Tuberculous lymphadenopathy without HIV infection, in comparison with those with HIV infection, was characterized by a more favorable clinical course, limited lesion and, especially important, limited caseous-necrotic changes. Analysis of the histological picture of the removed lymph nodes in patients with HIV-i made it possible to distinguish three activities of tuberculous lymphadenopathy: an inactive phase (with a predominance of a productive cellular reaction) - in 3 patients (5.3%), an active (with a predominantly productive-necrotic tissue reaction) - in 11 patients (19.3%), the phase of progression of the pathological process (mainly necrotic lesions, suppuration and formation of fistulas) - in 43 patients (75.4%). It was found that the inactive phase is 5.5 times more common in patients without HIV than in patients with HIV (29.3% and 5.3%, respectively, P˂0.001), while the active phase and the progression phase was 1.5 and 1.3 times more frequent in patients with HIV than in patients without HIV (19.3% and 13.1, respectively, P˃0.5; 75.4% and 57, 6%, respectively, P˂0.02).
To study the state of systemic immunity and local immunity before and during chemotherapy in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.
From 2017 to 2018 at the Tashkent city branch of the Republican specialized scientific and practical medical center of oncology and radiology 20 primary metastatic patients with gastric adenocarcinoma received chemotherapy. The sampling of biological material (peripheral blood, tumor tissue) was carried out twice (before treatment and during the first control examination, after 3 courses). The percentage of the degree of infiltration of tumor tissue by lymphocytes (CD45+CD14-TILs) was estimated by flow cytometry; T cells (CD3+CD19-TILs); B cells (CD3-CD19+TILs); NK cells (CD3-CD16+CD56+TILs); CD16 and CD8 effector cells and their cytotoxic potential (CTP) (CD16+Perforin+TILs; CD16CTPTILs), (CD8+Perforin+TILs; CD8CTPTILs); regulatory T cells - NKT cells (CD3+CD16+CD56+TILs), CD4 (CD4+CD25+CD127-TILs) and CD8 (CD8+CD11b-CD28-TILs) regulatory cells and these parameters of systemic results. The factor of a favorable prognosis for PFS in patients with metastatic gastric cancer in the peripheral blood was an increase in the number of CD8 + T-regulatory cells (5.1% - 12.1%, p = 0.019), and in tumor tissue - an increase in the perforin potential of effector CD16 cells (0.5% - 4.9%, p = 0.030) and their cytotoxic potential (13.2% - 55.7%, p = 0.011). When assessing the changes in the indices of local immunity during chemotherapy, it was noted a negative effect of an increase of T cells (22.0% - -9.7%, p = 0.012), NKT - cells (207.9% - -13.8%, p = 0.002) and CD4 + T-regulatory cells (190.7% - -25.2%, p = 0.002). In contrast, an increase in the level of effector CD16 cells during chemotherapy increases the likelihood of surviving PFS - 9 months (-69.5% - 9.1%, p = 0.013).
Indicators of local and systemic immunity serve as additional prognostic factors for gastric cancer.
Diseases caused by soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi are a serious problem for agricultural crops, including sunflower crops. The limited possibilities of measures to control them further increases the interest and focus on them. This article reveals data on the species composition, occurrence rate of soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi isolated from the soil of sunflower. Here, 11 species of true fungi and 1 species of oomycetes have been isolated. The highest incidence rate was recorded in the Fusarium oxysporum fungi species. During the study, pathogenic fungi specific to sunflower have also been isolated.
The article discusses the issue of developing the intellectual competence of gifted students through the use of information and communication technologies in the educational process.
In children’s tuberculosis inpatient departments of the PMCforPhandP and the Tashkent city tuberculosis hospital, 272 children and adolescents with various forms of tuberculosis were examined. Among children with various forms of tuberculosis, 28(10,3%) patients were diagnosed with complicated forms and 244 (89,7%)-uncomplicated forms of tuberculosis. When studying the risk factors for the disease, it was revealed that there were 225 (87,7%) children vaccinated with BCG, of which 58 (25,8%) children (76,8%), of whom anemia was found in 35 (12,9%) patients. In the structure of clinical forms in childrenand adolescents with tuberculosis, tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes (57,0%) and primary tuberculosis complex (11,0%) predominate. Most of the children hada positivity to tuberculin (77,5±2,5%) and to the test for Diaskintest (69,5±2,7%).
In order to study the significance of molecular genetic methods and endoscopy in the diagnosis of genital tuberculosis, 389 infertile women were examined. Studies have shown that laparoscopy of the endometrium and ovaries is one of the most necessary methods of examining diagnostic patients. Studies of the biopsy of the cervical canal, endometrium, molecular genetic examination of menstrual blood, caseous secretions for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis increases the effectiveness of early diagnosis of reproductive disorders associated with genital tuberculosis.
Mazkur maqolada qаdriyatlаrning mоhiyati, mаzmuni, nаmоyon bo’lish shаkllаri bilаn bоg’liq muаmmоlаrning tаhliliga asosiy e’tibor qaratilgan. Kishilаr qаdim zаmоnlаrdаnоq o’zlаrini o’rаb turgаn оlаm, undаgi nаrsа, vоqеа vа hоdisаlаr, оdаmlаr o’rtаsidаgi munоsаbаtlаrgа bаhо bеrgаnlаr, ulаrning qаdri to’g’risidа fikr yuritgаnlаr. Tаdqiqоtlаr оrаsidа qаdriyatlаr to’g’risidаgi bilimlаrgа nisbаtаn turli munоsаbаtni kuzаtish mumkin. Bu munоsаbаtlar haqida maqolada mulohaza qilingan.
This study focuses on the mechanisms of financial support for land use in the country and the creation of a legal framework for protecting the legitimate interests of landowners, regulating contractual relations, and gratuitously disposing of crops.
The modern problems of the formation of digital literacy of the society are considered through the created socio-economic prerequisites for the implementation of digitalization programs in the higher education system in Uzbekistan. The author claims that at the present stage of development of civil society, for the analysis of digital involvement, they allow us to fix a digital gap in the higher education system. The article shows that the implementation of the concept of continuous knowledge in the context of the digital economy becomes a reality when the most talented part of young people is selected for university studies, and the principles of openness and accessibility both in the field of higher education and information technologies are implemented. The implementation of these principles allows us to build a more flexible system of higher education, which will create the prerequisites for obtaining qualified knowledge that meets the requirements of society, a market economy, solve innovative problems in creating universal digital literacy and training competitive personnel. The author of the article offers concrete proposals for further improving the digitalization of the higher education system.
Как указывает Президент Республики Узбекистан И.А.Каримов: “Сегодня мы должны добиться того, чтобы другие народы и нации по достоинству оценили наши интеллектуальные возможности и потенциал”
1 . Этого можно добиться только при полновесной защите прав и законных интересов правообладателя. В данном контексте все еще остаётся открытым вопрос о
наследовании прав на объекты интеллектуальной собственности.
To assess the safety of the new carbon hemosorbent, the authors carried out experimental studies on 138 white laboratory rats of the nature "Wistar" and 16 mongrel dogs with toxicological, biochemical and physiological studies. The simulation of the mechanical block was carried out according to the author's methodology. The authors studied the acute and chronic toxicity of carbon hemosorbent with intragastric, intraperitoneal administration of the drug, and also evaluated the local irritant, skin-resorptive effect. The research carried out by the authors showed that carbon hemosorbent can be recommended in the complex treatment of liver failure.
The article deals with theoretical and practical issues of improving the mechanisms of state financial control in the budgetary sphere in the field of education. The author substantiated the need to improve the efficiency of state financial control of budget expenditures and its impact on the sustainable functioning of education in a new stage of the country's socio-economic development. The author of the article, in order to achieve the effectiveness of state financial control of budgetary resources in the field of education, put forward a number of independent proposals that have theoretical and practical significance.
Целью этого национального исследования было определение распространенности кариеса, опыта кариеса и индекса значительного кариеса (SiC) у 12-летних детей в Узбекистане.
The continuous increase in oil production and refining around the world requires the improvement and intensification of the processes of dehydration and desalting through the use of non-traditional methods of external influence, incl. electrophysical. This is dictated by the fact that in recent years oil-water emulsions with high stability, which are difficult to destroy even at the high costs of expensive imported demulsifiers, have often been supplied to oil treatment plants (OTPs).
The article is devoted to organizational and legal aspects of strengthening the powers and control functions of the legislative power in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The author reveals the problems of parliamentary control and maintaining a reasonable balance between the branches of government. Special attention is paid to the legal basis for ensuring the rule of law in society, the rule of law, and improving public administration through effective parliamentary control. Based on the analysis of legal gaps in the current national legislation in terms of its provision, new proposals for legislation are given.