Tug'ma glaukoma bilan og'rigan bolalarda ko'zning biomexanik ko'rsatkichlari uning turli bosqichlari bilan o'rganildi. Oddiy birlamchi tug'ma operatsiyasiz glaukoma bilan og'rigan 1 oydan 3 yoshgacha bo'lgan 20 bemor (40 ko'z) tekshirildi. Ulardan 1-guruhga (ilg'or bosqich) mos ravishda 7 (14 ko'z), 2-chi (ilg'or bosqich) - 8 (16 ko'z), 3-chi (terminal bosqich) 5 bemor (10 ko'z) kiradi. Tadqiqot usullari orasida visometriya, refraktometriya, oftalmoskopiya, optik diskni qazib olishni aniqlash, ko'zning old-orqa o'lchamini ro'yxatga olish bilan A-skanerlash, 5 g og'irlikdagi elastotonometriya; janubiy; 15d, shuningdek, Filatov-Kalf usuli bilan. Olingan ma'lumotlarning tahlili shuni ko'rsatdiki, elastokrivning ko'tarilish gradienti barcha guruhlarda qayd etilgan, ammo eng yuqori ko'rsatkich terminal bosqichi bo'lgan bolalar guruhida bo'lgan, ko'zning anteroposterior hajmi esa mos ravishda kattalashgan. kasallikning og'irligi bilan. Ko'z ichi bosimining oshishi kasallikning og'irligiga mutanosib ravishda qayd etilgan. Konjenital glaukomaning oddiy shakli rivojlanishi bilan ko'zning biomexanik ko'rsatkichlari bosqichlarga ko'ra ortadi. Shu bilan birga, tolali membrananing qattiqligining pasayishi ko'zning to'qimalarida morfologik o'zgarishlarni va glaukoma jarayonining zo'ravonligini ko'rsatadi.
The objective of this review was to study biomechanical parameters of the eye in children with different stages of congenital glaucoma. 20 patients (40 eyes) aged from 1 month to 3 years with simple primary congenital not operated glaucoma were examined. 7 patients (14 eyes) entered in the 1st group (developed stage), 8 patients (16 eyes) — the 2nd group (passed stage), 5 patients (10 eyes) — the 3rd group (end stage) respectively. Research methods included visiometry, refractometry, ophthalmoscopy, definition of the optic disc excavation, ultrasound А-scan of the anterior posterior size of the eye, Filatov’s — Kalfa elastotonometry with weights 5g, 10g, 15g.
The analysis of the data shows that gradient of the elastotonometry graphs elevation registered in all groups, but the highest was in group of children with terminal stage. Thus the anteroposterior size of the eye and intraocular pressure increase corresponding to disease severity. Biomechanical parameters of the eye increase according to the stages of a congenital glaucoma first form. The decrease of sclera rigidity shows morphological changes of the eye tissue and severity of glaucoma process.
The aim of the study was to study the possibility of using the electronic program for predicting the risk of occurrence and early detection of AMD developed by us. The program is used by 120 persons. 53 (44.2%) of them were diagnosed with "Macular Dystrophy", 27 (22.5%) - "Early stage of macular degeneration (AREDS category 2)", 22 (18.3%) - "Intermediate stage of macular degeneration (category 3) AREDS)", 18 (15%) - "Late stage of macular degeneration (category 4 AREDS) ".Thus, the electronic program we developed can be used as a method for predicting development, early detection of AMD and providing recommendations for further tactics.
Purpose of work w as the cliniko-functional assessment of efficiency of a preparation “CORTEXIN” in the complex treatment of a diabetic retinopathy at non proliferative and preproliferative stages. Under supervision there were 30 patients (60 eyes) aged from 40 till 81 years old, with a diabetic retinopathy at nonproliferative and preproliferative stages who were divided into 2 groups. The first group (main) - 15 people (30 eyes) in addition to traditional treatment took “CORTEXIN” preparation of 10 mg on 0,5ml parabulbarly 1 time within 10 days. The second group (control) — 15 people (30 eyes) underwent traditional therapy. There were 12 males (40%) and 18 females (60%). The efficacy of treatment was studied by methods of visiometry, ophthalmoscopy and perimetry. The examinations have been performed before and 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. During the carried out treatment in the main group of patients the improvement of visual acuity, field of vision and condition of retina w ith keeping the stable effect till 6 months was fixed. And ali this allows authors to recommend “CORTEXIN” application in the complex treatment of diabetic retinopathy at nonproliferative and preproliferative stages.
The aim of the study was to study the etiological and morphological features of large macular ruptures. The present study included 200 eyes (188 patients) who were diagnosed with a large macular rupture at initial examination. 96 eyes (48%) were diagnosed with stage 3, the remaining 104 eyes (52%) were diagnosed with stage 4 macular rupture. Large macular tears in 55.5% of cases are due to vitreomacular traction syndrome, in 24.5% of cases - myopia and in 20% of cases - eye trauma. Macular tears of various etiologies do not differ in visual acuity, intraocular pressure, diameter and stage of the rupture, duration of the disease. Macular rupture is associated with cataract in 51.5% of cases.
В настоящее время общепризнанно, что в патогенезе осложнений диабетической ретинопатии важную роль играют внутриглазные кровоизлияния различной локализации Частота осложнений многие авторы связывают с появлением новообразованных сосудов при препролиферативной и пролиферативной стадиях диабетической ретинопатии. |4| Пролиферативная стадия диабетической ретинопатии характеризуется ростом фиброзной, глиальной и неоваскулярной тканей в ответ на ишемию. Снижение перфузии капилляров сетчатки вызывает ангиогенез. Ведущим фактором в ангиогенезе являются фибробластические факторы роста (факторы ангиогенеза), количество которых при гипоксии и ишемии возрастает. [2]
In the databases of evidence-based medicine, studies that study the effectiveness of taking vitamin-mineral complexes indicate a high risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as a prevention (primary prevention). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of lutein-zeaxanthin vitamin-mineral complex containing preparations in individuals with a high risk of AMD for the prevention of the disease. The material of the study was 98 individuals (196 eyes) from the 1st (main) group with the highest risk of developing AMD, who agreed to participate in the prevention of AMD and 90 individuals (180 eyes) from the 2nd (control) group, for various reasons refused to take the drug, but agreed to participate in condition monitoring. The follow-up period was 3 years. The results of the observation showed that in persons of the 1st group, there was a stability in the indices of visual acuity and field of vision, ophthalmoscopic and tomographic picture of the macular zone during the entire period of observation. Whereas in persons of the 2nd group by the 3rd year of observation, visual acuity worsened by 2.5 times, the total boundaries of the peripheral visual field narrowed by 47.10, relative and absolute scotomas appeared (p<0.05). The appearance of drusen was observed and in 8 eyes (4.44%) a diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration of the retina, early stage, was made. Conclusions. The proposed scheme of drug prevention of persons with the highest risk of developing AMD (Group 1) showed a significantly positive effect on the functional state of the retina, leads to a stable preservation of visual functions during 3 years of observation and prevents the occurrence of AMD in 100% of individuals.
Глаукома – одно из самых значимых офтальмологических заболеваний, которое при позднем выявлении и отсутствии своевременного лечения, корректируемого в зависимости от состояния больного приводит к слепоте [1,2,3,4]. Это связано с тем, что наиболее распространенной является открытоугольная форма глаукомы, протекающая в большинстве случаев без каких-либо субъективных проявлений и незаметно для самого человека. По данным отечественных и зарубежных авторов, не смотря на национальные программы борьбы с данной патологией в мире на 80 - 105 миллионов учтенных больных глаукомой, насчитывается не менее 50-60 миллионов неучтенных [5,6,7,8].
In the databases of evidence-based medicine, studies that study the effectiveness of taking vitamin-mineral complexes indicate a high risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) as a prevention (primary prevention). The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of lutein-zeaxanthin vitamin-mineral complex containing preparations in individuals with a high risk of AMD for the prevention of the disease. The material of the study was 98 individuals (196 eyes) from the 1st (main) group with the highest risk of developing AMD, who agreed to participate in the prevention of AMD and 90 individuals (180 eyes) from the 2nd (control) group, for various reasons refused to take the drug, but agreed to participate in condition monitoring. The follow-up period was 3 years. The results of the observation showed that in persons of the 1st group, there was a stability in the indices of visual acuity and field of vision, ophthalmoscopic and tomographic picture of the macular zone during the entire period of observation. Whereas in persons of the 2nd group by the 3rd year of observation, visual acuity worsened by 2.5 times, the total boundaries of the peripheral visual field narrowed by 47.10, relative and absolute scotomas appeared (p<0.05). The appearance of drusen was observed and in 8 eyes (4.44%) a diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration of the retina, early stage, was made. Conclusions. The proposed scheme of drug prevention of persons with the highest risk of developing AMD (Group 1) showed a significantly positive effect on the functional state of the retina, leads to a stable preservation of visual functions during 3 years of observation and prevents the occurrence of AMD in 100% of individuals.