The scientific article devoted to various forms of Arab folk art an insignificant place has been allocated to “Folk laughter” – it means humor and satire. Examples of “Folk laughter” were studied only by side of ethnography or by the side of theatre history. After the wide spread of Islam in the Muslim world for along time there were nothing, that may named as theatre performance. The early years of Islam with their strict regulations and asceticism, it did not favor. But after the appearance of the Abbasid caliphate at the castles of the caliphs appears – al – kallas – crackers. Crackers are not only amused the rules, their arrows were directed against the palace orders or who tell into the people disfavor. Rules needed jokers to learn about the mood of the people through them. The people through crackers can to show their discontent and express at least in a joking way. With form of “Folk laughter” crossed the extensive folk urban literature of the Arabic middle ages. Actually, the essence at the “Folk laughter” the same at the all time, however, the predominance of certain features of the age. Laughter in the “Folk urban” literature refers in its type tomiddle age laughter. For the middle ages laughter it is characterized by a focus on the most sensitive aspects of human existence. The real article deals with the “culture of laughter “of the Arab nation, knowledge of humor and satire, that in research was considered secondary. In the article was given examples from the produced of the Arabic writer of the middle age Badi az-Zaman al-Hamadani (969-1008).
Advanced maternal age (AMA), defined as pregnancy in women aged 35 years or older, has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. This comprehensive analysis aims to examine the maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with AMA, considering factors such as maternal health, obstetric complications, and neonatal outcomes.
A thorough literature review was conducted, encompassing studies published between 2000 and 2021. Relevant databases were searched for articles examining maternal and perinatal outcomes in AMA pregnancies. A total of X studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed.
The findings reveal that AMA pregnancies are associated with various maternal and perinatal risks. Maternal risks include a higher prevalence of pre-existing medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and chromosomal abnormalities. Advanced maternal age is also linked to an increased likelihood of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and cesarean section deliveries. Additionally, the risk of pregnancy loss, including miscarriage and stillbirth, is elevated in AMA pregnancies.
Perinatal outcomes in AMA pregnancies demonstrate an increased incidence of chromosomal abnormalities, particularly Down syndrome, due to the higher likelihood of chromosomal errors during oocyte maturation. Preterm birth rates are also higher in this population, with associated complications such as respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal intensive care unit admissions. Furthermore, infants born to older mothers may be at a slightly higher risk of low birth weight.
To optimize maternal and perinatal outcomes in AMA pregnancies, comprehensive prenatal care is crucial. Early risk assessment, regular monitoring, and appropriate interventions can mitigate potential complications. Genetic counseling and prenatal screening for chromosomal abnormalities are essential for informed decision-making.
Speaking English is one of the important skills necessary for successful communication [1, p. 46]. Education at any age is inextricably linked with the age characteristics of students. Understanding what a teenager feels and needs will make his learning more effective. However, today there are no works that would conduct a comprehensive comparison of the age of a teenager and methods of teaching English speaking that are effective for this age.
The aim is to study the review of the literature review on autoimmune thyroiditis and violations of the reproductive function in women of fertile age
Methods. In total, 100 cases of Ait in women of fertile age with various disorders of the menstrual function (MF) and the reproductive system (PC) were studied. The average age of women was ranging from 18 to 45 years (31.5 ± 0.4).
All 100 patients were performed by a study spectrum, including the study of endocrine status (anthropometric - height, weight, waist volume, thighs, body weight index), general crystal, biochemical, hormonal (TSH, LG, FSH, prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, free thyroxine, antibodies to TPO and other - in the laboratory of radioimmune hormonal studies of the RSNPMC Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of Ruz. In addition, they performed an ultrasound study of the brief and genital organs, an ECG, as well as a study of the quality of life on the questionnaire of The World Health Organization Quality Of Life (WHOQOL -Qol).
Research results. Depending on the body mass index (BMI), the patients were distributed into 2 groups: 1 group - patients with ait with soblinic hypothyroidism -48 (48.0%) patients, 2 groups - patients with AIT with manifestic hypothyroidism - 52 (52.0%) patients.
In the structure of violations of MC in women, the 1st groups were allowed -24.6%, secondary amenorrhea -12.5%. These patients had a history of miscarriage (12.5%), stillbirth (14.6%). Violations of reproductive function were not observed.
In the structure of violations of the MC in women, 2 groups were an olnognosorya -59.6%, the metrrahny frequency is 21.2%, secondary amenorrhea -19.2%. For this category of patients, a high frequency of violations of the reproductive system (53.9%) is characterized, of which: primary infertility was observed in 40.4% of cases, secondary infertility - 13.5% of cases. These patients had a history of miscarriage (32.8%), stillbirth (39.8%), butorous prevention of the fetus (22.7%).
Conclusions. 1) The first stage in the treatment of menstrual disorders and infertility in women with ait should be the correction of excess body weight. 2) Most often, the violation of the MC and the reproductive function was observed in patients with ait and 1 degree of obesity than with ait and normal body weight.
Using unified and developed methods, some hematological, biochemical, and micro-and macronutrient status indicators were studied in women of fertile age with a normal health index and iron deficiency. It is shown that there are certain pathological fluctuations in some hematological, biochemical and essential hematopoietic microelements in women of fertile age with the development of iron deficiency. In particular, there is a hypoproteinemia, hypoferremia, hypozincemia, hypocupremia and hypertransaminasemia.
This historical exploration, titled "Political Reverberations," delves into the intricate tapestry of Victorian voting patterns, seeking to unravel the origins of party orientation and class alignment during this pivotal era. By scrutinizing archival records, electoral histories, and sociopolitical contexts, the research traces the evolution of voter behavior and the symbiotic relationship between political parties and social classes. The study not only sheds light on Victorian voting dynamics but also provides valuable insights into the roots of contemporary political landscapes.
Purpose. То study the effectiveness of the method of revascularization of the choroid using xenograft in patients with age- related macular degeneration. Material and methods. Administration of xenotransplantant (sheep pericard) into the suprachorioidal spase was carried out in 44 patients with Age related macular degeneration. Patients were examined before and 6 months after treatment. Conclusion. Direct revascularization of the chorioidea with administration of xenotransplantant into the suprachorioidal space was effective at all stages of Age related macular degeneration, favoring improvement of visual functions and stabilization of the process. In scarring stage the operation was a metod of choice in the treatment of these patients.
In an era defined by rapid technological advancement, educational leaders find themselves at the forefront of navigating the complexities of the digital age. This abstract explores the pivotal role of ethical leadership in guiding educational institutions through the uncharted waters of the digital frontier. It discusses the challenges and opportunities presented by technology in education, emphasizes the importance of ethical decision-making, and highlights the need for leaders who can steer the course while upholding the values of fairness, equity, and integrity. By examining the evolving landscape of education in the digital age, this abstract provides insights into the critical dimensions of ethical leadership essential for creating a sustainable and equitable educational future.