compliance control” and monitoring its effectiveness, еnsuring internal order in accordance with the relevant anti-corruption standard (ISO 37001), as well as introducing special anti-corruption measures in the private sector, ensuring strict measures and control procedures, ensuring strict ethical rules when participating in public procurement, encouraging collective anti-corruption actions of businesses.
In order to improve the investment attractiveness and strengthen the image of our country in the international arena, introduce new mechanisms for working with ratings and indices in state bodies and organizations, by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On improving the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in international ratings and indices, as well as introducing a new mechanism of systematic work with them in government agencies and organizations ”No. UP-6003 dated 02.06.2020. the Republican Council for work with international ratings and indices was created.
Republican Council for improving the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in socio-economic, political and legal international ratings and indices 06/13/2020 the program of measures to improve the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the socio-economic, political and legal international ratings and indices was approved.
In order to increase the effectiveness of state policy aimed at preventing and combating corruption in all spheres of society and the state 29.06. In 2020, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On additional measures to improve the anti-corruption system in the Republic of Uzbekistan” No. UP-6013 was adopted
In accordance with the Decree, the Anti-Corruption Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the National Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Combating Corruption were created.
It is determined that international universal, regional and special standards (UN, OECD, GRECO, ISO, etc.) have a significant impact on the development of national legislation and practice of law enforcement in this area. The thesis about the need to improve the legal foundations of the anti-corruption compliance system, the need to introduce institutions of responsibility of legal entities in Uzbekistan, prevent illegal lobbying activities, etc.