Ushbu maqola maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalarning chet tilini o‘zlashtirishining muhimligi, bugungi kundagi ahamiyati haqida bo‘lib, unda asosan, maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalarga chet tilini o‘rgatish
usullari yoritilgan
We, to study in dynamics the agesex features of the physical development of organized preschool children (from 4 to 7 years of age) and develop evaluation tables (standards). The level of physical development of children is one of the main indicators of health. Physical development, unlike other indicators of the sanitary state of the population (morbidity, mortality), gives a direct positive characteristic of public health.
AIM: To analyze clinicofunctional and echobiometric indicators of the eyes in children with target refraction, pseudofacial myopia, and their mothers.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the eye department of the clinic of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, a correlation analysis of optical and echobiometric indicators was conducted in 30 children (30 eyes) with artifakia and their mothers (60 eyes). Visiometry, keratorefractometry, and ultrasound examination (A/В scan of the eyeball) were conducted. Children were examined 12-14 months after CC extraction with intraocular lens (I0L) implantation.
RESULTS: A strong direct correlation was determined between the optical power of lOLs in children and their mothers who were theoretically planned for I0L implantation of lOLs in the group that has achieved target refraction. This may indicate the possibility that the child has the same optical power as the mother and the optical power of lOLs in a child is the same as that in adults. No correlation was found between the optical power of the I0L in the eyes of children with pseudophakic myopia and maternal artificial lenses theoretically planned for implantation.
CONCLUSION: The direct strong correlations between the optical power of the I0L of children and the lenses of their mothers in the group with the target refraction achieved by this age make it possible to use the optical power of maternal lenses as a “guideline" when calculating the power of the I0L implanted in children to achieve the target refraction. The lack of correlation between the refractive powers of the I0L in children with pseudophakic myopia and the lenses of mothers may indicate that the SRKII formula with age-related hypocorrection is not adapted to calculate the I0L power in children at risk of excessive refractive enhancement after surgery.
This article focuses on the importance of the attention paid by the educational staff of the preschool educational organization and parents to the child in determining the talent of preschool children. Due to the fact that the pedagogues working in the preschool educational organization are lazy in identifying the child's hidden talent, the talent of some children remains hidden. For this reason, in this article, several views about the personal activity of a gifted child, as well as the information of his individual talent and the psychological mechanisms used in the process of self-development of the child's personality are put forward. This article is based on the opinions of pedagogic scientists who have worked on the issue of determining a child's talent. The methods used by scientists conducting research in this regard are of great importance in revealing the child's hidden abilities.
This article focuses on the psychological characteristics of preschool children, the issues of quality preparation of children for school education by educators and psychologists, ways of preparing children for school education in the family, developmental characteristics of preschool children. Pedagog and psychologist the views of scientists about children's developmental characteristics are also covered. Recommendations are made regarding cooperation with parents and work to be done in preparing preschool children for school education. The role of mental and physical qualities in the development of preschool children and information on proper upbringing of children are mentioned in the article.
This review presents meta-analyses on nutrition in patients with critical illness using ASPEN/SCCM (2017), SSC (2012, 2021), ESPNIC (2020), and SSC (2020) pediatric sepsis guidelines. The ESPNIC (2020) guideline, based on new evidence, complements most of the existing ASPEN (2017) guidelines for critical pediatrics. Children’s SSC (2020) did not find direct evidence and sufficient data to develop strong nutritional recommendations for children with sepsis/SS. Many issues remain unresolved, requiring systematic analysis. In the literature search, only a few randomized clinical trials have focused on the assessment and correction of protein-energy malnutrition in pediatric intensive care. Over the past decade, small and large pediatric studies have recommended nutritional therapy. However, given the heterogeneity of children admitted to intensive care units in terms of age, pathology, disease severity, presence of comorbidities, and nutritional status, it is unrealistic to expect that one nutrition strategy applies to all patients requiring intensive care. Therefore, most clinicians emphasize the need for an individualized approach to nutrition support in children, taking into account the pathology, severity, initial nutritional status, and risk–benefit ratio of different nutritional therapies. An extensive search of the literature on the problem did not reveal strong nutritional recommendations for children with sepsis/SS, which dictates the need for future research on the topic and correction of protein-energy malnutrition in children with sepsis/SS.
In the modern world, in connection with global, geopolitical, economic and sociocultural changes, more stringent requirements are imposed on a person. There is an increasing need to communicate freely in a foreign language, and sometimes even in several. The way and the amount of perception of information has changed, so it is necessary to change approaches to learning. There is an opinion that early teaching of foreign languages complicates the content of preschool education, and is harmful, since it deprives a child of childhood. However, studies have shown that the study of foreign languages, with the correct organization of classes, develops children, increases their educational and cultural level
Perinatal hypoxic lesions of the central nervous system in a newborn and their consequences are an important medical and social problem, since in the future they can lead to neurological disorders of various manifestations and severity.
The article includes data from the analysis of the immune status and development of children who have undergone perinatal CNS damage, which are important for doctors, especially for pediatricians, and the study of this problem remains an open question.