The article deals with one of the important issues of modern language policy in Germany where the language and cultural integration of children from families of migrants and refugees are developed. Cultural integration will also be affected. Knowledge of German and possibilities of integration are in direct connection. In view of the migration crisis of 2015–2016, when about 1,139 million refugees arrived in Germany, this issue has become particularly relevant. A large number of refugees are also able to distort the real native German language. So the observations can be noted, that the indigenous Germans began to imitate their "brothers" from the Middle East. Young people in Germany, particularly Germans, tend to copy the accent of refugees, and the same refugees with great effort to copy the accent of the Germans. In addition to linguistic differences, there are differences in culture and religion. The specificity of cultures makes itself felt. The German government faces new problems affecting new spheres of life. The large influx of refugees undermines the country's economic, cultural and political stability. The main dissatisfaction is that the Germans increased the rate of income tax to provide refugees with all the necessary attributes for a comfortable stay in their country. At the same time, another problematic issue of the well-being of the Germans is the spread of the Islamic religion. Today in the information "ocean" there are many examples of how Islam is exposed under the wrong angle. This has a rather negative impact on the successful integration of refugees in new country. Language integration of adults and children who arrived in the country with their parents for permanent residence becomes a task of national scale. The concentration of attention in solving such disputes is explained by the fact that in a multinational country like Germany it is difficult to get along with several people at once. The article discusses the degree of effectiveness of solving the problem of language policy by the government of Germany in the post-crisis period.
Identify the role of function words in Uzbek language system, relation to content words, sources of enrichment and methods, historical and evolutionary development and determination of functional-stylistic and substantial-pragmatic features in speech. The aim of the papers is to define the status of the Uzbek language function words in the linguistic system, and to reveal their source and methods of enrichment, historical and evolutionary development, as well as functional-stylistic and substantial-pragmatic features.
Phraseology is the figurative type of fixed expressions that shows the linguist's perceptions about the world and events in a particular way. Phraseological expressions always reflect the worldview of people, the social structure and ideology of their time. As F. Buslayev argues, phraseology is like a peculiar small world with short, wise expressions of moral rules and truths inherited by ancestors. Phraseological units are translated from one language to another in four ways. First, the translator can make use of a target language phraseological unit which is identical to the source language phraseological unit in all five aspects of its semantics. Second, the source language phraseological unit can be translated by a target language phraseological unit which has the same figurative meaning, preserves the same emotive and stylistic characteristics but is based on a different image, that is, has a different literal meaning. Third, the source language phraseological unit can be translated by reproducing its form word-for-word in target language. Fourth, instead of translating the source language phraseological unit, the translator may try to explicate its figurative meaning, so as to preserve at least the main element of its semantics. Phraseological units do not allow for word-for-word translation: they require searching for the phraseological equivalent of another language, because the phraseology unit comes with an emotional meaning and stylistic expression. The article analyzed the use of four ways of translation of phraseological units from one language to another using examples from the book “Anthology of Modern Korean Prose”. The similarities between the phrases in different languages are often explained by the commonality of the living conditions, customs, and logical considerations of those peoples. Consequently, the Korean and Uzbek language, coming from one language family, share common mentality, and have some similarity in living conditions. Thus, it has contributed to the formation of many common phrases in their words. Such common phrases, which are equivalent in translation, are almost certainly not a problem. It is natural for every linguistic community to represent the world in a particular way. From this point of view, phrases in a particular linguistic community may not be culturally specific, have no equivalent or alternative in another language. In this case, a descriptive translation or a calque is used.
This article discusses the use of exercises and assignments through the scaffolding method in the development of communication types in English. Learning English language should take place in parallel with the discovery of new cultural realities, a new linguistic environment. English language is not just a set of new words and rules; it is a new world that allows you to master the language. In addition, it takes time for the study of the language to take place in this direction.
The linguistic systems are involved in language contact situations, it is supposed toanalyze of lexical, morphological and syntactic borrowings which are acceptance of linguistic elements from one language to another
The paper examines linguacultural characteristics of English and Uzbek fairytales. The relevance of the study is determined by great interest of linguistic science to the issues of national and cultural specificity of folk texts, which is caused by peculiarities of historical development, beliefs, traditions and customs of people. The objective of the study is to reveal traditional and cultural characteristics of the English and Uzbek tales by means of their linguacultural analysis which is based on the plots of the similar fairytales in two languages. This paper is divided into two sections. The first section examines linguacultural features of the literary tales in two languages. They are characterised by the variety of lexical and stylistic means and a diversity of characters and plots. The second section gives an overview of differences and similarities of fairytales of two different western and eastern cultures. The results of the investigation can be effectively used for a further profound comparative analysis of sociolinguistic and linguacultural features of English and Uzbek tales.
Subjects of research: words, word combinations and phraseological units expressing functional-semantic field of affection (FSFA) in the English and Uzbek languages.
Purpose of work: to analyze semantic, lingua-cognitive, sociolinguistic, lingua-cultural and gender peculiarities of linguistic means expressing FSFA in the English and Uzbek languages and to reveal their similarities and differences in the English and Uzbek languages.
Methods of research: the method of componcntial analysis, the method of pragmatic analysis, the comparative-typological method, statistical method and experimental method.
The results obtained and their novelty arc determined in the following eases: FSFA in the English and Uzbek Languages is investigated in monographic way; the term affection and its attitude towards the other linguistic terms is determined: semantic component of affection is determined in the English and Uzbek languages; affection is revealed in phonetic, morphological, lexical, syntactical language levels and stylistic and phraseological means; the significance of the intensive means of affection are defined; FSFA is classified according to sociolinguistic peculiarities in the English and Uzbek languages; affection is analyzed according to the addressee it is referred to; etymological features of affection arc revealed; the gender peculiarities of FSFA are discovered; national and cultural sememe of affection is determined, national and cultural peculiarities of FSFA arc analyzed, its general and national peculiarities arc revealed.
Practical value: the results of investigation can be used in delivering the course of Lexicology, Stylistics, Linguaculturology, the Theory of translation and as well as in writing the graduation-qualification papers of master course students, and in compiling explanatory and translation dictionaries.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: the results of the investigation have been implemented into the practice at the courses of the Practical Translation, Stylistics, Linguaculturology for the students of the translation theory and practice department of the translation faculty in the Uzbek State World Languages University.
Field of application: General Linguistics, Comparative Typology of English and Uzbek, the Theory and Practice of Translation, Cultural Studies, Stylistics, Phonetics, Grammar.
Turning to any linguistic research, modern scientists increasingly emphasize the need to analyze the phenomenon from the point of view of an integrated interdisciplinary approach to obtain the maximum objectivity of the result. It is important to take into account the maximum linguistic and relevant non-linguistic knowledge, because of which the related disciplines of linguoculturology and others appear. The person, the individual, has a priority, central position as the basis for creating speech, conceptualizing information about the surrounding world, and translating this knowledge into dialectics.
The article analyzes gender linguistics and its units, which are among the modern ways of linguistics, enlightened of the gender linguistic aspects of SalohiddinTashkendi's work "Temurnoma".
The article examines the linguistic personality of the translator, his knowledge, skills, and competence in the implementation of interpretation in the framework of intercultural communication, in which he is a participant and in which he takes an active position, acting as a mediator between representatives of different languages and cultures.
In this article, the development of gender linguistics as a branch and direction of modern linguistics is discussed. Apart from that, the historical development of linguistic research on gender aspects, particularly in the investigation of phraseological units, and the analysis of scholars' scientific views on the same issue have been scrutinized.
This article examines a new field of comparative linguistics and cultural studies, its scope, objects, goals and objectives. This direction arose between linguoculturology and comparative linguistics, which compares language and culture through the prism of the native language. The basic principles of comparative studies and various approaches to analysis - contrastive and comparative - are defined. It is emphasized that comparative linguistics and cultural studies are applied aspects of linguoculturology that have good prospects for development. Development of the foundations of a new branch of knowledge - linguoculturology, which arose at the intersection of linguistics and cultural studies and explores the manifestations of the culture of the people, which are reflected and entrenched in the language. It is shown how culture forms and organizes the thinking of a linguistic personality, linguistic categories and concepts, how one of the fundamental functions of language is carried out - to be an instrument for the creation, development, storage and transmission of culture. Linguistics of the 21st century actively develops a direction in which the language is considered as the cultural code of the nation, and not just a tool of communication and knowledge. The fundamental foundations of this approach were laid by the works of W. Humboldt, A.A. Potebny and other scientists. For example, W. Humboldt argued: "The boundaries of the language of my nation mean the boundaries of my worldview."
The emergence of the three concepts of women's literature - feminism - gynocriticism (as well as gender linguistics in some sources) is characteristic of one era, and their linguistic diagnoses serve to form general principles in science. Also, in the 19th century, not only female writers, and female literary critics, but also individual translators engaged in the translation of feminist works appeared in historical facts. Penetration of the phenomenon of gynocriticism into all fields of science led to the formation of new terms in linguistics. In 1970, Elaine Showalter coined the term "gynocriticism" in relation to women's prose and laid the groundwork for the emergence of a biological, linguistic, psychoanalytic, and cultural model of gynocritical analysis.
The essence of this article is about the importance of the English language and its role in the world today and the easy ways to learn English. In this article you can learn all the features of the English language, as well as find out why it is so in demand. History of the emergence and development of a foreign language, to understand the role of English in the modern world, first of all, it is necessary to know the history of its creation.
In this work, we try to show the meaning, national culture in chinese and connotative vocabulary without equivalent Connotation is an additional evaluative, emotional and expressive component of the content, which expresses the main meaning of the word, which gives the word semantically, stylistically, additional meanings, more expressive, expressive and expressive. The study of the linguistic functions of the connotation confirms that it is of a national, social, cultural nature, reflects the linguistic consciousness of the speakers of the language, and that such a connotation is incomprehensible to members of other nationalities.