Subject of the inquiry: steering wheel of self-driven energetic vehicle means.
Aim of the inquiry: the aim of this inquiry is to rise the stability of the motion and conducting of self-driven means by rational choice of transmission ratio of the steering wheel.
Methods of inquiry : the analytical and experimental research methods are used in the work based on methods of automatic regulation theory.
The results achieved and their novelty: the character of the influence of the transmission ratio quantity on the sensitiveness of the machines the control and stability of the motion are used
The mathematical models for calculation of parameters of the motion of selfdriven energetic means with hydro-huged characters of the steering wheel and the choice of mounting coordinates of carried out hydrocylinders are worked out.
Practical value: the recommendations on the choice of transmission ratio of steering wheel and mounting coordinates of carried-out hydrocylinders rising stability of the motion and improving conduction of self-driven energetic means are worked out.
Mathematical models allowing to realize rational choice of parameters of steering wheel on the stage of project are created.
Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: recommendations on the choice of the quantity of transmission ratio of steering wheel and calculated definition of rational parameters of mounting hydrocylinders of the wheel implement are accepted for the usage in SSC (GAO) "Tashkent Tractor Plant".
Sphere of usage: tractor and agricultural machine-building.
Ҳомилани пренатал ривожланиш даврининг динамик маълумотларига ишлов бериш орқали рационал озиқланиш тизимининг умумий модели келтирилган. Ҳомиладорлик даври 3та триместрга ажратилади. Ҳомиланинг ривожланиш даврида таъсир кўрсатувчи озиқ овқат маҳсулотлари ва витаминлар таркиби меёрлари нормаларидан ҳомиладорнинг холатига мос равишда озиқланиш холати тизимли тахлил этилади.
Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most common and serious diseases, which in the world suffer from 3 to 12% of the child population of the globe. Proportion of adolescents with asthma, is one third of all children with this disease. High prevalence of asthma in the numbers of teenagers, characteristics of the disease, age-related aspects of the functioning of the endocrine and immune systems of teenagers that cause difficulties which arise in the course of the diagnostic process, highlight the need to find innovative approaches to diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
It is known that the key immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the vast majority of AD cases is real and indisputable fact. Currently, considerable interest to researchers involved in the pathogenesis of positions of allergic diseases, especially asthma, along with IL-4 and IL-13 causes a number of other (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-5, INF-a and INF-y) immunoregulatory cytokines.
Genetic predisposition plays an important role in the development of allergic diseases. Currently available data on the relationship with asthma and associated with disease symptoms polymorphism approximately 150 genes. Important role as the main contender for the predisposition to asthma gene is a gene encoding flchain of high affinity receptor IgE. Interaction elevated levels of antigen-specific IgE with FceRip plays a central role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Particularly attractive candidate gene asthma is also one of the enzyme genes biotransformation - GSTirl, encoding glutathione S-transferase and л1 express almost exclusively in the pulmonary tissue. This gene is located at the locus 11 ql 3, for which repeatedly shown clutch with atopic symptoms. Accumulated in the literature say about the relationship of gene polymorphism FceRI, GSTnl with different allergic diseases.
From this perspective, the study of immunological and genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of this disease for the construction of rational treatment and prevention emphasizes the relevance of this thesis research.
From the earliest days of independence, the country has successfully implemented state programs aimed at reforming the health care system. As a result, the targeted implementation of organizational health and research activities aimed at effective diagnosis, prevention and treatment of asthma among adolescents, with some success in the treatment of this disease in the country. However, now the problem of early diagnosis and the development of effective programs for treatment and prevention among adolescents with asthma remain one of the most important issues of modern health care. This research work was carried out in the framework of the tasks set by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On additional measures to improve the health of women and the younger generation," dated 25.01.2002 for the №32. In this regard, the need to deepen the information received about the state of cellular and humoral immunity among adolescents, asking pathogenetic informative immunogcnctic studies in asthma arc one of the important criteria demand the dissertation topic.
Purpose of research is study the immunological and genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of asthma in adolescents and form the basis of this plan rational diagnostic and therapeutic measures in this pathology.
In To achieve this goal the following tasks of research is solved:
to establish the clinical course of asthma in the population of adolescents living in the Samarkand region, in the early stages of the pathological process in the bronchopulmonary system.
explore the features of the state of cellular and humoral immunity, as well as activation markers in asthma in adolescence by determining the immunophenotype of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood.
to examine the level of production of immunorcgulatory cytokine interleukin-6 and interfcron-y and install them pathogenetic informative in asthma among adolescents.
to determine the features of distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of polymorphic variants of genes and FceRip GSTnl population Uzbek people with asthma, compared with the healthy part of the population.
examine the clinical and immunological aspects effectiveness of therapies using drugs and polioksidony tsikloferon in patients with asthma in adolescence.
on the basis of studies to develop a multivariate model of formation of bronchial asthma and develop an optimal algorithm for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention in adolescents with this pathological condition.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research consists in the following:
proposed introduction to the work of doctors teen clinics layered approach testing can significantly improve the detection rate of asthma in adolescence and optimize treatment and preventive measures in high-risk groups;
first defined the peculiar characteristics of the quantitative parameters of the immune status of patients with asthma in the cohort of adolescence and the corresponding proposed regulations and guidance documents for the healthy part of the adolescent population;
for the first time presents a comprehensive assessment of the cytokine profile of blood serum in bronchial asthma in adolescents. Specific features of products immunorcgulatory cytokines IL-6 and INF-y and their pathogenetic and regulatory information content in asthma among adolescents;
first analyzed the distribution of alleles and genotypes of polymorphic gene variants and gene FceRip GSTirl among patients with different phenotypic variants of AD and healthy individuals of Uzbek nationality, which resulted in the identified markers of increased risk or, conversely, resistance to the development of asthma in adolescents Uzbek ethnicity;
algorithms for phase diagnosis, treatment and prevention of asthma in adolescence in terms of disclosure of important moments of the pathogenesis of the disease, allowing to build a rational sequence of diagnostic search, aimed at verifying the diagnosis and expedient construction of preventive measures.
Conclusion
1. Set the frequency of occurrence of the disease and the structure of "asthma" in the arid zone among teens. Said pathology is recorded in 9,6% of the population surveyed adolescents, while the disease is more common among females. In the structure of the disease prevails periodical exposure and mild persistent form.
2. Identified by clinical features of asthma among adolescents living in the arid zone, indicate a high frequency of lesions of the bronchial tree association with allergic processes in other organs and tissues: in 73,9% of the AR, 53,7% with AK. 16,6% with BA and 14% with urticaria/angiocdcma.
3. Found that in the study population of patients with asthma adolescence occur expressed disturbances of the immune status, manifested deficit indicators as cell (CD3‘, CD4+, CD8 , CD16+), and humoral immunity (CD19 , IgA, IgG, IgM) and activation markers (CD23+, CD95). The immune status of patients with asthma in young people, adolescence has distinctive features, the depth of detected violations immunoreactivity was most pronounced in the younger age group.
4. In patients with bronchial asthma in adolescence revealed distinct changes in cell-cell interactions in the immune system: a significant increase in the content of Th2-cclls secreted IL-6 is a regulator of maturation of antibodies and immunoglobulin production itself, and vice versa reducing regulator activity of Th 1-cell cytokine INF-y.
5. It was found that the contents of cytokines IL-6, INF-y and in the peripheral blood is in communication with one pathogenic disease. It is shown that the lowest level of INF-y production in the scrum is characteristic of allergic clinical pathogenic variant asthma in adolescence. Adolescents suffering from predominantly infectious form of asthma, there is a sharp trend towards increased production of IL-6 in peripheral blood.
6. Revealed that markers of increased risk of allergic forms of asthma in adolescents Uzbek ethnicity arc genotype FceRip-109T/T allele FceRip-109T, low-risk markers - FcsRip-109C/C and allele Fc£Rip-109C. A high degree of cohesion genotype FcsRip-109T/T allele and FcsRip-109T with hereditary burden of asthma in the Uzbek population.
7. Among females ethnic Uzbek Association revealed lie-105 allele and genotype Ilc-105/Ilc-105 polymorphic gene locus GSTkI at high risk for asthma. Revealed that the genotype associated with the development Ilc-105/Ilc-105 allergic form of asthma in adolescents Uzbek population.
8. Complex therapy with adolescents’ patients with asthma ciklofcron and polyoxidonium, providing immunocorrective effect, enhances the clinical efficacy of basic therapy. In the study of prophylactic efficacy of immunomodulators positive indicators prevailed in the group of patients receiving polioksidony, necessitating its inclusion in the priority scheme of integrated treatment and prevention of asthma in adolescents.
In the modern world, the principles of secular society dominate, on the one hand, and on the other, the process of the initial revival of religious consciousness, one of the ancient sources of popular culture. That is why religion has become a social institution on the agenda of many issues related to the role and status of modern society. Issues such as secularism, which implies the free, independent and independent activity of the spheres of public life. In this sense, this article is devoted to the analysis of this complex and controversial social process and its relevance. In the article, the term “secularization” occurs in terms of history and logic: the linguistic meaning of a word, its comparative and critical analysis of its definitions by various authors. At the same time, the objective and subjective factors behind the secularization process were uncovered. Specific examples of the sociocultural life of the West and the East are studied in detail and the content of the term "secularization" is defined. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the views of modern philosophers on this issue, the analysis of theoretical views proposed by various academic schools. General and specific aspects of the description and approach are highlighted, the author’s own views on them are described and definitions of the concept of “secularization” are developed. Based on recent studies, general theoretical conclusions are given. As it is known, the secularization paradigms in the modern world are gradually changing. In this sense, secularization is not a feature of all societies. It should be noted that in the process of change, religious issues are at the center of public debate and, in some cases, at the center of controversy. However, secularization remains the core of the modern world, although religion is likely to occupy a huge space. Based on the above analysis, we can say that the processes of secularization are not based on a specific standard in different societies, and in each society there is a certain limit. Based on historical analysis, modern definition and description, secularization is a complex social process associated with the role of religion in society, and can be replaced by changing the order of religious traditions based on rational principles based on the principle of secularism.
The article deals with the study effective and safe use NAID (non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drugs at patients’ treatment). The rational use NAID will help to guarantee the safety of pharmacotherapy.
The article provides information on the importance of adhering to the rules of targeted diet and rational nutrition, which are important elements of a healthy lifestyle in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension, and the implementation of the DASH diet program. Dietary approach and rational nutrition, which is one of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle, is widely used as a non drug treatment in many diseases of the cardiovascular system, including arterial hypertension. In the development of arterial hypertension, an excess of the recommended amount of salt increases the sensitivity of the resistive vascular wall to pressor factors. The result is an increase in peripheral resistance as well as arteriola tone. As a result, a steady increase in the level of arterial hypertension leads to an increase in the incidence of injuries to the target organs and the occurrence of hypertensive crises.
Соғлом турмуш тарзи тушунчаси кенг маънога эга эканлигини, у жисмоний фаоллик, зарарли одатлар, яъни гиёхвандлик, тамаки (носвой) чекиш, спиртли ичимликлар истеъмол қПлиш ига қарши курашиш ва рационал овкатланиш ахоли ўртасида кенг тарғиб қилиш каби ишларни ўз ичига қамраб олйшини унутмаслиги лозим. Инсон тўлақонли ҳаёт кечириши учун ўз вақтида, меъёрида ва ёшига мос равишда овқатланиши мухим ахамиятга. Чунки овқат, организмнинг мўътадил даражада ушлаб турувчи манба (ёқилғи) ҳисобланади. Аммо биз бу манбадан кўр-кўрона эмас, балки онгли ва илмий асосланган ҳолда фойдаланишимиз керак. Бу барча ёшдаги аҳоли учун жуда зарур ва муҳим. Тиббиёт отаси хисобланмиш Гиппократ "Истеъмол килаётган таомингиз дори вазифасини ўтасин, дорингиз таомдан иборат бўлсин” деб таъкидлаган. Лекин илм - фан хамда техниканинг мисли кўрилмаган даражада ривожланиши ва турмуш фаровонлигини тобора ошиб бориши, асосий хизматларни техника зиммасига юклатилиши аҳоли орасида касаллик келиб чиқиши эҳтимолини кўпайтирмоқда. ПТунинг учун ҳар бир инсон имкон қадар жисмоний фаол бўлишга ва рационал овкатланишга интилмоғи катта муаммога айланиб бормокда.
Based on the methods of analytical analysis and monographic research, the article shows the drawbacks of quantitative accounting of land, which is one of the main components of the state land cadastre and the annual regional balance sheet (report), and also developed practical proposals and recommendations for eliminating shortcomings in improving the quality of land balance (of the report), taking as a basis the results of the inventory of land resources carried out in the administrative districts (cities) of the republic.
Dysthymic disorders and a hangover of dependence on alkagol-this is the most observed condition. This condition requires in-depth clinical research and extensive analysis of the course of the disease. In modern psychiatry, the concept of comorbidity is widely used, on the basis of this concept lies the presence of two or more diseases in one patient. Since comorbidity prolongs the clinical picture of the disease, it complicates the diagnosis of the disease for doctors and requires special attention from doctors for treatment. Affektiv in drug-dependent patients, the importance of diagnosing disorders and distinguishing their variants is important. Rapid rational treatment measures arc required to relieve symptoms, otherwise affektiv treatment without eliminating pathology will be ineffective at any level of the disease.
Ancient Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus wrote that he is happy, who is healthy in body, receptive to soul and submissive to education. The Charter of the World Health Organization (WHO) refers to the highest level of health as one of the basic human rights. The human right is closely related to its responsibility. The entire way of life of a person, and especially a medical student and a doctor, should constantly remind him of the responsibility for his health and the health of others. The way of life is a culture of nutrition, movement, profession, use of free time, creativity. The health of modern man is 60% dependent on lifestyle. At the same time, a healthy lifestyle determines not only the absence of disease, but also the optimal functioning of all organs and systems, including the oral cavity. The way of life influences spiritual and physical health, strengthening or destroying it, prolonging or shortening life. Consequently, the right way of life is a factor of health, and an unhealthy lifestyle is a risk factor.
Depressive disorders are of interest to most researchers because of their prevalence and the fact that they are considered high-level psychosocial disorders. In modern psychiatry, the clinic of the adynamic component of depressive disorders is still not fully studied. Adynamic depression often has a long, chronic course. Psychopathological analysis of adynamic depression, identification of various variants of its course, helps to choose therapeutic tactics. Among patients with phase depressive disorder, mild and moderate depressive episodes in the form of mood unipolar, recurrent or bipolar disorder predominate, which are phenomenologically normal or panic subdepressions, seasonal depressions observed with loss of activity, agrippnik disorders, and included in apathy. The duration of these cases can be from several weeks to several months. The motivation for the use of drugs is consistent with the desire to improve the mental state of patients.
Бош мия шиши – бош мия шикастининг оғир неспецефик синдроми бўлиб, ҳушдан кетиш ва талваса хуружлари билан тавсифланади. Болаларда бош мия шиши барча инфекциялари; токсик ва гипоксик ҳолатлар; ўткир нейроинфекциялар; бош мия жароҳатлари; эпилептик статус; бош мия қон айланишининг бузилишлари; соматик касалликларда ривожланади.
It has been established that in recent years the pharmaceutical market has been actively growing in our country: the number of registered medicines (drugs) and dosage forms is increasing, programs are being developed to increase the availability of medicines to the population. At the same time, the problem of an irrational approach to treatment, which is typical not only for Uzbekistan, is well known. According to the WHO, more than 50% of all drugs are prescribed or distributed irrationally, 50% of patients take drugs incorrectly, a third of the world's population does not have access to life-saving drugs, and up to 10% of all hospitalizations are associated with adverse drug reactions, most of which could be would prevent. In the world, 12 million people die a year, 7 million of them could have been saved with adequate therapy. According to the WHO program: "all people, wherever they were, could receive the drugs they need at the lowest cost: so that these drugs are safe and effective, and they are prescribed and used rationally."
Experiments have shown that toxic hepatitis in the mother will negatively affect the postnatal growth, development and formation and the morphological and functional state of the vascular-tissue structures in the organ of the offspring similar to the mother's organ, causing pathomorphological changes in their vascular-tissue structures, contributing to lag, delay in developmental becoming them.
All this necessitates the development of scientifically grounded therapeutic and prophylactic measures in order to prevent pathology in offspring born and fed by mothers with liver pathology.
Бутун дунѐда долзарб муаммоларидан бири бу нотўғри овқатланиш хисобланади. Соғлиқни сақлаш ташкилотларининг статистик маълумотларига кўра бугунги кунда нотўғри овқатланиш натижасида юзага келаѐтган касалликлар оқибатида ўлимга сабаб бўлмоқда. Нотўғри овқатланиш инсон саломатлигига салбий таъсир кўрсатадиган асосий омиллардан бири бўлиб, у турли хил касалликлар қандли диабет, гипертония, атеросклероз, юрак касалликлари (стенокардия, атеросклероз) ўсма касалликлари ва бошқалар келиб чиқишида муҳим ўрин тутади.
Мамлакатда паррандачилик соҳасини ривожлантириш ушбу йўналишда мамлакат аҳолисини юқори сифатли парранда гўшти ва тухум маҳсулотлари билан узлуксиз таъминлаш, ички ва ташқи бозорларга маҳаллий паррандачилик маҳсулотларини сотишни кўпайтириш, ишлаб чиқаришнинг замонавий усулларини кенг жорий этиш, бу орқали қўшилган қиймат занжирини яратиш, мазкур соҳада замонавий ахбороткоммуникация технологиялари ва илм-фан ютуқларидан самарали фойдаланишни каби долзарб масалаларга эътибор қаратилган.