In this article, the phraseological units with numerical components in Hindi are studied in detail. The article analyzes only the phraseological units in which the unit numbers are present. Their specific aspects have been explored. The examples analyzed were divided into groups such as phraseological integrity, phraseological compounding, and phraseological confusion, and different models were developed. The article finds that the phraseological units formed with the participation of unit numbers are mainly active in the number "one", while other numbers are used relatively less in the composition of phraseological units. Phraseologism involving the numbers "one", "two", "four" and "seven" are shown to be expressed in all three groups, unlike the other numbers. When numerical phraseological units are translated from Hindi into Uzbek, numerical lexemes lose their meaning and are often replaced by other words that enhance the meaning, and their specific features are explained in the interpretation of examples. The analysis of numerical component phraseological units in Hindi revealed that there are relatively few expressions specific to the form of the phrase, as well as the relatively frequent use of somatic nouns in phraseological units. In contrast to the examples in the group of other phraseological units were analyzed, it was also found that only the numerical lexemes were present in the examples belonging to the phraseological group.
This article provides information on the concept of numbers in Chinese. The fact that the number is known to be used in various tasks both in science and in everyday life, and the variety of mathematical quantities is also directly related to numbers is reflected in the article from the ancient Chinese example. At the same time, the ancient Chinese prophetic notes were also written about the "writing of the nest". In the article, the scientific research of many Russian and World Scientists on the number has been studied and examples of their views are given.
A separate role of the number is reflected in various semantic changes, nterpretations, which is incidentally incident with the main lexical meaning of language units, and is called the term "cultural consolidations" in the scientific literature. The
current presence of these consonations embodied in the mind of language allows you to distinguish the logical understanding of the concept of a cultural event. It is known that as the numbers rise from heat and in the following row, the
importance of the numbers in language culture is also declined. Only some numbers from the decimal and decimal borders are culturally significant and wide consumption, begin to express a console. Only some of the numbers above dozens in Chinese are symbolic and portable meaning.
Subject of the inquiry: steering wheel of self-driven energetic vehicle means.
Aim of the inquiry: the aim of this inquiry is to rise the stability of the motion and conducting of self-driven means by rational choice of transmission ratio of the steering wheel.
Methods of inquiry : the analytical and experimental research methods are used in the work based on methods of automatic regulation theory.
The results achieved and their novelty: the character of the influence of the transmission ratio quantity on the sensitiveness of the machines the control and stability of the motion are used
The mathematical models for calculation of parameters of the motion of selfdriven energetic means with hydro-huged characters of the steering wheel and the choice of mounting coordinates of carried out hydrocylinders are worked out.
Practical value: the recommendations on the choice of transmission ratio of steering wheel and mounting coordinates of carried-out hydrocylinders rising stability of the motion and improving conduction of self-driven energetic means are worked out.
Mathematical models allowing to realize rational choice of parameters of steering wheel on the stage of project are created.
Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: recommendations on the choice of the quantity of transmission ratio of steering wheel and calculated definition of rational parameters of mounting hydrocylinders of the wheel implement are accepted for the usage in SSC (GAO) "Tashkent Tractor Plant".
Sphere of usage: tractor and agricultural machine-building.
Ҳомилани пренатал ривожланиш даврининг динамик маълумотларига ишлов бериш орқали рационал озиқланиш тизимининг умумий модели келтирилган. Ҳомиладорлик даври 3та триместрга ажратилади. Ҳомиланинг ривожланиш даврида таъсир кўрсатувчи озиқ овқат маҳсулотлари ва витаминлар таркиби меёрлари нормаларидан ҳомиладорнинг холатига мос равишда озиқланиш холати тизимли тахлил этилади.
This article will explore in detail the Hindi unit words “dwigu”. In particular, their linguistic features have been studied. Specific ways of composing words “dwigu” were shown. It has been studied that they consist mainly of two components, that words in both components have a lexical meaning and in some cases “dwigu” words are also formed using affixes. The article found that when the words “dwigu” are formed from numbers “one” is mainly actively used, while relatively few words are formed from other numbers. All analyzed words were shown to include numbers, nouns and in some cases adjectives, all of which were studied through modeling. All words are divided into three main groups recognized in Indian linguistics, namely tatsama, tadbhava and hybrid words and their specific linguistic aspects are analyzed. It was found that the numbers in the first component of the lexemes characteristic of engine words belonging to the tatsama group consisted mainly of numbers from ancient Sanskrit and that examples of the tadbhava group included numbers from units commonly used in modern literary Hindi. It is noticed that the words “dwigu” characteristic of hybrids consist of several numbers belonging to the literary language of Hindi. Also, when interpreting the examples, it was revealed that in some cases, affixes are also part of hybrid words.
In the modern world, the principles of secular society dominate, on the one hand, and on the other, the process of the initial revival of religious consciousness, one of the ancient sources of popular culture. That is why religion has become a social institution on the agenda of many issues related to the role and status of modern society. Issues such as secularism, which implies the free, independent and independent activity of the spheres of public life. In this sense, this article is devoted to the analysis of this complex and controversial social process and its relevance. In the article, the term “secularization” occurs in terms of history and logic: the linguistic meaning of a word, its comparative and critical analysis of its definitions by various authors. At the same time, the objective and subjective factors behind the secularization process were uncovered. Specific examples of the sociocultural life of the West and the East are studied in detail and the content of the term "secularization" is defined. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the views of modern philosophers on this issue, the analysis of theoretical views proposed by various academic schools. General and specific aspects of the description and approach are highlighted, the author’s own views on them are described and definitions of the concept of “secularization” are developed. Based on recent studies, general theoretical conclusions are given. As it is known, the secularization paradigms in the modern world are gradually changing. In this sense, secularization is not a feature of all societies. It should be noted that in the process of change, religious issues are at the center of public debate and, in some cases, at the center of controversy. However, secularization remains the core of the modern world, although religion is likely to occupy a huge space. Based on the above analysis, we can say that the processes of secularization are not based on a specific standard in different societies, and in each society there is a certain limit. Based on historical analysis, modern definition and description, secularization is a complex social process associated with the role of religion in society, and can be replaced by changing the order of religious traditions based on rational principles based on the principle of secularism.
The article deals with the study effective and safe use NAID (non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drugs at patients’ treatment). The rational use NAID will help to guarantee the safety of pharmacotherapy.
The article provides information on the importance of adhering to the rules of targeted diet and rational nutrition, which are important elements of a healthy lifestyle in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension, and the implementation of the DASH diet program. Dietary approach and rational nutrition, which is one of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle, is widely used as a non drug treatment in many diseases of the cardiovascular system, including arterial hypertension. In the development of arterial hypertension, an excess of the recommended amount of salt increases the sensitivity of the resistive vascular wall to pressor factors. The result is an increase in peripheral resistance as well as arteriola tone. As a result, a steady increase in the level of arterial hypertension leads to an increase in the incidence of injuries to the target organs and the occurrence of hypertensive crises.
Соғлом турмуш тарзи тушунчаси кенг маънога эга эканлигини, у жисмоний фаоллик, зарарли одатлар, яъни гиёхвандлик, тамаки (носвой) чекиш, спиртли ичимликлар истеъмол қПлиш ига қарши курашиш ва рационал овкатланиш ахоли ўртасида кенг тарғиб қилиш каби ишларни ўз ичига қамраб олйшини унутмаслиги лозим. Инсон тўлақонли ҳаёт кечириши учун ўз вақтида, меъёрида ва ёшига мос равишда овқатланиши мухим ахамиятга. Чунки овқат, организмнинг мўътадил даражада ушлаб турувчи манба (ёқилғи) ҳисобланади. Аммо биз бу манбадан кўр-кўрона эмас, балки онгли ва илмий асосланган ҳолда фойдаланишимиз керак. Бу барча ёшдаги аҳоли учун жуда зарур ва муҳим. Тиббиёт отаси хисобланмиш Гиппократ "Истеъмол килаётган таомингиз дори вазифасини ўтасин, дорингиз таомдан иборат бўлсин” деб таъкидлаган. Лекин илм - фан хамда техниканинг мисли кўрилмаган даражада ривожланиши ва турмуш фаровонлигини тобора ошиб бориши, асосий хизматларни техника зиммасига юклатилиши аҳоли орасида касаллик келиб чиқиши эҳтимолини кўпайтирмоқда. ПТунинг учун ҳар бир инсон имкон қадар жисмоний фаол бўлишга ва рационал овкатланишга интилмоғи катта муаммога айланиб бормокда.
Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most common and serious diseases, which in the world suffer from 3 to 12% of the child population of the globe. Proportion of adolescents with asthma, is one third of all children with this disease. High prevalence of asthma in the numbers of teenagers, characteristics of the disease, age-related aspects of the functioning of the endocrine and immune systems of teenagers that cause difficulties which arise in the course of the diagnostic process, highlight the need to find innovative approaches to diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
It is known that the key immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the vast majority of AD cases is real and indisputable fact. Currently, considerable interest to researchers involved in the pathogenesis of positions of allergic diseases, especially asthma, along with IL-4 and IL-13 causes a number of other (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-5, INF-a and INF-y) immunoregulatory cytokines.
Genetic predisposition plays an important role in the development of allergic diseases. Currently available data on the relationship with asthma and associated with disease symptoms polymorphism approximately 150 genes. Important role as the main contender for the predisposition to asthma gene is a gene encoding flchain of high affinity receptor IgE. Interaction elevated levels of antigen-specific IgE with FceRip plays a central role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Particularly attractive candidate gene asthma is also one of the enzyme genes biotransformation - GSTirl, encoding glutathione S-transferase and л1 express almost exclusively in the pulmonary tissue. This gene is located at the locus 11 ql 3, for which repeatedly shown clutch with atopic symptoms. Accumulated in the literature say about the relationship of gene polymorphism FceRI, GSTnl with different allergic diseases.
From this perspective, the study of immunological and genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of this disease for the construction of rational treatment and prevention emphasizes the relevance of this thesis research.
From the earliest days of independence, the country has successfully implemented state programs aimed at reforming the health care system. As a result, the targeted implementation of organizational health and research activities aimed at effective diagnosis, prevention and treatment of asthma among adolescents, with some success in the treatment of this disease in the country. However, now the problem of early diagnosis and the development of effective programs for treatment and prevention among adolescents with asthma remain one of the most important issues of modern health care. This research work was carried out in the framework of the tasks set by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On additional measures to improve the health of women and the younger generation," dated 25.01.2002 for the №32. In this regard, the need to deepen the information received about the state of cellular and humoral immunity among adolescents, asking pathogenetic informative immunogcnctic studies in asthma arc one of the important criteria demand the dissertation topic.
Purpose of research is study the immunological and genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of asthma in adolescents and form the basis of this plan rational diagnostic and therapeutic measures in this pathology.
In To achieve this goal the following tasks of research is solved:
to establish the clinical course of asthma in the population of adolescents living in the Samarkand region, in the early stages of the pathological process in the bronchopulmonary system.
explore the features of the state of cellular and humoral immunity, as well as activation markers in asthma in adolescence by determining the immunophenotype of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood.
to examine the level of production of immunorcgulatory cytokine interleukin-6 and interfcron-y and install them pathogenetic informative in asthma among adolescents.
to determine the features of distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of polymorphic variants of genes and FceRip GSTnl population Uzbek people with asthma, compared with the healthy part of the population.
examine the clinical and immunological aspects effectiveness of therapies using drugs and polioksidony tsikloferon in patients with asthma in adolescence.
on the basis of studies to develop a multivariate model of formation of bronchial asthma and develop an optimal algorithm for the diagnosis, treatment, prevention in adolescents with this pathological condition.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research consists in the following:
proposed introduction to the work of doctors teen clinics layered approach testing can significantly improve the detection rate of asthma in adolescence and optimize treatment and preventive measures in high-risk groups;
first defined the peculiar characteristics of the quantitative parameters of the immune status of patients with asthma in the cohort of adolescence and the corresponding proposed regulations and guidance documents for the healthy part of the adolescent population;
for the first time presents a comprehensive assessment of the cytokine profile of blood serum in bronchial asthma in adolescents. Specific features of products immunorcgulatory cytokines IL-6 and INF-y and their pathogenetic and regulatory information content in asthma among adolescents;
first analyzed the distribution of alleles and genotypes of polymorphic gene variants and gene FceRip GSTirl among patients with different phenotypic variants of AD and healthy individuals of Uzbek nationality, which resulted in the identified markers of increased risk or, conversely, resistance to the development of asthma in adolescents Uzbek ethnicity;
algorithms for phase diagnosis, treatment and prevention of asthma in adolescence in terms of disclosure of important moments of the pathogenesis of the disease, allowing to build a rational sequence of diagnostic search, aimed at verifying the diagnosis and expedient construction of preventive measures.
Conclusion
1. Set the frequency of occurrence of the disease and the structure of "asthma" in the arid zone among teens. Said pathology is recorded in 9,6% of the population surveyed adolescents, while the disease is more common among females. In the structure of the disease prevails periodical exposure and mild persistent form.
2. Identified by clinical features of asthma among adolescents living in the arid zone, indicate a high frequency of lesions of the bronchial tree association with allergic processes in other organs and tissues: in 73,9% of the AR, 53,7% with AK. 16,6% with BA and 14% with urticaria/angiocdcma.
3. Found that in the study population of patients with asthma adolescence occur expressed disturbances of the immune status, manifested deficit indicators as cell (CD3‘, CD4+, CD8 , CD16+), and humoral immunity (CD19 , IgA, IgG, IgM) and activation markers (CD23+, CD95). The immune status of patients with asthma in young people, adolescence has distinctive features, the depth of detected violations immunoreactivity was most pronounced in the younger age group.
4. In patients with bronchial asthma in adolescence revealed distinct changes in cell-cell interactions in the immune system: a significant increase in the content of Th2-cclls secreted IL-6 is a regulator of maturation of antibodies and immunoglobulin production itself, and vice versa reducing regulator activity of Th 1-cell cytokine INF-y.
5. It was found that the contents of cytokines IL-6, INF-y and in the peripheral blood is in communication with one pathogenic disease. It is shown that the lowest level of INF-y production in the scrum is characteristic of allergic clinical pathogenic variant asthma in adolescence. Adolescents suffering from predominantly infectious form of asthma, there is a sharp trend towards increased production of IL-6 in peripheral blood.
6. Revealed that markers of increased risk of allergic forms of asthma in adolescents Uzbek ethnicity arc genotype FceRip-109T/T allele FceRip-109T, low-risk markers - FcsRip-109C/C and allele Fc£Rip-109C. A high degree of cohesion genotype FcsRip-109T/T allele and FcsRip-109T with hereditary burden of asthma in the Uzbek population.
7. Among females ethnic Uzbek Association revealed lie-105 allele and genotype Ilc-105/Ilc-105 polymorphic gene locus GSTkI at high risk for asthma. Revealed that the genotype associated with the development Ilc-105/Ilc-105 allergic form of asthma in adolescents Uzbek population.
8. Complex therapy with adolescents’ patients with asthma ciklofcron and polyoxidonium, providing immunocorrective effect, enhances the clinical efficacy of basic therapy. In the study of prophylactic efficacy of immunomodulators positive indicators prevailed in the group of patients receiving polioksidony, necessitating its inclusion in the priority scheme of integrated treatment and prevention of asthma in adolescents.
There are two types of affixing – prefixing and suffixing in modern Chinese. Suffix words are formed by adding a semantic morpheme and a suffix. It should be noted that in modern Chinese the number of morphemes acting as suffixes in the formation of nouns is not much. However, they stand out for their productivity. The suffixes 子 “zi” and 儿 “er” in modern Chinese are considered one of such suffix morphemes. This article is devoted to the study of the features of the formation of nouns by 子 “zi” and 儿 “er” suffixes in modern Chinese. For the purpose of disclosure of the goal, the author refers to various sources, reveals common and characteristic features only corresponding to the suffix, explores the grammatical features of the lexical units formed by the 子 “zi” and 儿 “er” suffixes and presents conclusion on this topic, justifying each of them with corresponding examples. It was revealed that two, three and four-syllable words are formed by these suffixes; the nouns are formed by combination of 子 “zi” and 儿 “er” with certain verbs, adjectives, countable words, numerals; several constructions including these suffixes were identified. There are many similar features in using the suffixes 子 “zi” and 儿 “er”, which are described in this article. However, there are also significant differences, for example, the suffix 子 “zi” combined with nominal roots with the meaning of objectivity forms words with abstract concepts. And the suffix 儿 “er” sometimes forms words with a dismissive, derogatory meaning and words with the suffix 子 “zi” acquire a caressing shade. According to the study, it was revealed that in Chinese, affixing words are mainly formed by means of suffixing, the degree of use of prefixing is limited. With the help of suffixing a large number of nouns and verbs, as well as adverbs are formed. With the help of prefixation, only ordinal numerals and a limited number of nouns are formed.
This article analyzes the etymology numerative lexemes of Hindi specific to Indo-aryan languages. All analyzed examples were studied such types as tadbhava, tatsama and vidshi, recognized in Indian linguistics and their specific semantic features were shown. Aspects of some numeratives equal to other numerative words have also been identified. It has been studied that lexemes belonging to most numeratives have other semantic properties in addition to their own meaning, i.e. they also have the phenomenon of homonymy. All the samples analyzed were found to belong to 3 groups, namely, weight, length, land area, and their specific expressions were studied. The etymological study of numerative lexemes revealed that only one group, the numerative words per unit length, existed in both tadbhava, tatsama, and videshi types. It has also been found that there are several forms of examples of some numeratives and that there are differences in their application. In particular, it is emphasized that many numerative words belonging to the tatsama and tadbhava types were widely used in ancient times and are still widely used today. Different aspects of the use of lexemes specific to some numeratives are also shown.
This article examines the linguistic and cultural semantics of two numbers in Chinese. The development of numbers in Chinese is based on the influence of Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, national culture and worldview, as well as linguistic and cultural features of numbers. The study of the role and meaning of numbers in the linguistic landscape of the Chinese world through the study of the equivalence of numerological numbers and symbols in Ancient China is an urgent problem today.
In this article the theorem about asymptotic normality of statistics – U built when the number of sample is random quantity. In case when the independence of the size of sample is not assumed from results of observation in any i, though is assumed in , where order of numbers in and is positive random variables.
Ушбу мақолада прагматонимлар таркибига кирувчи машҳур бренд номларининг шаклланиш асослари ёритилди. Топонимлар, мева номлари, асосида шаклланган, таркибидаги элементлари номидан олинган бренд номлари, маҳсулот таъсир кўрсатадиган касаллик номи билан боғлиқ бренд номлари, сонлар асосида шаклланган бренд номлари, мифологик номлар асосида шаклланган бренд номларининг ижтимоий, психологик ва лингвистик омиллари аниқланди