All articles - Sport Sciences

Существует много людей, не только в нашей стране, но и во всём мире, которые страдают гиподинамией, то есть недостатком двигательной активности.

Objects of researches were the professional sportsmen who are training in the sportcomplexes of Tashkent, experimental animals. A subject of researches: optimisation of a nutrition of professional sportsmen and protection of their health at the strengthened physical, mental and thermal influence.

The work purpose: development of scientific bases of a balanced diet of professional sportsmen in the conditions of the republic Uzbekistan. 

Research methods: hygienic, medical and biologic, biochemical, chemical, statistical methods of researches and questioning are used.

The received results and their novelty: are defined requirements for the basic food substances and energy of professional sportsmen RUz depending on professional skill, puberty groups, kinds of sports, climatic conditions and national features of a food defined which have not been defined earlier. Factors of physical activity (FFA) for separate kinds of activity of sportsmen are established. Power expenses of sportsmen by sports kinds, features and professional skill on the basis of daily average timing are revealed. Features of a condition of an actual food and a drinking mode of members Olympic and the national teams of Uzbekistan connected with national habits in a food and a hot climate are studied. Are revealed additional necessity to the basic food of ways of correction micronutrient structure of food in the conditions of high physical and mental loading. Have been developed toxicological passports of BAS for sportsmen. Has been estimated efficiency of actions for rationalisation of a food of professional sportsmen.

Practical value of the work. National daily average norms of a food for professional sportsmen by all kinds of sports with the account of puberty features and level of professional skill confirmed MH RUz (SanPi Ni are developed and confirmed: № 0126-01; № 0140-03; № 0139-03).

Degree of introduction and their economic value: results of researches are introduced in GDSES MH RUz, in Committee on physical training and sports RUz and are used at catering services by national teams on wrestling kurash, to free-style wrestling, boxing, weightlifting, swimming, other kinds sports, and also in sports colleges of the republic.

Sphere of usage: nutrition hygiene, physical culture and sports.

Everyone knows that since ancient times, physical activity has been an instinctive need of the body. The Center of Public Opinion Research "Ijtimoiy fikr" conducted a sociological survey on the topic "Sport: opinions, attitudes, problems and development prospects", this study showed that 60.6% of the respondents regularly go in for sports. In Uzbekistan, over the past 5 years, great emphasis has been placed on the development of the younger generation, health promotion, and a healthy lifestyle. Thus, 2021 was declared, "The Year of Supporting Youth and Improving the Health of the Population."

В древней Греции красота тела и физические качества ставились в один ряд с лучшими нравственными качествами человека. Считалось, что телесно совершенный человек просто не может быть плохим с нравственной точки зрения. И хотя сегодня люди понимают, что внутренняя и внешняя красота не всегда идут рядом, в глубине души большинство из них все же доверяют красоте и продолжают к ней стремиться. По этой причине в колледжах спортивного направления введена новая дисциплина, которая называется «Методы обучения избранным видам спорта». Согласно учебному плану для изучения этого предмета выделяется 165 часов, их которых 80 теоретических и 36 практических часов (всего 116 часов).
Данное учебное пособие посвящено совершенству физической природы тела и основным методам его достижения. В начале работы проводится экспресс-анализ физической активности и формы. Далее речь идет о кардиотренировке: ходьбе, беге, езде на велосипеде, плавании, тренингах на степперах, эллиптических и гребных тренажерах. Именно с этих упражнений, развивающих в первую очередь сердечную мышцу, специалисты рекомендуют начинать занятия спортом, можно приступать к силовой гимнастике и стретчингу - развитию гибкости.
Следующая глава посвящена совершенству тела и основным методам его достижения. В ней рассмотрены причины появления избыточного веса, влияние его на здоровье, традиционные и оригинальные способы похудения, приводятся двигательные упражнения для снижения веса. Их суть в активизации обменных процессов в организме при избытке кислорода, содержащегося в воздухе.
Далее идет глава «Построй свое тело». Ее можно назвать компактным справочником начинающего строителя тела. Здесь отражены многочисленные элементы физического состояния организма - от канонов и экипировки до тренировочных планов и прогрессивных методов накачивания мышц. Здесь же можно найти советы по питанию и о том, как избежать перетренированности и боли в мышцах.
Следующая глава - это энциклопедия спорта. В ней собраны материалы по истории возникновения и правилам игровых видов спорта, популярных сегодня в мире, боевым единоборствам, начиная с айкидо, каратэ, ушу и заканчивая бойбо, савато и капоэйро.
Отдельные разделы учебного пособия посвящены всевозможным спортивным правилам, проблеме допинга, профессиональному и любительскому спорту и движению «спорт для всех».
Учебное пособие предназначено для учащихся спортивных колледжей и колледжей олимпийских резервов, а также студентов факультетов физической культуры высших учебных заведений.

Subjects of the research: training process of karatekas in a precompetitive mezocycle
Purpose of work: to develop and experimentally to approve scientifically proved recommendations of optimization of system of construction of training process of highly skilled karatekas in a precompetitive mezocycle
Methods of the research: the analysis and generalization of the scientifically-methodical literature, studying and generalization of the advanced sports and pedagogical experience, pedagogical supervision, pedagogical control tests (testing), pedagogical experiment, pulsometric (fixing of frequency of warm reductions-FWR), dynamometry (the shock dynamometer for definition of force of the blows is used, the developed by M.P.Savchin, 1990), stenographic and videorecording, methods of mathematical statistics
The results obtained and their novelty: optimum volumes of the basic means of preparation on a precompetitive mezocycle are developed and defined and their influence on sports result is established, the interconnection between indicators of special working capacity and volume, the maintenance and distribution of training loadings is revealed, control specifications of the general physical readiness and special working capacity of karatekas of high qualification are developed, situational -remedial model of technique-tactical readiness of the qualified karatekas is developed. On the basis of results of competition the model of construction of a precompetitive mezocycle at karatekas of high qualification is approved at preparation for the main competitions.
Practical value: the rational parity of training means of preparation of highly skilled karatekas with the account of their orientation, size and coordination complexity is defined. The technology of preparation of karatekas in a precompetitive mezocycle with the account of modern requirements of sports of the higher achievements is developed and checked experimentally up in practice
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: results of researches were reported at republican, regional both international scientifically-methodical conferences and seminars. The developed practical recommendations are introduced in study-training process of national teams of karatekas of Uzbekistan. CYSC and CUSCOR. The effect of introduction was defined by increase of level of indicators of special working capacity of karatekas and successful performance at competitions.
Field of application: physical culture and sports of the higher achievements.

Subjects of research: competitive activity and the young football players’ training process.
Purpose of work: to increase efficiency of process of technical training of the young football players by optimization of the specialized means in view of parameters of competitive activity during long-term preparation.
Methods of research: the theoretical analysis and generalizations of practical experience, pedagogical supervision over competitive activity, pedagogical experiment, the mathematic statistical analysis.
The results obtained and their novelty: the data on competitive activity of the football players of 8-14 years arc received, on the basis of which the age laws of its structure arc established, are revealed priority TTA (technical tactic activity), reflecting CA of the young football players, is proved redistributions of educational hours assigned on technical training on fixed programs for CYSS and SCYSOR, basing on the established age features of competitive the young football players’ activity.
Practical value: consists in efficiency of the new methodical approach in initial training and perfection of technique of game based on the account of age laws of structure of competitive activity and priority for each age of technical receptions.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: the results of researches arc introduced in training process of the young football players from SSBS by football in Tashkent, that promoted increase of a level of technical-tactical preparation.
Field of application: theory and methodic of sport training of youth sportsmen.

Subjects of research: object of research were sportsmen-students of Uz.SIof PC, specializing in run on average distances.
Purpose of work: it is directed on working out and to a scientific substantiation of the program of preparation of students-runners on average distances to competitions during academic year.
Methods of research: the literature analysis, testing of physical and functional preparation, the account of sports results, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics
The results obtained and their novelty:
- insufficient efficiency of process of preparation of students-runners on the average distances, engaged under the traditional program, calculated for a calendar year, and not considering the academic loadings provided by the curriculum of institute;
- substantial increase physical and functionality, including growth of sports results at runners of EG (experimental groups), which process of preparation has been organized on the basis of the experimental program developed taking into account optimization of a parity of volumes of the basic both academic loadings and including the regenerative-developing exercise, carried out in antistatic positions a body.
Practical value: the program of preparation of sportsmen-students developed by us to the competitions, providing optimization of the basic and academic loadings at the expense of reduction of volume of nonspecific loadings and increase in a range of use of the nonconventional and rclaxations-respiratory exercises which arc carried out in antistatic positions of a body, was enough more effective and consequently has the important practical value for purposeful preparation of the sportsmen trained in educational institutions of a sports profile.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: materials of researches have been introduced in process of study-training lessons of students of Uz.SIofPC, specializing in run on average distances, there arc 3 certificates of introduction.
Field of application: study-training process of the sportsmen trained in high schools of a sports profile.

Subjects of research: educational process of professional - applied physical preparation of students of Melioration College.
Purpose of work: to increase a level professionally applied physical preparation of students of Melioration College in view of specific features of the elected speciality.
Methods of research: methods of research: the analysis of the scientific -methodical literature; questionnaire; pedagogical supervision; testing of a level physical preparation of the pupils; functional measurements (pulse metric, arterial pressure, life volume of lunge); pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics.
The results obtained and their novelty: the initial level physical preparation and morph-functional parameters, and its dynamics on years of professional college students’ training is established. The practical importance of the generated group of the tests and control exercises as an effective means of current and stage control for dynamics of parameters of the young men 15-18 years is scientifically certified. The program on PAPP (professional - applied physical preparation) by students of college is developed and is experimentally confirmed.
Practical value: the complex program of PAPP , introduced in educational process of professional college, has allowed learning of experimental group successfully to master exercises of the educational program and essentially to increase a level impellent preparation to the beginning of industrial practice; the efficiency of application is shown during educational learning of preparatory exercises of the applied physical qualities, directed on development, and also on mastering by elements of engineering of exercises of mass kinds of sports. The materials of experimental researches can be used in a lecture rate and in practical learning with the students and pupils in educational institutions of a various structure, and also for the students of faculty of improvement of professional skill.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: the results of researches are included in a lecture rate «The Theory and technique of physical education «in educational process of professional college. Use of theoretical-methodological rules and practical recommendations of the dissertation has allowed essentially to increase common and PAPP of students of college.
Field of application: educational process on PAPP of students of colleges.

Subjects of the research: training process of karatekas in a prccompctitivc mczocyclc.
Purpose of work: to develop and experimentally to approve scientifically proved recommendations of optimization of system of construction of training process of highly skilled karatekas in a prccompetitive mezocycle.
Methods of the research: the analysis and generalization of the scientifically-mcthodical literature, studying and generalization of the advanced sports and pedagogical experience, pedagogical supervision, pedagogical control tests (testing), pedagogical experiment, pulsometric (fixing of frequency of warm reductions-FWR), dynamometry (the shock dynamometer for definition of force of the blows is used, the developed by M.P.Savchin, 1990), stenographic and vidcorecording, methods of mathematical statistics.
The results obtained and their novelty: optimum volumes of the basic means of preparation on a precompctitive mczocycle arc developed and defined and their influence on sports result is established, the interconnection between indicators of special working capacity and volume, the maintenance and distribution of training loadings is revealed, control specifications of the general physical readiness and special working capacity of karatekas of high qualification are developed, situational - remedial model of technique-tactical readiness of the qualified karatekas is developed. On the basis of results of competition the model of construction of a prccompetitive mczocycle at karatekas of high qualification is approved at preparation for the main competitions.
Practical value: the rational parity of training means of preparation of highly skilled karatekas with the account of their orientation, size and coordination complexity is defined. The technology of preparation of karatekas in a precompctitive mczocycle with the account of modern requirements of sports of the higher achievements is developed and checked experimentally up in practice.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: results of researches were reported at republican, regional both international scientifically-mcthodical conferences and seminars. The developed practical recommendations arc introduced in study-training process of national teams of karatekas of Uzbekistan. The effect of introduction was defined by increase of level of indicators of special working capacity of karatekas and successful performance at competitions.
Field of application: physical culture and sports of the higher achievements.

Subjects of research: runners, having 2 sports category, specialised on short distances
Purpose of work: development of parameters of training loadings used by runners’ preparation in short and long sprint, on the basis of a principle of individualization in view of biological features.
Methods of research: the analysis of the scientific - methodical literature, testing of physical qualities and special physical reparation; the analysis of quantitative parameters of a racing step; pedagogical experiment; methods of anthropometry, somatometry, dcrmothoglific; methods of mathematical statistics
The results obtained and their novelty: arc revealed and the new approaches and variants of optimum construction of training process for runners, specializing in short and long sprint arc scientifically proved. Arc established most known morphological parameters ensuring high productivity on sprint distance. The concrete genetic markers, in particular attributes of dcrmothoglific, associated with a high level of high-speed qualities arc revealed. The parameters GCA (general crest account) arc most information attributes and can be used as authentic and objective criteria at realization of sports selection of the persons having high high-speed qualities.
Practical value: practical use of the received results will allow to carry out the differential approach in a choice of means and methods of physical athletes’ preparation, specializing in short and long sprint; the methodical ways of individual correction of training influences arc determined in view of biological features of organism.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: the results of research were reported at the international, republican scientific - practical conferences, seminars. The developed practical recommendations arc used by preparation of runners, being the participants of Republic competitions and University games.
Field of application: difference preparation of runners in sprint, the results of research arc introduced into educational process on faculty of Track and field unZSIof PC.

Subjects of research: system of preparation of perspective young gymnasts at a stage of sports perfection.
Purpose of work: scientifically an experimental substantiation of the program comprehensive planning of study-training process, on the basis of rational distribution of means of preparation and pedagogical control in micro- and a competitive mcsocycle of young gymnasts of 12-13 years.
Methods of research: the analysis of the special literature; pedagogical supervision; anthropometrieal measurements; pedagogical control tests; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics.
The results obtained and their novelty: the structure and the maintenance of a competitive mesocycle is developed and experimentally proved; the most informative factors of training loading, their interrelation and interference on success of development of elements of the classification program arc revealed; high efficiency of control requirements and estimated specifications on СФП and СТП young gymnasts of 12-13 years is scientifically confirmed.
Practical value: the complex program of management by study-training process in micro- and a competitive mcsocycle is developed; the technology of definition of the most significant indicators of training loading is offered; the control specifications which arc leading-developing complexes SPP of a selective orientation and preparatory exercises on STP on kinds of all-round for young gymnasts SK.JSOR at a stage of sports perfection arc defined.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: substantive provisions and results of research have found application in the organization and management of study-training process of perspective young gymnasts of 12-13 years, pupils in SK.JSOR. About realization of results of researches in training practice testify introduction certificates.
Field of application: the theory and technique of childrcn's-youthful sports on sports gymnastics.

Subjects of research: organization, theme, forms, methods, monitoring the health forming technology.
Purpose of work: to base arguments on facts and to inculcate the health forming technology on physical culture of students ensuring the improvement of condition of health and training health creation.
Methods of research: studying, theoretical analyze and generalizing the scientific, scientific and methodic literature, anthropometry, testing, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics.
The results obtained and their novelty: in consequence of single factor analyze it is established that the leading factors health indexes :physical development; physical condition; cordial and vessel system and movable preparation (index of mass of body, examining thorax, pulse in the rest, arterial pressure, level of physical condition, 1000 meters race, in the hanging lifting the straight feet to the horizontal bar) arc informative tests and means technology is sanitary training which fulfilling the sanitary functions, giving pleasure, realistic, individualizing, favorable consisting of basis norm.
Practical value: introduction in the educational process by physical culture of students of health forming technology allows essentially to intensify their interest to physical culture lessons, to increase the level of movable preparation and indexes of physical development, to ensure future specialist which knowledge, skills and practice, forming individual health is the basis of health creation promoting the successful fulfillment of forthcoming labor activity.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: the research results were presented in the form of reports in the international, republican conferences and publications in the journals: Vesting TUIT and Fan-sportga. The worked out practical recommendations were checked in Tashkent State University of Economics.
Field of application: educational process by physical culture of student youth.

The aim of the research work: Consists in the development and experimental substantiation of the method of developing [improving] the motor training of young boxers of 11 -13 years by purposeful use of differentiated mobile games.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
the reasons for the withdrawal from the sports sections and the sportive motivation of the young boxers of 11-13 years old who are engaged in the initial stage of preparation;
developed a program to determine the special physical performance of young boxers and determined the age dynamics of general and special physical training and physical development of young boxers at the initial stage of preparation;
similar motor actions arc determined by comparing the biokincmatics of movements in moving games and boxing;
correlation of physical development indicators, general and special physical training of young boxers is determined;
the mobile games used in the motor training of young boxers at the stage of initial training are differentiated, the volume, intensity and norms of their application arc determined, a technique for introducing [applying] outdoor games into the training process is developed

The aim of the research work Perfection of the methodological foundations for the formation of explosive abilities of athletes in speed-strength sports
The object of the research work sportsmen of various qualification and readiness.
Scientific novelty' of the research work:
perfection of psychophysiological bases of explosive abilities (explosive ability develop in the course of defined activity, the accelerated development is influenced by a purpose, the purpose acceptance, the realised traffic control, return afferentation, correction entering into constantly accruing purpose of action);
the new device (technology) for development of explosive abilities in training process for all contingents engaged irrespective of a sex, age, sports qualifications is developed and introduced;
device "SPORK" it is created on the basis of principles shown to psychometric methods; objectivity, integrated approach, dynamism and analitiko-synthetic studying;
for the purpose of fixing of symmetric execution of movements of both hands during competitions in vertical jumps the electronic variant device "SPORK" is created.

The aim of the research work: Working out the cluster system of restoring functions of organism on the basis of learning of disabled pupils and their results during the functional and physical preparation.
The object of the research work: Training sessions with disabled pupils and invalids at the specialized Republican professional college.
Scientific novelty of the study:
developed a set of exercises aimed at forming posture, improving the balance, and gymnastic exercises with a fitball, taking into account the specific characteristics of students with lesion of the musculoskeletal system;
a restorative cluster program of adaptive physical education for various forms of lesion of the musculoskeletal system was developed;
developed monthly and weekly classes based on the cluster program;
perfected mechanisms for assessing physical qualities on the basis of the motor abilities of students with lesion of the musculoskeletal system.

The aim of the research work: Identify the morphological and genetic characteristics of athletes - football players and their associative links with sports success in the team game.
Scientific novelty of the dissertation:
- for the first time the genotyping of football players on the polymorphism of the genes ACTN3, HIF1A and AMPD1 were carried out;
- for the first time it was shown that the variations in these genes arc associated with a number of anthropometric and composite indices, as well as with the level of tactical and technical activity of the players.
- for the first time the fact is established that players with R allelic variants of the ACTN3 gene, in contrast to athletes with the XX genotype, show higher tactical and technical activity during the short-term game, but they cannot keep this pace throughout the match.
- the incidence of the R allele and the RR genotype of the ACTN3 gene is higher among footballers of non-indigenous nationalities relative to the indigenous, among midfielders relative to the forwards, regardless of nationality, and plays a more significant role in the sports success of the teams at the national championship.

The aim of the research work: improvement of methods of development the speed-strength and technical-tactical training of women footballers of high qualification
in a year’s cycle.
Scientific novelty of the study:
appropriateness of the dynamics of speed-strength training of high-qualified women footballers in various stages of a year’s cycle has been revealed;
most typical quantitative features of technical-tactical actions of women footballers in the gaming process have been identified;
interrelation between indexes of technical-tactical actions of women footballer and the level of their speed-strength training has been revealed;
worked out methodology of improving the speed-strength qualities of high-qualified women footballers have been implemented into practice.