Том 2 № 9 (2024)

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

This article explores the comparison between traditional and modern approaches in English language teaching (ELT). It provides a comprehensive analysis of grammar-translation, direct, and audiolingual methods from traditional ELT, contrasted with communicative language teaching (CLT), task-based learning (TBL), and content-based instruction (CBI) from modern approaches. The discussion focuses on how each methodology meets the needs of learners in different contexts, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each approach.

The mother tongue education standard determines the mandatory volume of educational content determined by social demand in the mother tongue, as well as the volume of the educational load selected taking into account the age and level of development, needs and capabilities of students, and the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of graduates of general secondary schools.

O‘zbek frazeologiyasining asosiy muammolarini ilmiy jihatdan o‘rganish ishlari boshlanganiga qirq yildan oshdi. 50-yillargacha frazeologiya hali o‘zbek tilshunosligi taribida mustaqil soha sifatida shakllanib etmagan edi. Bu davrda frazeologiyaga doir dastlabki ma’lumotlar, turg‘un birikmalarga oid ilk nazariy fikrlar grammatika va stilistikaga, ayrim o‘zbek shoirlari, yozuvchilarining  badiiy mahorati tadqiqiga bag‘ishlangan ishlarda ko‘zga tashlanadi.

Frazeologizmlar asosan shaxs tushunchasi bilan bog‘liq bo‘lib, shaxsning u yoki bu tarzdagi tasavvurlari, hatti-harakatlari, fiziologik hamda psixik holatlarini ifodalaydi. Shuningdek, frazeologizmlar hayvonlar obrazini gavdalantirish va muayyan kasb-korga bog‘liqligi jihatidan ham shakllanadi.

The epidemiological situation of brucellosis in Uzbekistan is concerning due to ongoing epizootics among cattle, the main source of infection for humans. Brucellosis remains a prevalent zoonotic disease, with urogenital manifestations in both men and women. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in women of childbearing age in the Kashkadarya region. Medical records of 110 women with brucellosis treated at the Kashkadarya Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital in 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The highest morbidity rates were observed in certain districts, with a peak in May-June. The predominant transmission route was through direct contact, followed by ingestion. Acute brucellosis was characterized by fever, joint pain, and positive serological tests, while the subacute form presented with musculoskeletal symptoms. Chronic brucellosis patients exhibited asthenic and articular syndromes, along with reproductive organ involvement. This study provides valuable insights into the epidemiology and clinical presentation of brucellosis in women in the Kashkadarya region, highlighting the importance of effective prevention and control strategies.

In the article determined the increasing of quota of criatinin total quality of extra term nitrogen. Index of creatin (9,1) shows to presence of protein energetic insufficiency in sportsmen. That is the base of optimization of norm of nutrition of the given group of sportsmen

В опытах на животных проведена гигиеническая оценка безопасности применения двух видов биологически активных добавок (БАД) к пище - «Биогем» (Болгария) и «Биоферрон» (Узбекистан), предназначенных для профессиональных спортсменов Республики Узбекистан. Выявлено, что БАД - «Биогем» безопасен и может быть рекомендован для обогащения питания спортсменов. При использовании БАД «Биоферрон» в дозе более 1100 мг/кг массы тела крысы нарушается функциональное состояние печени, и связи с чем рецептура этой БАД нуждается в доработке.

Ushbu maqolada raqamli iqtisodiyotning rivojlanishi natijasida tijorat banklarining masofaviy bank xizmatlarini takomillashtirish jarayoni o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqotda O‘zbekiston tijorat banklarining raqamli xizmatlardan foydalanish holati, texnologik infratuzilma darajasi va xavfsizlik bilan bog‘liq muammolar tahlil qilindi. 2022-yilda tijorat banklari orqali amalga oshirilgan masofaviy bank operatsiyalari hajmi 28% ga o‘sib, umumiy hajm 12 trillion so‘mni tashkil etdi. So‘rovnomalar va intervyular natijalariga ko‘ra, mijozlarning 71% raqamli xizmatlarni qulay deb hisoblaydi, ammo 23% xavfsizlik muammolarini to‘siq sifatida ko‘rsatdi. Natijalar asosida tijorat banklarining texnologik infratuzilmasini modernizatsiya qilish, kiberxavfsizlikni mustahkamlash va raqamli savodxonlikni oshirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar ishlab chiqildi. Tadqiqot tijorat banklarida masofaviy xizmatlarni takomillashtirish va raqamli iqtisodiyotning rivojlanishiga ijobiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi.

В статье одна из языковых единиц нашего языка посвящена событию употребления атрибутивные компоненты синонимов в художественном языке. В художественных произведениях приводятся некоторые подробности, касающиеся особенностей значения слова в употреблении.

Maqolada Janubiy Orol dengizi atrofida tabiyatga va atrof muxitga antropogenik ta’sir etish – bu atrof-muxitga keskin ekologik o’zgarishlarni va katastrofik achinarli  holatninig yuzaga  keltirilganligi, Orol ekologik muammosi hoziri davrninig regiyonal muammosiga aylanganligi  so’z etiladi.

Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta'lim tashkilotlarida tarbiyalanuvchilar nutqini rivojlantirishda soft (yumshoq) ko‘nikmalarni shakllantirish texnologiyasining samaradorligi o‘rganildi. 2022-2023 yillarda Toshkent, Samarqand va Buxoro viloyatlaridagi 10 ta maktabgacha ta'lim muassasalarida 500 nafar 3-6 yoshli bolalar ishtirokida tadqiqot o‘tkazildi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, soft ko‘nikmalarni rivojlantirish texnologiyalaridan foydalangan bolalar orasida nutq ko‘nikmalarining rivojlanishi 25-30% ga yaxshilandi. Dastlabki natijalarga ko‘ra, bolalarning 40% nutq rivojlanishi sust bo‘lgan bo‘lsa, texnologiyalar joriy etilganidan so‘ng bu ko‘rsatkich 15% ga tushdi.

В статье рассматривается творчество Жюля Верна через призму исследования неизведанных территорий, таких как океаны, космос и недра Земли. Произведения Верна, такие как «Двадцать тысяч лье под водой», «Путешествие к центру Земли» и «Вокруг Луны», отражают не только захватывающие приключения, но и философские размышления о природе науки, человеческом стремлении к познанию и ответственности за использование технологий. Верн предвосхитил многие научные открытия и оказал значительное влияние на развитие научной фантастики и реальных научных исследований.

Ushbu tadqiqotning maqsadi optik tola yordamida beton namunalarini olish va uni oddiy beton bilan solishtirishdir. Beton namunalari turli xil sinovlardan o'tkazildi (bosim kuchi, yorug'lik o'tkazuvchanligi). Shaffof beton namunalari uchun olingan bosim kuchi natijalari oddiy beton namunalari uchun olingan natijalar bilan taxminan bir xil. Shunday qilib, beton konstruksiyalarining shaffofligi zamonaviy arxitekturada yangi yutuqlarga erishish imkonini beruvchi optik tolalarni kiritish bilan joriy etilishi mumkin.

Colour has always been of great importance in the life of a person. We cannot imagine the life without colour. This article aims at comparing phraseological units which contain elements of colour designation in English and Karakalpak languages. Emphasis is done on the analysis of theoretical data on the subject; determining the role and meaning of phraseological units in the English language. The author has considered colour as a component of the cultural connotation of phraseological units, has classified and disclosed the meaning of phraseological units with a colour designation component. This article includes some examples of English phraseological units which have equivalents in Karakalpak language.

Bul maqalada kompyuterdiń islewi ushın zárúr programmalar hám  UNIX, MS DOS, PS DOS, DRD DOS, OS/2, WARP, WINDOWS, MACINTOCH sıyaqlı operacion sistemalar analiz etilgen bolıp, pikir hám usınıslar ilimiy dálillengen.

Xor ijrochiligi hozirgi kunda keng tarqalgan asl xalq san’ati turlaridan biridir. Jamoa ijrochiligi insonlarda chuqur estetik zavq uygʻotibgina qolmay, ularni jipslashtiradi, jamoa boʻlib birlashishga olib keladi hamda ma’naviy saviyasini, badiiy didini oʻstirishga yordam beradi. Ushbu maqolada Markaziy Osiyo davlatlarida xor San’atining rivojlanish bosqichlari tahlil qilingan boʻlib, fikr va takliflar ilmiy asoslangan.

Maqollar tuzilishiga ko’ra, bir va bir nеcha sintaktik butunliklar asosida tashkil topgandir. Bir sintaktik butunlikdan iborat maqollar, odatda bir qismli maqollar sanalib, ko’pincha darak gap yo’sinida bo’ladi. Aynan shu tomonlari bilan o’zbek va ingliz xalq maqollari juda o’xshashdir.

This study explores the use of gamification in education, focusing on its impact on motivation, engagement, and cognitive development, particularly in language learning. By integrating game elements such as rewards, challenges, and competition into educational settings, gamification enhances both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The article reviews the benefits of gamified learning, including improved memory retention and problem-solving skills, while also addressing criticisms about over-reliance on extrinsic rewards. The findings contribute to the growing body of literature on effective pedagogical strategies for modern education.

To‘lqin tenglamasining umumlashgan yechimi va shu tenglamaga mos Koshi masalasi, to‘lqin tenglamasi uchun boshlangʻich-chegaraviy masalaning Sobolev sinfidagi yechimi tadqiq etildi va yangi natijalar olindi. Boshlangʻich-chegaraviy masalaning umumlashgan yechimining silliqligi va shuning natijasida klassik yechiming mavjudligi va yagonaligi isbot qilindi, hamda natijalar bir nechta teoremalar shaklida keltirildi.

Ta’lim innovatsiyalari – ta’lim sohasi yoki o‘quv jarayonida mavjud muammoni yangicha yondashuv asosida echish maqsadida qo‘llanilib, avvalgidan ancha samarali natijani kafolatlay oladigan shakl, metod va texnologiyalar.

Der Satz ist als eine kommunikative Einheit durch seine aktuell-kommunikatuive Gliederung gekennzeichnet. Eine Mitteilungseinheit und die kommunikative Struktur des Satzes fällt mit seiner konstituenten Struktur.

Bugungi zamonaviy sharoitda o’quvchilar jismoniy tarbiyasining dolzarbligi shubhasizdir, chunki jismoniy tarbiya va sport shaxsning jismoniy salomatligini optimallashtirishga, uning aqliy xususiyatlari bilan birlikda rivojlanishiga olib keladi. Ushbu maqolada o’quvchilarni tarbiyalashning kompleks pedagogik vositasi sifatida jismoniy tarbiya darslari jarayonida umumiy rivojlantiruvchi mashqlar majmualaridan foydalanish asoslangan. Muallif tomonidan taqdim etilgan xulosa va tavsiyalarni maktab o’quvchilari bilan jismoniy tarbiya darslarida hisobga olish taklif etiladi.

Kimyoviy toza nitrobеnzol rangsiz moysimon suyuqliq. Tozalanmagan, tеxnik nitrobеnzol esa sariq moysimon modda, 211°C da qaynaydi, achchiq bodom mag’izi hidini eslatuvchi o’tkir hidga ega. Organik erituvchilar bilan har qanday nisbatda aralashadi, suvda erimaydi. Solishtirma og’irligi 1,2034 ga tеng. Toksikologik ahamiyati. Nitrobеnzol anilin olishda asosiy xom ashyo xisoblanadi. Nitrobеnzol sovun va parfyumеriya mahsulotlari olish va mudofaa maqsadlarida ham qo’llanadi. Nitrobеnzol poyafzallarni moylashda ishlatiladigan krеmlarni eritishda yaxshi organik erituvchi hisoblanadi. Undan nafas yo’llari orqali yoki ichilganda zaharlanish mumkin. Zaharlanish ro’y bеrganda qondagi oksigеmoglobin o’rniga mеtgеmoglobin hosil bo’ladi, qon tanachalari еmirila boshlaydi. Nitrobеnzolning qondagi kontsеntratsiyasi yuqori bo’lganda nеrv hujayralariga kuchli salbiy ta'sir ko’rsatadi.

Bugun komil insonni tarbiyalash masalasi har qachongidan ham dolzarbligi ortib bormoqda. Bunday ma’sulyatli va faxrli ishni amalga oshiruvchi pedagogning o’zi-o’zini rivojlantirishda refleksiyaning o’rni muhimdir.

Ushbu maqolada ta’limda axborot savodxonligi tushunchasi o‘rganiladi va ta’lim sohasida axborot savodxonligini oshirishdagi roli yoritilib, axborot savodxonligini ta’lim o‘quv dasturiga integratsiyalash strategiyalari hamda ushbu jarayonda yuzaga keladigan muammolar va yechimlar ko‘rib chiqiladi.

Maqolada Alpomish dostoni haqida nazariy ma’lumotlar va til jihatidan tahliliy misollar berilgan. Ushbu dostonda ishlatilgan dialektizmga oid so‘zlarning hozirgi o‘zbek adabiy tilidagi muqobillari berilgan. Alpomish dostonida o‘zbek millatiga xos eng yuksak ma’naviy-axloqiy sifatlar, ayniqsa millatdoshlarimizdagi so‘zga chechanlik, mohirlik bilan so‘z qo‘llash san’ati, topqirlik qobilyati kabilar misollarda ham keltirilgan.

This research paper explores the characteristics, challenges, and professional development needs of novice English language teachers, with a focus on their growth trajectory and the support required for their professional development. It discusses the unique experiences of novice teachers, such as their high enthusiasm, receptiveness to feedback, and the need for validation from experienced colleagues. Key challenges faced by novice teachers include classroom management, adapting to diverse student needs, and balancing multiple responsibilities. The paper emphasizes the role of effective induction programs, tailored professional development, and mentoring relationships as critical support mechanisms for novice teachers. Additionally, the study delves into the context of Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in Uzbekistan, highlighting the historical and structural challenges faced by English teachers and the impact of programs like the DUET initiative.

Turkiya aholisi ko'p asrlik tarixga ega boy madaniy merosga ega bo'lib, bu meros milliy qadriyatlari, urf-odatlari va marosimlarida yaqqol aks etadi. Turkiya jamiyatida oilaning o‘rni katta ahamiyatga ega. Oilaviy qadriyatlar, ayniqsa, diniy va madaniy an'analar bilan mustahkamlanib kelgan. Quyidagi maqolada batafsil bu haqida fikr yuritiladi.

Mazkur maqolada yoshlar tarbiyasining rivojlanishida  qoraqalpoq milliy urf-odatlarining tasiri to‘g‘risida so‘z yuritilgan