At present, the cerebral circulation disorder is caused by various factors. According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 62876 cases of strokes were registered in Uzbekistan in 2019. 15% acquired lethal outcome, 10-15% returned to their previous state, 55 - 70% became disabled. Stroke is translated from the Latin language as a "stroke" which means an acute cerebral circulation disorder. Regardless of the cause of cerebral circulation disorder, the result is always the same - the death of brain neurons. The most common cause is atherosclerosis on the inner walls of blood vessels that supply the brain. They narrow the blood vessels and make them less flexible. In this case, the probability of clogging the blood vessels with blood clots increases, as a result, the blood vessels cannot supply blood to the brain.
This study was on social anxiety disorder and it influence on the student’s attitude toward learning in the University of Bamenda. Specifically, the study examined the extent to which fear of the unknown and shyness influence students’ attitudes toward learning in the University of Bamenda. A cross sectional survey research design was used for this study. The sample size was 155 students selected from three faculties. The purposive sampling technique was used to select students who were suffering from social anxiety disorder. A questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. In data processing, a pre-designed EpiData Version 3.1 database which has in-built consistency and validation checks was used to enter the data. Further consistency, data range and validation checks was performed in SPSS version 21.0 to identify invalid codes. The data was analyzed using frequency counts, percentages and spearman rho test to establish the relationship between the social anxiety disorder and students’ attitude toward learning. The findings of the study showed that there was a significant, moderate and positive relationship between fear of the unknown and student’s attitude toward learning (P<0.001). Equally, there was a significant, strong and negative relationship between fear and attitude toward learning (P<0.001). The study concluded that social anxiety disorder proved to be a negative influence student’s attitude toward learning in the University of Bamenda.
Hemorrhagic stroke among acute cerebral circulatory disorders is characterized by severe neurological complications and the need to choose between surgical intervention or therapeutic therapy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO)". Globally, stroke deaths will reach 7.8 million by 2030 unless an aggressive global response to the epidemic is put in place" 1. Subarachnoid haemorrhage, which accounts for half of the non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage, affects the most active and able-bodied population. The most important medical and social objectives are to monitor the course of the disease from the first hours after the onset of stroke, to prescribe adequate treatment in a timely manner, and to reduce mortality and disability rates [5,9].
Cardiovascular pathology and acute cerebrovascular accident (ACV) are in first and second place, respectively, as the causes of mortality in the structure of general mortality of the population. In this regard, interest in the issues of cerebral blood flow disorders does not weaken all over the world, more and more new aspects of this problem are being considered. CVA is a widespread pathology in the world and according to the WHO “... about 17.5 million people die every year from cerebrovascular diseases in the world, which is 30% of mortality from all diseases ...”. The most severe form of vascular pathology of the brain is a stroke. In European countries, mortality from stroke varies from 63.5 to 273.4 people per 100,000 population per year. About 85-88% of cerebral strokes are ischemic in nature. Ischemic stroke in developed countries ranks first as a cause of permanent disability. Movement disorders of varying severity are the most common and severe consequences of strokes.
Purpose of research. To assess the impact of the severity of motor disorders in children with cerebral palsy on nutritional status.
Materials and methods of research. The study included 102 children with cerebral palsy aged 2 to 17 years, 60 boys (58.8%) and 42 girls (41.2%). The average age of the children was 7.23 ± 4.9 years. Patients were ranked by age group in accordance with the age classification of the GMFCS scale. All children underwent a comprehensive clinical and neurological examination, nutritional status assessment, and anthropometry (measurement of shoulder circumference and plicometry). During anthropometry, the control group included 30 healthy children with an average age of 7.7±4.2 years.
Results. It was found that with an increase in the severity of motor disorders, the number of children with protein-energy deficiency increases from 50% at level I to 100% at level V on the GMFCS scale (the significance of differences in Pearson's Chi-square was confirmed statistically: 9.32, p = 0.002069). At the same time, a severe degree of protein-energy insufficiency was observed mainly in double hemiplegia (amounting to 40.9%). Prognostically, cerebral palsy was the most favorable type of spastic hemiparesis and spastic diplegia, with a predominance of protein-energy insufficiency of a mild degree, amounting to 45.8% and 60%, respectively. In 71.6% of cases (n=73), children with cerebral palsy were diagnosed with oral-motor dysfunction of varying severity, problems with food consumption and, as a result, a noticeable lag in anabolic processes. Statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of feeding difficulties in children with levels I and V of motor abilities (Pearson's Chi-square: 20.12, p = 0.000005).
The aim of the research was the evaluation of the physical development of patients with cerebral palsy based on the study of their nutritional status. To solve this goal, 128 children with various forms of cerebral palsy and 20 healthy children aged from 3 to 14 years were examined. The assessment of physical development was carried out using the following anthropometric parameters: weight, height, measurement of the circumference of the upper and lower extremities, determination of the thickness of the skin-fat fold, the calculation of the Rohrer, Pignet, Vervak indices. It was found that in children with cerebral palsy, along with a decrease in the growth rate of muscle mass, the absence of significant changes in the severity of subcutaneous adipose tissue, various variants of disharmonious types of development with characteristic anthropometric features were observed.
The paper presents the results of our own studies of the cerebral (arterial and venous) hemodynamic state with duplex scanning of the neck vessels, transcranial dopplerography of the cerebral vessels in patients with vertebro-basilar insufficiency. The study of venous blood flow characteristic of patients with venous encephalopathy revealed increased diameter of the internal jugular vein, increased blood flow rate and decreased pulsatility index of the basal Rosenthal vein, increased LVBF (linear velocity of blood flow) and diameter of the vertebral vein
The current research aims to identify the level of mood disorder among students with learning difficulties in special education classes and the level of mood disorder among students with learning difficulties according to the variable of the school stage (third grade, fourth grade). The research sample was selected randomly, consisting of (101) students of the third and fourth grades (special education) in government primary schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in Babylon governorate. To achieve the two objectives of the study, the researcher prepared a mood disorder scale and applied it to the students of the research sample. After confirming the indications of honesty and consistency, the data were collected and analyzed using (SPSS) The results of the current research indicated that there are significant differences between the arithmetic mean and the hypothetical average and in favor of the arithmetic mean of the recent research sample; which shows a clear correlation between mood disorders and learning difficulties among special education students in the third and fourth grades of primary (special education).
The brain organic defect, which forms the basis of cerebral palsy, occurs early, during the incomplete process of formation of the main structures and mechanisms of the brain, which causes a complex combined structure of neurological and mental disorders. The degree of mental disorders varies from mild disorders in the emotional sphere to severe intellectual underdevelopment. The peculiar- ity of mental development in cerebral palsy is not only its slow pace, but also its uneven nature. In recent years, microcurrent reflexo - therapy (MTRT) has been widely used to correct motor and coordination disorders in this group of patients.
Children's disability is not only a medical, but also a social problem and concerns all family members of a disabled child and the State as a whole. The article presents data on the influence of various groups of factors on the development of cerebral palsy, and also describes the pathogenetic features of its formation. The analysis of risk factors in 60 children with cerebral palsy was carried out. The role of a combination of several risk factors in the chronic course of the disease has been established.