It is observed that the development of the genre in the Turkish narrative of the republican period took place on the basis of folk literature and language, as well as the traditions of world literature. The genre of the story has shrunk in form, socialized in content, and diversified according to the system of images. In the narrators’ ways of artistic interpretation of reality, observation, nationalism, sociality, and philosophy were manifested in a common state. It was a testament to true innovation in Turkish storytelling. This article examines the peculiarities of modern Turkish storytelling of the 1940s, as well as the work of the great writer of the period Orkhan Kamal. It is obvious that the Turkish stories created in the 30s and 40s of the 20th century vividly depicted the pure feelings in the hearts of the helpless people who lived in the dark days of the past, and resolutely renewed the traditions of historical literature. Such updates in the literature of the period are of special importance in the work of Orkhan Kamal. Kamal is one of the great representatives of Turkish literature and is known to the world for a number of stories and novels. In his stories, the image of ordinary workers is of special importance. Orkhan Kamal's stories are full of children's heroes and fragments of their lives. The main part of this type of child images is worker children. The article also analyzes the author's stories, such as "Sleep", "Strange Child", "First Bread" with the participation of children's heroes. Also, the stories of O.Kamal from the life of women are unique. The fate of women who involuntarily go astray, teenage girls looking for ways to escape poverty through song and dance, maids in rich families, young girls deceived by the love trade determine the content of the author's stories on this topic. The article also emphasizes the author’s stories on the subject.
The article discusses the essence of assessments and deontic logic, the role of assessments and norms in the formation of public opinion, their use in the communicative processes of society.
The article is about the creativity of poets who lived in the 17–18th centuries, such as Ja’far, Jatalli, Atal, Afzal, Kamal Khan Rustami, Mirzo Muhammad Mukimi and others.
This article presents a clinical case of a patient diagnosed with right-sided breast cancer T3N1M0, a condition after 6 courses of NPCP. Simultaneous radical subcutaneous mastectomy (PME) was performed with reconstruction by moving the TRAM flap. The following are the stages of the operation of simultaneous plastic surgery with the reconstruction of the TRAM flap in a schematic form and the results of this operation.
Objects of research: 447 patients, from them 68 with chronic purulent middle otitis and 379 with dry meso- and cpitympanitis.
Purpose of research: to estimate efficiency and forecasting of results of various variants of tympanoplasty.
Methods of research: common clinical investigation, voice-frequency threshold and over threshold audiometry, research of hearing in low and expanded range of frequencies, speech audiometry, ultrasound research of hearing, rontgenography of mastoid, computer tomography, otomicroscopy.
Received results and their novelty: at chronic purulent middle otitis it is proved carrying out two stage tympanoplasty - as the first stage reconstructive-sanity operations - atticoantrotomy on to the “closed” type with mastoidoplasty, and as the second stage hear improving operations. The way of laying of a transplant is developed and introduced as the “romashki”, raising efficiency of engraftment and functional results. Efficiency is revealed at carrying out myringoplasty and tympanoplasty on a “dry” car. Developed forecasting criteria, based on the objective data for planned operations.
Practical value: developed the ways of reconstructive-plastic and hear improving operations, estimation of their efficiency and forecasting expected result at patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of middle car.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: results and conclusions of research arc introduced into practice in ENT-dcpartmcnts and polyclinics, in educational process of Tashkent medical academy.
Field of application: otorhinolaryngology.
The article deals with the content of reforms holding in the country on democratization of state authority and management. The author reveals the place of fractions in interrelations of parliament and government, significance of parliamentary control over the activity of the government and worked out some proposals on improvement of legal system connected with participation of political parties in formation of government of the republic.
The article deals with the order and forms of participation of party fractions in the parliamentary hearings as well as execution of parliamentary investigations and some proposals and recommendations on improvement of legislation in the mentioned sphere are grounded.
This article analyzes the works of the talented writer of Afghan storytelling, Rahnavard Zaryab, in particular, his stories such as “Photography Teacher”. Unlike traditional Afghan writers, the author is interested in a description of the processes taking place in the human heart. He tries to express an inner psychological attitude towards reality rather than incident is a priority. A number of the author's stories are characterized by a desire to uncover such aspects of the human psyche. At the same time, the author enriches the narrative with a variety of scenes, depicting the processes taking place in the spirit of the hero. In order to broaden the story, the story was compared with the story of Uzbek writer Nazar Eshanqul's “The man who led the monkey”.
Article is devoted to the legal nature and features of adoption and represents the review of the working family legislation on this question, and also offers recommendations on application of the legislation on adoption. In given article it is analyzed theoretical opinions of national scientists, and also scientific foreign countries concerning the legal nature and features of adoption. In article the legal nature and features of adoption is considered, analyzed distinctive features parental relations and adoptions, connecting the the points of view with theoretical and practical sights of scientists the author represents the points of view on these questions.
This article describes the process of reshuffling women's rights and granting rights to women after the creation of a republican system in Turkey in the early 20th century. There has been given a model of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk «Anatoly аyoli».
This article is written about one of the main tasks facing the new Uzbekistan – the development of the youth of our country in all aspects, the importance of spiritual, educational, and moral education in educating them in the spirit of patriotism, involvement and work carried out in this regard. The article is based on the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On State Policy towards Youth”, the New Development Strategy of Uzbekistan and the Message to the Oliy Majlis of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev. The article deals with such issues as raising physically healthy, spiritually and intellectually developed young people, thinking independently, with a firm outlook on life, devoted to the Motherland, deepening democratic reforms and increasing their social activity in the process of developing civil society. These processes are shown on the example of the work carried out at the Tashkent pediatric medical institute.
In the Sufi historiography of Central Asia, most of the problems are studied in the context of the teachings of Naqshbandiya and Yassaviya orders. According to the history and historiography of these two teachings of spiritual improvement, the works of both foreign and local researchers can be shown. However, we cannot say that these reflections have left a strong sense in the socio-spiritual life of the region like other teachings, including the Kubraviya order. For example, there are very few scientific works that give analytical conclusions and summarize the scientific views on the personality and spiritual heritage of Najmiddin Kubra’s famous followers as Sayfiddin Bokharzi (1190-1262), Kamal Zhandi (672/1273) and Husayn Khorezmi (836/1433) who played an important role in the dissemination of this discipline in the region. Considering this aspect of the problem in the present article, we tried to carry out a historiographical analysis of the particular problems associated with the personality of Sayfiddin Bokharzi. The study of the identity of the Bokharzy also continues after independence. It would not be an exaggeration if we say that conducting an analysis after in-depth study of it and free examination on the basis of documents, analysis as one of the followers of Sufism, is a requirement of the present. This person is known to many local specialists by O.D.Chekhovic's researches, which devoted to waqf properties in Bukhara. Today, Sayfiddin Bokharzi, whose grave is in Bukhara, is remembered in Uzbekistan as a representative of Sufism, a religious leader who owns pious endowments in the past. Is it really so? What else do we know about Sayfiddin Bokharzi and his activities? This article is devoted especially to the disclosure of Sayfiddin Bokharzi’s relation with the his preceptor Najmiddin Kubro, the personal life, generations and disciples of Sayfiddin Bokharzi, the relations of Bokharzi with the Berka Khan the ruler of Golden Horde and his written heritage in the base of published works of foreign researchers. We hope that in the future wide attention will be paid to the personality of Bokharzy, and his bright personality and spiritual legacy will receive wide recognition.
The article analyzes the scientific foundations of sustainable development of hotels using consulting services, considers ways to increase the number of guests in hotels in the off-season, during a pandemic, shows ways to achieve financial sustainability through the introduction of additional services.
The article is about the creativity of poets who lived in Golkonda in the XV–XVIIth centuries during the reign of the Kutubshah dynasty, such as Muhammad Kuli Kutubshah, and Sultan Ibrahim, his sons – Muhammad and Abdullah and their kulliyats, Muhammad Mazharuddin ibn Nishatiy, about his masnavi "Irshadnama", "Sukh Sahela", as well as poets such as Aminuddin Ala, Kamal Khan Rustami, Mirzo Muhammad Mukimi and others.
This article analyzes the scientific basis for the development of information and consulting services, explores the role of consulting services in tourism, as well as offers to open a unitary enterprise, the introduction of Internet consulting services and improve training to implement it in the tourism business of Uzbekistan.
The head of state has brought up the question about personnel policy and their spiritual and political education of administrative shots since the first Days of Independence. This question has been lifted on the level of a state policy in Uzbekistan. The improvement and growth of political activity of administrative shots is connected with some objective and subjective influences in Uzbekistan. Democratization is difficult and complex process, and in this case it is required studying historical, political activity and to analyze specific regularities of young administrative shots.
In this article, the author, based on an analysis of a number of sources, tried to reveal the education system of Turkey and Iran, its historical stages of development and features based on a comparative analysis of various sources. The author tried to objectively analyze the reforms and modernization of the education system in Turkey and Iran in the twentieth century, mainly using foreign sources. While the main changes in Turkey were associated with the advent of Mustafa Kemal after the 1920s, the emergence of such a European educational system in the life of the Iranian state was associated with the ascension of the Pahlavi dynasty to the throne in 1925. The article mainly compares two periods: 1920–30 and 1960–70. The reason is that it was during this period that great changes took place in the political, social, economic life and educational process of these two countries. An attempt was made to identify and show the results obtained using comparative tables. It also analyzes the education system, its reforms, the relationship between religion and the state, the alphabet, exact sciences and the implementation of the European educational process. Conclusions were made by analyzing the results of the reforms. The features of the education system in Turkey and Iran were identified and compared. In both countries, efforts were made to explain the changes after the Second World War, the Islamization of the education system and its impact on the quality of education. In conclusion, the results obtained as a result of the analysis were systematized and sorted. When writing an article, the author sought to develop and substantiate his conclusions using methods such as comparative analysis and the use of statistical data.
This article analyzes the priority directions of social development at the present stage based on proposals, initiatives and conceptual ideas put forward in the Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the Oliy Majlis in 2018. As noted in the article, the Strategy of Action on the five priority directions of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017–2021 contributes to the improvement of the strategic framework to ensure the vital needs and legitimate interests of the population and strengthen the foundations of a decent and comfortable life. In this regard, as noted in the article, the Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to Oliy Majlis on December 28, 2018, and the fact that 2019 was proclaimed the “Year of Active Investments and Social Development” became the logical continuation of the years of “Dialogue with the people and human interests”, “Support for active entrepreneurship, innovative ideas and technologies” in the country. It indicates that in the third stage of the reform strategy, the importance of social development as a priority of state policy increases. According to the author, increasing the economic potential of the country by attracting investment will inevitably lead to the development of social spheres. The article focuses on the development of the social sphere. The author reveals the essence of the concept of “social development”. As noted, “social development” is a change that contributes to the emergence of new social relations, institutions, norms and values in society. In this regard, features and criteria of social development are shown. The article outlines the main tasks for the further development of the social sphere in 2019, as defined in the Presidential Address. In particular, comments were given to initiatives and conceptual ideas for further improvement of science, modern and continuing education, further strengthening of state social support for young people, and the development of a national idea. The article widely describes the concept of “investment in human capital” and the article notes that investments in human capital include expenditures on health care, general and special education, employment, vocational training, raising children and others. The effectiveness of such investments is reflected in the pace of development of society in all areas. The article shows how the issues of modern education and upbringing of young people and their social support are important in the social development of the country. The article analyzes important practical steps taken to ensure that the sphere of education and training directly serves further human improvement.
Янги Ўзбекистон олдида турган асосий вазифалардан бири бўлган юртимиз ёшларини ҳар томонлама камол топиши, ватанпарварлик, дахлдорлик руҳида тарбиялашда маънавий-маърифий ва ахлоқий тарбия муҳим аҳамият касб этиши ҳамда бу борада амалга оширилаётган ишлар ҳақида ёзилган. Мақолада Ўзбекистон Республикасининг “Ёшларга оид давлат сиёсати тўғрисида” Қонуни, Президент Шавкат Мирзиёевнинг Янги Ўзбекистон тараққиёт стратегияси асари ва Олий Мажлисва Ўзбекистон халқига мурожаатномаси асос қилиб олинган. Мақолада ёшларни жисмонан соғлом, руҳий ва интеллектуал ривожланган, мустақил фикрлайдиган, қатъий ҳаётий нуқтаи-назарига эга, Ватанга содиқ ёшларни тарбиялаш, демократик ислоҳотларни чуқурлаштириш ва фуқаролик жамиятини ривожлантириш жараёнида уларнинг ижтимоий фаоллигини ошириш каби масалалар устида тўхталиб, бу жараёнлар Тошкент Педиатрия тиббиёт институтида амалга оширилаётган ишлар мисолида кўрсатилган.
This article based on the analysis of his third, little-known work of the Arabic historian and geographer of the 9th century al-Ya’qubi “Mushakalat an-nas li zamanihim” (The Adaptation of men to their time). It reveals new aspects of Al-Ya’qubi’s oeuvre. The treatise relatively recent work composed by al-Ya’qubi that has reached after two of his well-known works “Kitab al-buldan” (Book of countries). and "Kitab at-ta’rih (“Book of History”). In the article, this treatise is considered from a sociological perspective. Al-Ya’qubi, based on the thesis that all people in Muslim society followed their caliphs, imitated their conducts and behaviors, is trying to identify the causes of the degradation of Muslim society during the reign of Umayyads and early Abbasids. He considers that the main reason for the moral and spiritual decay of Muslim Society are the caliphs themselves. People imitated the customs of the caliphs followed their spiritual and moral orientation. Thus, the quality of Muslim society, according to al-Ya’qubi, directly depends on its leader. As far as the caliph, in its moral, ethical and spiritual qualities, corresponded to the image of the “Amir al-Mu’minin” – “Commander of the Faithful,” so did the members of society correspond to the image of the faithful Muslims. The treatise reveals new aspects of al-Ya’qubi’s worldview, his vision of a just, righteous Muslim society. Through the analysis of this treatise, a new side of al-Ya’kubi’s oeuvre is revealed - sociology. At first glance, an attempt by al-Ya’kubi to delve into the reasons for the development of Muslim society may seem primitive. However, al-Ya’qubi’s work, considering the development of Muslim society through the prism of “adaptation of men to their time”, could be believed the first example of a medieval Arabic work on sociology.It follows from the article that the thesis and examples of “the adaptation of men to their time” should be considered more deeply. The very division of the caliphs (rulers) of Islam into the categories of “caliphs” and “kings,” as can be seen from the author's introductory remarks to the treatise, says a lot. From the context of the treatise, it turns out that the author lists the first four righteous caliphs as “caliphs,” distinguishing among them Osman ibn Affan, who, according to his description, is deprived of the asceticism and modesty of the two previous caliphs Abu Bakr and Omar ibn al-Khattab. By “kings” of Islam, the author means the caliphs of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. Thus, the main plotline of the treatise is based on the opposition of a righteous Muslim society, led by the “caliph” to its “perverted” form (according to al-Ya'qubi) – the Muslim empire, the “caliphate”, under the authoritarian rule of the “kings” in the person of the caliphs – Umayyads and Abbasids.