In the modern world, along with the processes of globalization, the increasing permeability of the integration and communication processes of the post-industrial society, the problem of studying such a universal as national identity is growing. Global changes are accompanied by the separation of cultures and peoples, an increase in the negative impact on national identity, which causes the desire for cultural self-affirmation, the desire to preserve national values and state interests. Due to the threat of disappearance of the identity of the people, it becomes necessary to search for an updated approach to the preservation and representation of national identity. In this regard, there is a growing need for philosophical and methodological research aimed at identifying the features of national identity. The scientific article examines the formation of the methodological base and philosophical categories within the cultural tradition of the Japanese and Uzbek peoples. The significance of the research topic is determined by the dynamics of the development of the modern global world, integration processes, the growth of interaction and cooperation between different countries and regions, in such conditions, a rapid transformation of national identity is taking place.
The scientific conception of the article is founded on the literary interpretation of the original essence of literature through national spirit and national literary-aesthetic thought as a core dimension in assessing a certain writer’s work. It is put on the agenda that it is necessary to analyze theoretically and scientifically the best selected samples of each nation’s literature in the world from the point of view of national spirit regardless of what language the work was created by. In Uzbek literature of the XX century the work “Bygone Days” by Abdulla Qodiri was analyzed as a novel to meet this dimension.
According to the author’s opinion the national spirit in the work “Bygone Days” displays itself on the bases of the following three principles: 1) interpretation of specific customs, traditions, values, nation’s dreams and expectations endowing the national spirit; 2) expression of the competence to assess critically the nation itself; 3) poetic embodiment of courageous faith peculiar to national personalities in the work. In its turn, out of these principles, the first one presents nation’s morality, the second - its will, the third – its faith, and these three angles make the national spirit as a whole unit. It was discovered that the expression of the national spirit and literary skill were harmonized uttermost.
At the end of the article the research results were theoretically generalized
The scientific concept of the article is that the national literary-aesthetic thinking is of primary criterion in evaluating a writer’s work and the essence of literature is determined by the artistic interpretation of the national spirit. The best examples of folk literature in the world, regardless of the language in which it is written, is on the agenda as a question number one to be analyzed scientifically in terms of the expression of the national spirit. Abdulla Kadiri’s novel “Days Gone By” has been analyzed in twentiethcentury Uzbek literature as a work that can meet this criterion.
According to the author, the national spirit is reflected in the novel “Days Gone By” on the basis of the following three principles: 1) the interpretation of specific customs, traditions, values, dreams and aspirations of the nation, embodying the spirit of the nation; 2) an expression of the nation’s potential to look at itself in a critical spirit; 3) poetic depiction of fixed beliefs inherent in national personalities in the play. In turn, the first of these principles embodies the morals of the nation, the second - the will, and the third - the beliefs, and this trinity forms the national spirit as a whole.
At the end of the article, the research results are theoretically summarized.
Every nation has national values that have lived on for centuriesin the world. The upbringing of the younger generation is based on undoubted, national and universal values.It is in a society where national and universal values are valued that the socio-political environment is sufficiently formed to develop civic institutions, in which public opinion on a particular issue is formed on the basis of these values. serves to strengthen solidarity. We all know that the attitude to the national spirituality, which reflects the worldview and way of life of the nation and the people, its development on the basis of modern requirements, changing the worldview and thinking of young people requires deep and thorough thinking. In order to do the right thing in this regard, it is necessary to clearly explain to young people what the national cadre is. Of course, the main criterion is that we value the ideas and concepts that have passed the test of history, our national interests, today's and tomorrow's dreams and aspirations, fully meet the requirements of development, and become more and more valuable over the years. National value is the fruit of national consciousness and thinking.
Conceptual Field tests were attempted on sandy soils with three trimming frameworks at India for a very long time during 2011-2013. The trials were executed in split plot plan by relegating h2o dissolvable phosphorus composts in primary plot and suggest ed portion of phosphorus in sub-plot with three replications. The most extreme practical yield of rice, child corn and Chickpea were recorded with the utilization of . The most extreme efficient yield of progressive harvests - wheat, mustard and groundnut were recorded with the application of treatment. Practically comparable patterns were seen as far as side-reaction yield, supplement take-up and leftover soil richness status. Every one of the degrees of in compound manures were discovered to be similarly successful for grain yield, straw yield, supplement take-up, and leftover soil richness.
The ideological basis for the formation of the worldview of Mahatma Gandhi is based on the ideas put forward by his predecessors. If we consider this period from a theoretical and ideological point of view, then one of the most important aspects of the doctrine inherent in the Indian national liberation movement is its religious content. In the process of the Indian national liberation movement, the task of modernizing and adapting religious and philosophical teachings to the demands of the movement with the aim of adapting them to current political problems was especially urgent. Issues of social inequality, casteism and national unity were examined. The first national enlightened thinker of India was Ram Mohan Roy, who played an important role in the birth of the
national liberation movement in India. Dadabhai Naroji, one of the national thinkers of the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, demanded the participation of Indians in the government and emphasized the need to create an Indian state as an Indian nation. Bonkimchondro Chottopaddhai believed that the main obstacle to the development of the country was the lack of common interests among the upper and lower layers of the population. The philosophical aspects of Hinduism were reflected in the views of Swama Vivekanda, who promoted the idea of a common religion. Bal Gangadhar Tilak condemned the vices of poverty. Rabindranath Tagore called rural society "the support and mother of the people." The ideas put forward by these thinkers prompted Mahatama Gandhi to come to the forefront of the national liberation movement, forming the basis of his socio-ideological views.
The article is scientifically substantiated by the need to create a national corpus of the Uzbek language. Suggestions are given on the structure of the corpus, the program interface, the algorithm of the program, the technology for obtaining the results. Based on the experience of world scientists, the requirements for the data encoding format for the national corpus of the Uzbek language are described. The article says that the interface of the national corpus and the author's corpus has a different design, structure, its improvement is the responsibility of the author of the corpus, and the interface should evoke the first impression of the corpus, an attractive appearance. The interface should take into account decorations that reflect the national color, as well as symbols reflecting the classics or modernity, the interface should reflect the life and work of the artist, the works created by him should open in separate windows, partly in photo galleries. The types of internal and external interface are also discussed. The article analyzes the linguistic module and algorithm and its types from independent components of linguistic programs. The need for an algorithm for phonological, morphological and spelling rules for the formation of the lexical and grammatical code is scientifically substantiated. The importance of language modules, such as phonology, morphology and spelling, in the formation of the linguistic base of the national corpus of the Uzbek language is emphasized.
Currently, the use of digital technologies in the field of education is also in demand by teachers and students. Teachers must master not only the traditional form of teaching in the classroom, but also the use of computers and digital laboratories, platforms and mobile applications. In the course of the study, having familiarized ourselves with various sources of information, we came to the conclusion that this issue is very relevant for research. One of the online programs Edpuzzle has been studied on how it works effectively in terms of math teaching methodology. This is a digital technology that will help teachers develop video guides, special exercises and explanations on topics, and provides statistics for the teacher to track student progress. This article describes why it is effective and instructions for use in school. American students learn the whole subject easily and free of charge on the basis of an inverted classroom using the Edpuzzle platform. This idea of teaching mathematics has many benefits not only for schoolchildren, but also for use in universities. In order to assess the contribution of the Edpuzzle platform to improving the quality of education, we considered two main groups in the study: Control class 10d, class 10E conducted our research in the form of an experiment. Research to analyze the research work of scientists abroad and in the country and to study the effectiveness of digital technology in the wkl on the basis of experience.
This article reveals the scientific and philosophical aspects of the stability of society in the positive aspects of the spiritual and moral factors of the National idea to social development. Spiritual and moral factors are based on the fact that at a new stage of the development of our society, a person is the skills necessary for a new life, accompanied by a change in the spiritual worldview. The awareness of the national identity in society, the formation of national feelings-a substantive feature of the National idea: the fact that it is from the conditions of stability is scientifically based.
This article studies the problems of re-creation national originality in litrerary translation of outstanding state figure and well-known Uzbek writer Sharaf Rashidov in example of novel “G‘oliblar” (Winners). The article gives exact examples concerning to national specific words, and others lexical units, which is represents national specifics feauters of the novel. And there comes discourse about role and function of translation of national specific words.
The article analyzes the concepts of national identity. The value-gnoseological approach to the study of features of national identity in the era of globalization was analyzed in detail. Characterize the essence of the concept of national identity in the context of the processes of globalization.
The works of Abdullah Kadiri, who have attracted the attention of local and foreign readers interested in Uzbek literature for nearly hundred years, have been translated into dozens of world languages, including Turkish. This article analyzes the Turkish translation of the novel “Days gone by” (“O‘tkan Kunlar” – “Ötgen Künler (Geçmiş Günler)”). It deals with the degree of recreation of the national identity of the original in translation. From the point of view of comparison, the author also turns to the Russian translation of the novel “Days gone by”. In the article, the author gives his assessment of the work of the Turkish translator, who had to deeply understand the subtleties of the meaning of each word of the original, the culture and national identity of the Uzbek people. The author’s proposals and conclusions made during the study show not only the achievements of the translator, but also indicate some controversial points in the translation of the novel by an outstanding Uzbek writer. As it is known, in translation studies there are a lot of questions related to the transfer of elements reflecting the national indentity of the original in literary translation. When translating the novel “Days gone by”, which can be called with confidence the gallery of Uzbek national specific words, the translator should have the same talent and abilities as the author. However, its achieving is not an easy task. This can be seen in the example of translations of national specifications that reflect the national identity, culture and social life, traditions and customs, spirituality and worldview of the Uzbek people. After all, the translation of national specific words requires a special approach from the translator. It is impossible to single out such words among thousands of words and simply translate into another language. However, the fact that the Uzbek and Turkish languages belong to the same language family, and that many words have the same form and meaning in both languages, allowed the translator to translate the text without difficulty. However, despite this, the Turkish translator had to pay special attention to the fact that such words were not false equivalents, and had to study in depth the etymology of such words. This article emphasizes this aspect of the question.
In this article, socio-cultural factors that play an important role in the development and development of society, as well as in the development of the individual, forming the national mentality that reflects the national characteristics of the nation, the mechanism of influence of these factors on the national mentality, the Uzbek national specific aspects of his mentality are philosophically analyzed. In addition, in the article, the author focuses on geographical conditions from the factors that form the national mentality.
This article deals with the experience of translating historical novels in translation studies. It is also devoted to current and important problems of the theory and practice of translation of historical novels in translation studies today. The process of translating historical novels in translation studies is explained on the basis of examples of educational, political, ideological and aesthetic significance. It says that the translation of historical novels into foreign languages is important in promoting the national values of the
people to the world. The article also discusses the role of the experience of world translation schools in the translation of historical novels in translation studies, as well as a comparative analysis of the specific methods of the Uzbek National School of translation studies and world translation schools. It is emphasized that the translation of historical novels, unlike works of other genres, is important as works of high artistic expression, which clearly show the history, values, spiritual world and national spirit of the people. The main condition for achieving adequacy in the translation of historical novels is the transfer of artistic originality of the original, its national characteristics and the ability to fully reflect the individual creative style of the author. It also considers the successes and shortcomings of direct or indirect translation from one language to another. Of course, in the direct translations of historical novels, special attention is paid to the fact that the mastery of the translator is the primary task in restoring the artistry of the work. Also, the genesis of translation of Uzbek historical
novels, methods of translation, especially the problem of style in translation into English and
the peculiarities of working on the translation of historical works are studied on a scientific
basis. In this regard, scientific and practical recommendations have been given today, taking
into account the experimental trends of the world schools of translation, to improve the mechanisms of action for the formation of professional competence in the practice of translating historical novels.
The article scientifically analyzes the ways and forms of overcoming negative phenomena in the understanding of national identity. One of the most urgent tasks is to find out the reasons and mechanisms for preventing the alienation of young people from national identity in the information society in order to strengthen the intellectual potential of the youth of new Uzbekistan. Based on the works of Uzbek and foreign scientists, the article substantiates alienation from national identity and measures to prevent it.
In this article, the disclosure of the concept, the essence and types of the institution of a reservation on a public policy that is one of the means of protecting national interests in order to prevent their emergence, is carefully disclose the fundamentals of the national legal order and the constitutional system in the application of international legal norms in the regulation of international private law relations and national laws and rules of international treaties are analyzed