Том 4 № 17 (2025)

This article analyzes the presence of legal norms regulating insurance relations in regulatory documents of various fields (constitutional, administrative, environmental and other branches of law). It is analyzed that the set of regulatory documents containing insurance standards forms a complex, cross-sectoral legislation on insurance, and that civil legal sources of insurance law form a certain system, in which the Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Law "On Insurance Activities" occupy a central place.

This article analyzes the impact of digital technologies and interactive methods on students' reading literacy. The ways of developing students' skills in understanding, analyzing, and expressing opinions through the use of modern tools in the teaching process are considered. Conclusions are made based on scientific research, practical examples, and innovative approaches.

This article explores the significance of media texts within the field of media linguistics, emphasizing their role in communication and social interaction. The study examines the characteristics of media texts, their functions, and their impact on public discourse. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, the article highlights how media texts serve as a lens for understanding language use in various media forms, including print, broadcast, and digital platforms. This research contributes to the broader understanding of the interplay between language and media in contemporary society and offers insights into the implications for critical media literacy.

Dan Brown’s Angels & Demons (2000) employs intertextuality through historical, religious, and conspiracy-laden symbols to construct a narrative that blurs the lines between fact and fiction. This paper examines the intertextual use of the Illuminati and Devil’s Hole as symbolic constructs that reinforce themes of secrecy, power, and the eternal struggle between science and religion. By analyzing these symbols through the lens of intertextuality—where texts borrow and reinterpret prior meanings—we uncover how Brown recontextualizes esoteric and historical references to create a modern thriller deeply rooted in myth and conspiracy.

Mazkur maqolada So‘fi Olloyorning mashhur “Sabotul ojizin” asari ilmiy va adabiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Asarning til uslubi, diniy-axloqiy mazmuni, badiiy shakllari va o‘z davrining adabiy-estetik qarashlariga ta’siri yoritiladi. Shuningdek, bu asarning eski o‘zbek adabiyoti tarixidagi o‘rni va bugungi tadqiqotlar uchun ahamiyati ko‘rib chiqiladi.

Sharq adabiyotida dostonlar odatda uch bo‘lim – hamd (Allohga madh), na’t (Payg‘ambarga madh), munojot (duo) bilan boshlanadi. Bu an’ana Navoiyning “Hayrat ul-abror” asarida ham saqlangan. Asar muqaddimasidagi na’t bo‘limi shoirning din, e’tiqod va ma’naviyatga sadoqatini namoyon etuvchi muhim bo‘lim hisoblanadi

This paper explores the stylistic devices employed by J.K. Rowling in her groundbreaking novel Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. The study investigates metaphor, simile, alliteration, irony, personification, symbolism, and other key stylistic tools that serve narrative, emotional, and imaginative functions. By focusing on the linguistic features of the novel, this paper shows how stylistic choices contribute to world-building, character development, and reader immersion. A secondary focus is placed on translation challenges, especially in preserving stylistic effects across languages.

Amid rapid global changes in education and increasing competition, the goals of primary education are being redefined. Beyond acquiring knowledge, the focus is shifting towards developing students’ personal, emotional, and social competencies—preparing them for real life and effective integration into society.

This research investigates the use of directive speech actions by university leaders in Uzbekistan and English-speaking nations, with a focus on their linguistic forms, pragmatic roles, and cultural context.  The study compares speeches, emails, and official addresses by rectors, deans, and department heads to see how direct and indirect directives are used and mitigated in different cultural situations.  Using frameworks from speech act theory, politeness theory, and intercultural pragmatics, the findings demonstrate unique patterns influenced by power distance, formality standards, and institutional hierarchy.  The study advances our understanding of leadership communication in academia and has implications for intercultural competency and discourse analysis.

Zamonaviy badiiy hunarmandchilikning ko‘plab turlari miniatyura san’ati bilan uyg‘un tarzda yaratilmoqda. Masalan yog‘och o‘ymakorlik buyumlari sanalgan kichik shkatulkalar.turli xajmdagi laganlar xattoki devoriy bezak ko‘rinishlarida ham miniatyuraviy tasvirlarni uchratamiz. Ushbu tasvirlarda asosan chordana qurib o‘tirgan shoiru-olimlar, karvon, diniy obidalar ko‘rinishidagi mavzular ustunlik qiladi.

This article focuses on developing pedagogical strategies for teaching the genetic aspects of diabetes, emphasizing the complex interplay between genetic factors and environmental influences. The article explores evidence-based approaches to communicating the genetic basis of diabetes to students within the framework of pedagogical disciplines. Strategies based on constructivist educational theories, such as inquiry-based learning and problem-based learning, are important in increasing genetic literacy and promoting preventive behaviors. The article emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches, culturally appropriate pedagogy, and teacher training. The effectiveness of the strategies is measured through evaluation methods, which serves to continuously improve the educational process. The article demonstrates the long-term impact of these strategies in increasing health literacy and preventing the disease, given the position of diabetes as a global health problem. This work makes an important contribution to the dissemination of genetic knowledge to society through educational sciences and the achievement of sustainable health outcomes.

Globallashuv davrida ta'lim jarayoniga an'anaviy tushunchalar qatorida masofaviy ta'lim tushunchasining kirib kelishi ta'lim tizimi takomillashuvini, ya'ni texnika asrining asosiy maqsad va vazifalarini belgilab beruvchi kuchga aylanmoqda.

Статья раскрывает искусство гармонизации мелодии как синтез теории и творчества. В первой части исследуются исторические корни гармонии и три ключевые системы: функциональная, модальная и аккордовая, а также техника перегармонизации. Вторая часть посвящена практике: от базовых методов (анализ мелодии, трезвучия, голосоведение) до сложных приёмов (джазовые замены, альтерации). Материал подкреплён примерами из творчества И.С.Баха, Д.Гершвина и опорой на труды Ю.Н.  Холопова, И.И Дубовского.

This paper presents a detailed legal and comparative analysis of the functions, challenges, and regulatory models of Sharia boards in Islamic banking services. Drawing on global best practices, authoritative legal sources, and scholarly opinions from respected Sunni jurists, this study highlights the pivotal role of Sharia governance in ensuring the ethical and legal compliance of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs). It also evaluates the prospects of implementing Sharia boards in Uzbekistan, given the regional and international experience, and offers recommendations for a sustainable legal framework.

Ички ишлар органлари томонидан ижтимоий профилактика фаолиятини самарали ташкил этиш борасидаги илғор хориж тажрибаси Германия, Япония, АҚШ, Франция каби ривожланган давлатлар ҳуқуқни муҳофаза қилувчи органлари фаолиятида жамоатчилик билан ҳамкорлик, профилактик тадбирларнинг давомийлиги, маҳаллалар билан интерактив ишлаш каби ютуқли ёндашувлар ўрганилди. Шунингдек, ушбу тажрибаларнинг Ўзбекистон шароитида қўллаш имкониятлари, мавжуд тўсиқлар ва мослаштириш механизмлари атрофлича ёритилди. Мақолада ижтимоий профилактика самарадорлигини оширишга қаратилган тавсия ва таклифлар ҳам илгари сурилган.

This study examines the benefits of employing games as a pedagogical approach for teaching grammar to young learners within the Kids’ English curriculum.  It stresses how important interactive and fun activities are for helping young language learners understand grammar better, stay motivated, and remember what they've learnt.  The research used a qualitative methodology grounded in classroom observations and teacher interviews, demonstrating that grammar games substantially enhance the engagement and comprehension of kids aged 6 to 10.  The results show that combining games with structured resources like Kids' English creates a lively learning environment that encourages active involvement and keeps kids interested in learning a language.

В данном тезисе раскрывается сущность принципа свободного, предварительного и информированного согласия (FPIC) как одного из центральных механизмов международного права, обеспечивающего защиту прав коренных народов и местных сообществ. Рассматриваются ключевые характеристики FPIC, такие как свобода выбора, предварительность и осведомлённость, а также его правовая природа, основанная на праве на самоопределение. Анализ подчеркивает, что FPIC представляет собой не одноразовый акт, а полноценный, инклюзивный процесс коллективного принятия решений, в котором учитывается воля всей общины. Принцип FPIC противопоставляется формальному проведению консультаций без стремления достичь согласия, а его отсутствие может вести к нарушениям прав и международным спорам. Уточняется, что FPIC не предполагает обязательного единогласия, но требует добросовестного и справедливого процесса обсуждения внутри общины.

Ушбу мақолада  тиббиёт олий таълим муассасалари талабаларида конвергент-креатив ёндашув асосида тиббий билимларини такомиллаштиришнинг инновацион йўллари ҳамда ушбу фаолиятни самарали ташкил этиш усул ва воситаларини ишлаб чиқиш ҳақида фикр юритилган.

This articlе еxplorеs thе pеdagogical approachеs to fostеring a sеnsе of tolеrancе in prеschool-agеd childrеn. In thе contеxt of incrеasing cultural divеrsity and globalization, it is еssеntial to introducе valuеs such as еmpathy, mutual rеspеct, and accеptancе of diffеrеncеs from an еarly agе. Thе study еxaminеs thе psychological and social dеvеlopmеnt of young childrеn and thе rolе of еducators, parеnts, and еarly childhood institutions in shaping tolеrant bеhaviors. Spеcial attеntion is givеn to intеractivе lеarning, rolе-playing, and storytеlling as еffеctivе tools in promoting tolеrancе. Thе articlе also discussеs challеngеs facеd in this procеss and providеs rеcommеndations for crеating a tolеrant еducational еnvironmеnt in kindеrgartеns.

Bugungi kunda ta’lim samaradorligini oshirish haqida juda ko’p qaror va farmonlar chiqarildi. Bundan ko’zlangan maqsad pedagogik ta’lim sohasini yanada takomillashtirish, zamonaviy bilim va pedagogik texnologiyalarni qo’llash orqali bilimli, ma’naviyati yuksak, mamlakatimiz ravnaqiga hissa qo’sha oladigan yosh avlodni yetkazib berishdir. Buning uchun ta’lim sohasiga ilg’or ta’lim texnologiyalarini joriy qilish, shuningdek, davlatimiz tomonidan belgilab berilgan vazifalarni amalga oshirish har bir o`ituvchining pedagogik burchidir. Mazkur maqolada Politexnikumlarda ona tili darslarida oʻquvchilarga yuklamalarni oʻqitilishi haqida soʻz boradi.

This article talks about the harmony of Idea and theme in the works of turkiynavis poet asriy Tabrizi, who lived and worked on the territory of Iran. The study was a comparative analysis of how century-old creativity was influenced by predecessors, the scale of the content of the topic, in particular, as yor Wasfi, the statement of the anguish and the state of love, approached eternal topics in a unique way and expressed their ideas in an unconventional way.

The COVID‑19 pandemic significantly affected not only global health and economics but also language. This paper explores how the coronavirus has become a catalyst for linguistic innovation, leading to the creation and widespread adoption of new words, phrases, and abbreviations. It examines the mechanisms behind lexical change during crises, focusing on the integration of these neologisms into everyday English and their reflection of social behavior, technology, and media influence.

Musiqa asbobini chalayotganda, vizual tarzda idrok etilgan har bir musiqiy belgilar, vosita buyruqlariga tarjima qilinadi, bir vaqtning o‘zida instrumental chiqishni kuzatib boradi va ko‘p sensorli fikr-mulohazalarni o‘z ichiga oladi. Skripkada mashq qilishni boshlashdan avval, ong musiqa, ohang va o‘yin apparati (tanasi) harakatlari haqida aniq tasavvurga ega bo‘lish kerak. Ushbu maqolada skripkani mashq qilish uchun kognitiv yondashuv keltirilgan; ya’ni badiiy va talqin maqsadlari bilan birga, avvalo musiqa belgilarini ko‘rish, musiqiy tuzilmani aniqlash, iborani tasavvur qilish, kerakli texnikani aniqlash, qayd qilish, ayniqsa qo‘l va qo‘llarning harakatlari va hissiy tuyg'usini, butun o‘yin apparatini tasavvur qilish orqali mashq qilishdir. Ushbu maqola aqliy mashq qilish juda muhimligini ko‘rsatadi.

This paper investigates the role of three widely recognized foreign language teaching approaches—Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Total Physical Response (TPR), and Phonics—in developing phonetic competence among primary school learners. The study aims to explore how each method contributes to improving learners' pronunciation, stress, and intonation, and how these methods can be effectively integrated into early English instruction.

Among surgical diseases of the liver and extrahepatic bile ducts, the most severe are still those accompanied by persistent obstruction of the main bile ducts, leading to the development of obstructive jaundice. The diagnosis and treatment of patients with biliary hypertension syndrome due to obstructive jaundice (OJ) remains a pressing issue in emergency abdominal surgery.

In the 21st century, teacher education must equip future teachers with advanced cognitive and professional skills. This article examines how recent pedagogical innovations – especially technology-enhanced and competency-based approaches – can develop intellectual competence and professional intelligence in pre-service teachers. Intellectual competence is understood as the analytic, creative, and critical thinking skills that underlie effective teaching. Professional intelligence (or professional thinking) refers to the domain-specific cognitive flexibility and problem-solving ability that enables teachers to respond adaptively to classroom challenges. We review theoretical foundations of these constructs and then describe innovative teaching strategies (e.g. blended/flipped learning, gamification,  collaborative learning, project-based learning) that foster them.

Ушбу мақолада жамоат тартибига қарши жиноятларга оид миллий ва хорижий қонунчилик нормаларининг қиёсий-ҳуқуқий таҳлили, моҳияти, ушбу турдаги ҳуқуқбузарликлар учун жавобгарликни белгиловчи миллий ва хорижий қонунчилик нормалар таҳлили ёритилган.

Ensuring legality in operational-search activity is directly related to the fundamental guarantees of human rights and freedoms in a legal state.

This article discusses the features of high school students as a social group, their value-semantic orientations in modern society. The possibility of developing a harmonious developed personality by means of fitness technologies using innovative techniques and methods when performing exercises is highlighted. Theoretical foundations of fitness as a technology of physical culture in high school, as well as an integrated approach to the improvement and development of the body are analyzed.

Mazkur maqolada Luqmon Bo‘rixonning “Jaziramadagi odamlar” romani badiiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Muallifning individual uslubi, asardagi qahramonlarning ko‘p qirrali tasviri, zamon va makonning noaniqligi, roman strukturasidagi uzviylik hamda har bir bobning mustaqil hikoya sifatida talqin qilinishi asarning o‘ziga xosligini ta’minlaydi. Qahramonlarga nisbatan muallifning xolis yondashuvi, ijtimoiy qoliplarga qarshi turuvchi tasvirlar va o‘quvchiga mustaqil fikr bildirish imkonini beruvchi hikoya uslubi romanni an’anaviy va zamonaviy adabiyot oralig‘ida yangi bir bosqichga olib chiqadi. Maqola roman poetikasidagi yangi uslubiy izlanishlar va badiiy individuallik mezonlarini ochib beradi.

Ushbu maqolada Huvaydo ijodiga oid qo‘lyozma to‘g‘risida so‘z boradi va uning tavsifi beriladi.

Ушбу мақолада акциядорлик жамиятларида молиявий режалаштиришни самарали ташкил этиш ва бошқариш масалалари таҳлил қилинган. Молиявий режалаштиришнинг назарий асослари, унинг турлари, вазифалари ва замонавий моделлари кенг ёритилган. Мақолада 2020-2024 йиллар давомида Ўзбекистондаги “Ўзавтосаноат” АЖ мисолида амалий таҳлил олиб борилиб, режалаштириш жараёнидаги муваффақиятлар, ютуқлар ва камчиликлар таҳлил қилинган. Шунингдек, халқаро тажриба, хусусан, Япониянинг “Toyota Motor Corporation” компаниясидаги молиявий режалаштириш усуллари солиштирма тарзда кўрсатилган. Муаллиф томонидан режалаштиришни такомиллаштириш бўйича аниқ амалий таклифлар берилган.

Maqolada 15-16 yoshdagi yosh voleybolchilarda maxsus tanlangan mashqlar yordamida chaqqonlikni rivojlantirish usullari ko‘rib chiqilgan. 30 nafar sportchi ishtirokidagi pedagogik tajriba natijalari taqdim etilgan. Tadqiqotda chaqqonlikning turli komponentlarini rivojlantirishga qaratilgan test va mashqlardan foydalanildi. Natijalar tahlili maxsus mashqlarni joriy etish hisobiga epchillikni rivojlantirishda ijobiy dinamikani ko‘rsatdi.

Globallashuv va raqamli iqtisodiyot sharoitida aksiyadorlik jamiyatlarining raqobatbardoshligini ta’minlash va barqaror rivojlanishini ta’minlash uchun innovatsion faoliyatni samarali boshqarish muhim ahamiyat kasb etmoqda. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining 2017-2021 yillarda rivojlantirish bo‘yicha Harakatlar strategiyasida, shuningdek, 2022-2026 yillarga mo‘ljallangan Yangi O‘zbekiston taraqqiyot strategiyasida innovatsion faoliyatni rivojlantirish ustuvor vazifalardan biri sifatida belgilangan. Bu borada aksiyadorlik jamiyatlarida innovatsion faoliyatni boshqarishning strategik jihatlarini tadqiq etish muhim ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyatga ega.

Ushbu maqolada fazoda ortogonal proyeksiyaning nazariy asoslari, uning tasviriy geometriyada tutgan o‘rni va texnik sohalarda, xususan, muhandislik chizmachiligi, arxitektura va mexanika yo‘nalishlarida qo‘llanishi tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, amaliy misollar orqali ortogonal proyeksiyaning afzalliklari va amaliy foydasi yoritiladi.

This paper explores linguoculturology as a dynamic and interdisciplinary field within modern linguistics. Drawing from linguocognitive, linguocultural, psycholinguistic, and theolinguistic perspectives, the study emphasizes the interdependence between language and culture. Using a comparative analytical method, the paper examines conceptual structures and cultural semantics in English and Uzbek, highlighting both shared elements and unique cultural-linguistic phenomena. The aim is to propose innovative ways to integrate linguoculturological insights into pedagogy and intercultural communication.

This article explores the lives of women during wartime, particularly focusing on the period of World War II. It highlights the bravery, resilience, and humanitarian efforts of women in Uzbekistan, who played a crucial role on the home front. Despite the harsh conditions of war, Uzbek women demonstrated patriotism by supporting evacuated populations, caring for children and wounded soldiers, and actively contributing to industrial production. The article sheds light on the social and moral strength of women during one of the most challenging periods in history, presenting them as essential agents of survival and support in wartime society.

This article presents a conceptual and experimental framework for enhancing the artistic and creative competence of future teachers by applying an art-pedagogical approach. A digital platform was developed to enable autonomous artistic activity among students, and the original “3I” methodology was introduced. The paper also highlights the implementation of the textbook Artpedagogy as a fundamental resource for training pedagogical students. The results of experimental testing indicate a significant increase in students' aesthetic perception, creative thinking, and project-based initiative.

В статье анализируются методические подходы к преподаванию изобразительного искусства в 5-7 классах на основе принципов поэтапного обучения. С учетом возрастных особенностей учащихся предлагаются инновационные методы развития их творческих способностей, формирования воображения и наблюдательности, повышения изобразительной грамотности в образовательном процессе. В статье дается подробный анализ научной литературы, практические рекомендации и методы, которые могут быть использованы на уроках.

The article deals with the concept and content of foreign language professional competence of university teachers. There is said that foreign language training specialists should be considered as the goal of further professional activity. Because one of the important tasks of teaching a professional foreign language is the formation of specialized competence in the areas of professional and situational communication, mastering new professional information through foreign sources.

Ushbu maqolada o’simliklarning inson hayoti va sog‘lig‘iga ta’sir etuvchi ikki xil xususiyatlari — zararli va shifobaxsh jihatlari o‘rganiladi. O’simliklarning ayrim turlari toksik moddalar tarkibiga ega bo‘lib, ular inson va hayvonlar uchun zararli bo‘lishi mumkin. Shu bilan birga, ko‘plab o’simliklar dorivor xususiyatlarga ega bo‘lib, turli kasalliklarni davolashda va profilaktikasi uchun keng qo‘llaniladi. Maqola o’simliklarning bu ikki tomonlama ta’sirini ilmiy asosda tahlil qilib, ularni ongli ravishda ishlatish zaruriyatini ta’kidlaydi.

Tariyx oqıtıw metodikası páni studentlerdi tariyx pánlerin nátiyjeli oqıtıwdıń tiykarǵı principleri, nátiyjeli forma, metod, qural hám texnologiyaları menen tanıstırıw arqalı pedagogikalıq proceske tayarlaw hám olarda kásiplik kompetentlik sıpatların tárbiyalaw maqsetin ańlatadı. Usı maqset tiykarında belgili bir bilimlendiriw wazıypaları belgilep alınadı. Olar tómendegishe: tariyx sabaqlarınıń qızıqlı, nátiyjeli bolıwı ushın innovaciyalıq forma, metod, qural hám texnologiyalardı anıqlaw, sabaqtıń teması, xarakteri, studentlerdiń oqıw-biliw aktivligi dárejesi, kishi toparlarda islew tájiriybesine súyengen halda oqıw materialların tańlaw, analiz hám sintez tiykarında oqıw materialların bayıtıw, bar oqıw materiallarına tayanǵan halda metodikalıq támiynattı qáliplestiriw, qáliplestirilgen metodikalıq támiynat járdeminde sabaqlardıń sapalı bolıwına erisiw, studentlerde kásiplik kompetentlik sıpatların rawajlandırıw, ózlestiriw dárejesin diagnozlaw hám bahalaw.