The article analyzes the use and artistic interpretation of the terms «mani» («meaning») and «ahli maoniy» («people of enlightenment») in the work of Alisher Navoi. In the works of the great thinker, the interpretation of these concepts was studied on the basis of the following classification: 1) the expression of ideas that reveal the essence of the terms «meaning»; 2) a high level of educated people and their views, which could be a criterion for the life of society and the artistic and aesthetic thinking of the nation; 3) a description of predecessors and contemporaries belonging to people of enlightenment; 4) the question of the relationship between people of education and people of appearance. These concepts are valuable in terms of allowing a deeper understanding of the inner essence, mystical and aesthetic content of Alisher Navoi’s works. Examining the great thinker’s lyrical poems and «Khamsa» epics in the context of «mani» and «ahli maoni» terms is of particular importance in discovering new aspects of their meaning. In the article, Navoi’s works are analyzed based on the same concepts for the first time. This article is a scientific problem was investigated on the example of Alisher Navoi’s sofa «Badoy-ul-Bidoy», the kulliyat «Khazoyin-ul-Maoniy», dastans «Khamsa», the nameskir (ontology) «Majolis-un-nafois», the works of «Lison-ut-tayr”, “Muhokamat-ul-lughatain”, “Mahbub-ul-kulub”, “Hamsat-ul-mutahayyirin”, “Nasoyim-ul-muhabbat”, “Holoti Sayyid Hasan Ardasher”. If necessary, the views of Alisher Navoi are compared with those of his great predecessor Nizami Ganjavi. The works of Davlatshah Samarkandi “Tazkirat-ush-shuaro”, Dehhudo “Lugatnoma”, Giyosiddin Khandamir “Makorim-ul-ahlok” were used to substantiate scientific views in the analysis process. As a result of the study, it was found that the term «meaning» in the work of Alisher Navoi contradicts «appearance (appearance, appearance)» and expresses the inner essence, not the external content, and the concept of «enlightenment» means the science of knowledge, which is the basis of artistic expression. It is concluded that the combination «ahli maoniy» (people of enlightenment) represents a broader essence, which is interpreted under the meaning of people of truth and enlightenment, meaning «Haq», that is, Allah in a figurative sense and is a concept associated with the concept of the great poet’s work.
The great Azerbaijani poet Sheikh Nizami Ganjavi started a unique poetic phenomenon in world literature - khamsalik. Although it was written in Persian, it is known that the great poet's "Panj Ganj" reflects the Turkish thought and the Turkish spirit. The great Uzbek thinker Hazrat Alisher Navoi brought the poetic tradition started by Nizami Ganjavi to a high stage of development with his "Khamsa". According to Professor Almaz Ulviy, the author of remarkable scientific studies on Azerbaijani-Uzbek literary relations, Alisher Navoi did not limit himself to the consistent continuation of Nizami's traditions, but also raised the level of development of Turkish literature. After all, the respect for his great predecessor, the recognition of his unique services in the development of poetic thinking is clearly felt in every epic of Hazrat Alisher Navoi's "Khamsa". This is also confirmed by the fact that separate chapters of "Khamsa" epics are dedicated to him.
Land has been the material basis of land relations and the main source of ownership since ancient times. Efforts to adapt land to efficient use date back to ancient times, when it was random and limited to land use purposes. This article describes the socio-economic aspects and actions that occur in the process of land use.
In the article, a linguo-poetic analysis of Alisher Navai's gazelle was carried out. It depicts the feelings of the lyrical hero, his views on the world and man. The article attempts to highlight the main facets of this image.
The concentration of the level of cytokines in saliva depends on the form of stomatitis, which is confirmed by the presence of a relationship between the concentrations of TNFα and IL-1β, and this relationship is direct and varies depending on the form of stomatitis, which indicates a violation of immunoregulatory mechanisms in chronic recurrent forms of stomatitis.
To examine the relationship between the oral health behavior and perfectionism. Behavioral, socio-economic and clinical data were collected through questioning and clinical examination. Perfectionism was assessed using N. G. Garanyan and A. B. Kholmogorova Perfectionism questionnaire. Patients had low level of oral health knowledge. Patients who are striving for ideal, exemplary behavior, themselves, will lowly assess the health of the gums. Striving for their “inner ideal”, direct all their strength and attention to work, study or any other activity, and pay less attention to health, less watch for the condition of the teeth, compared to patients who have low scores on perfectionism.
Everyone knows that each language has its own characteristics, attractiveness and endearing qualities. And also, some of them side by side with others developed and achieved perfection. The same can be said about the Persian and Turkic languages. Over many centuries, nationalities speaking on these languages have suffered many different events, including the literary and linguistic positions. Words in these languages have passed from one to another and vice versa, some have acquired new meanings. Some types and methods of word formation were borrowed, and with this they enriched their languages. This process is often observed in the works of poets and writers who lived and wrote their works in the Middle Ages. As Alisher Navoi, who wrote works with high skill in the Turkic language, knew the Persian and Arabic languages perfectly, he wisely uses words in his works. And also, if a word denoting a concept does not exist in the Turkic language, he uses the Persian or Arabic language to use these words or based on own observations, forms himself the words according to models. One of such models is the “arabic stem + semi-affix زاس- -sāz” model, according to which, words were formed and many of them are found in the poem “Khayrat al-abror”. Their determination and study is the purpose of this research. In the result of the research, we observed words such as ’ayšsāz, bаẕlsāz, ġāliyаsāz, jilvаsāz, nаġmаsāz, nаqšsāz, sаjdаsāz, vāsiṭаsāz, which were formed based on the aforesaid model, that is with adding Persian semi-affix زاس- -sāz exactly to the Arabic stem. In this article, the above words were analyzed structurally and semantically based on the model, and their meanings were revealed in context. From the considered words bаẕlsāz “giving a gift”, jilvāsāz “shining,” “spreading the light” sājdasāz “performing worship,” vāsiṭāsāz “making smth. as tool” were not found in dictionaries. We can conclude that the poet formed them on the basis of the “Arabic stem + affixoid - زاس -sāz” model to use in his works
The article covers the history of Iran in the works of V. V. Bartold. It has historiographic analysis, shows the influence of environmental conditions, the positive and negative aspects of V.V.Bartold's works, and gives conclusions and recommendations on directions of scholarly researches in the framework of the study of the history of Iran in the Timurid epoch.
Although the attitude of Alisher Navai towards the representatives of Persian classical poetry of the X-XV centuries has been studied relatively well, but the issue of the relationship of Uzbek poet with the works of Anvariy Abivardi (1105–1191), Persian-speaking poet, recognized as "Prophet in qasida" by tradition hasn’t been researched yet. In this paper, with an argument of this poet’s works, his qasida dedicated to Sufi-irfani theme "Tawakkul" (trusting in the will of God) is discussed in detail compared with Navoiy’s qasida which is devoted to the same subject as an imitation of Anvari’s qasida.
Алишер Навои в известной степени был знаком с античной философией, с уважением отзывался о мыслителях прошлого, окружал своих героев - справедливых правителей - мудрыми наставниками. Навои в своем творчестве испытал огромное влияние философского наследия Абу Насыра Фараби, которого называл «Вторым учителем». Данная статья посвящена раскрытию некоторых 1раней влияния Фараби на философское мировоззрение Алишера Навои.
In this monograph, the qualities of the great poet and thinker Alisher Navoi as a person and statesman, creative activity are highlighted based on new interpretations. Specific scientific views related to the mystical and literary-aesthetic world of our great-grandfathers have been put forward. Scientific-theoretical opinions are expressed in the Great Five - "Khamsa" regarding the artistic concept of the creator, the poetic interpretation of the image of the mother. The influence of Alisher Navoi's art on the improvement of the nation's literary and aesthetic thinking has been studied.
The monograph is intended for literary and narcissistic scholars, young researchers and general readers.
This article is devoted to the studies of the life and works of famous scholar Kamal ad-din Huseyn al-Voiz al-Kashifi as-Sabzawari al-Hirawi, who lived at the same Century with Alisher Navai. On the base of scientific argumentation here is analyzed certain data related to his date of birth and his works. The author also enters scientific novelties concerning these aforementioned issues
Currently, there is a rapid process of globalization in all spheres of social life, including in the field of national languages and mercilessly endangers the leveling of national cultures and values. In such conditions, each nation should take care of the future of its language and strive to preserve the social function of the language. Otherwise, in the near future, both the language (the culture) and the nation itself will lose their national identity and even existence. Language is the key to all scientific and technological progress. To this end, we must collect the vocabulary of all the works of the classical period, starting with “Divan Lugati-t-Turk” (an essay in Turkic vocabulary) by Mahmud Kashgari to the present, create a text corpus of the Uzbek language, create concordant vocabulary works. At the next stage, comes collecting all borrowings in the language, classifying them according to European languages and, if possible, replacing them with an equivalent in the Uzbek language or with an analogue from the Turkic languages. The words of Arabic and Persian origin are widely used in the Uzbek language from many times, being an integral part of it. It is better to replace them if there are suitable equivalents in the Uzbek language. In Uzbek language, the full-blooded norm of the term of creation does not yet exist. In this area, it is necessary to study the experience of highly developed countries and develop a promising program for the term of the Uzbek language. It is necessary to collect all the dictionaries of the Turkic languages that are currently developed and to use their experience in order to improve the Uzbek language. Alisher Navoi is the founder of the modern Uzbek language and the author of the largest collected works in the Uzbek language. For this reason, it is necessary, first of all, to develop concordances of his works and create a complete author's dictionary of his works.
This article is devoted to one of the main problems of not only surgery, but also medicine -sepsis. Despite the development of medicine and diagnostic methods, the issue of timely diagnosis of sepsis remains open. At the same time, about 30% of cases of sepsis remain without bacteriological confirmation. The most urgent problem is considered to be complex and surgical methods of sepsis treatment.