In the early religious ideas, a specific interpretation of the nature surrounding man, the laws of his appearance and development, was given. In the works of Chingiz Aitmatov, the unity of man and nature is expressed in folk philosophy and in the means of universal values. Through animalistic images, the writer tries to immerse in the imagination of every person deep knowledge about the world of animals and plants, teaches that without the world of plants and animals, a person can not live, nature is not created only for people, but also to respect it as a universal independent value outside of society.
Fiction as a type of arts possesses with its distinguishing features. The palette of the descriptive-expressive resources include the depiction processes of the nature. The author, referring to the nature, deals with the various forms of its presence in the literary work through the mythological presentation of its power and influence on the human-being, its poetic embodiment, description of animals, which have the human-beings related features, plants, as well as the landscape descriptions in the process of depicting of the local neighborhoods. At its early stages, the folklore of the Korean people possessed with the mythological power of nature, including poor landscape descriptions, which were personalized and actively lived in the lives of human-beings. The description of nature become more acceptable, losing that “beaty”, which was seen as main composition principle of description of the nature such as hyperbolizm. So, it is clearly seen a tendency to the individualization of the tractate about the nature, which influences on the heroes in their trials to comprehend properly the surrounding world, and define their own places in the natural circle. The Korean literature transfers the nature through the traditional images, such as the mountain, the pine tree, moon, and through the depiction of the seasons of the year and the time of the days. The pine tree and mountain are seen as the natural phenomenon, which feel the loneliness. These phenomenon are the subjects of the environment, which create the whole unity with the surrounding world of the human-beings. Such unclearness of the lines between the human-being and nature are the harmonious unity of a human-being and a world. Usually the depiction of the mountain, water, moon and etc. where the action takes its place. Due to the Dao’s visions it prevails the benevolent peacefulness, averting from nature from the routine life, in order to get the harmony with the nature. In the whole it is to acknowledge that the Korean prose of XVII – XVIII centuries, the authors come to the depiction of nature, without the deep details of descriptions. Factually, the nature did not play that role, which was related with the revealing process of the emotional world of story-telling. Here, it is being transferred as the “calling” phrases, it generally demonstrates the emotional background of the literary work. So, the gist based features of the Korean prose of XVII – XVIII centuries very clearly proves about the cosmologic idea of relation to the nature, including a special vision of nature and laws.
Ushbu maqola ma’naviy-ma’rifiy tarbiya g‘oyasining targ‘ibotchisi, jadid ma’rifatparvari Abulla Avloniyning ilm ma’rifat yo‘lida olib borgan ilmiy-ijodiy faoliyati yoritilgan.
Since аncient times, the greаt thinkers, scholаrs, philosophers аnd poets of Centrаl Аsiа hаve аlwаys been interested in the problems of mаn, in pаrticulаr the problems of humаn behаvior. For this reаson, it is difficult to find аny scholаr in the history of socio-philosophicаl аnd ethicаl considerаtions of Centrаl Аsiа who did not pаy аttention to ethics аnd educаtion. Every scholаr, be it а theologiаn, а nаturаlist, а philosopher, а writer, or а poet, eаch hаs his or her own views on morаl mаtters, but hаs done reseаrch in а pаrticulаr аreа of morаlity. The historicаl roots of these studies hаve а long history. In the sociаl views of philosophers, such cаtegories аs humаn educаtion аnd morаlity were аt the top. This аrticle аnаlyzes the ethicаl views of medievаl versаtile thinker Jorullаkh Mаhmoud Zаmаkhshаri. The аrticle contаins informаtion on Mаkhmud Zаmаkhshаri's sociаl аnd morаl views through his own works, his own sermons, аnd his works, which аre compiled аnd clаssified by prophets, hаdiths, Compаnions, Monuments, Аmirs, Poets, Imаges, Stories, аnd Reminders is done. Eаch of the ideаs presented in these works is relevаnt not only to their own time, but аlso to the аctuаl issues thаt hаve existed for more thаn а century. The morаl ideаs presented in these exhortаtions аre lаrgely contrаsted with the teаchings of Mаkhmud Zаmаkhshаri. It is аlso highlighted thаt the upbringing of а morаlly mаture person is one of the аctuаl issues of our time.
This scholarly article examines the life and creative biography of the famous Afghan writer and literary scholar, researcher Ghulam Ghaws Khaybari, and covers a wide range of information about the author that is still known. His time at Delhi University in India and his tenure as director of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Radio speaker and the «Pashtun Jag» (Voice of Pashtun) magazine are widely covered. Ghulam Gavs Khaybari is known as a Pashto – speaking writer and his works of art are studied throughout his career. It discusses the main ideas of the work of art and the problems it raises. The article also provides a detailed list of Ghulam Gavs Khaybari's previously published works of art and research.
The modernist image in the Kafkaesque style for the spiritual isolation of the protagonist, created by a
terrible and disgusting appearance
This article is based on the principles of formation and development of New Age Vietnamese short stories. In it we can see the peculiarities of the Vietnamese short story of the early twentieth century, in particular, several short stories by Fam Zyui Ton, and get acquainted with new directions in the writer's work. Also, in the process of analyzing the short stories, it is obvious that the writer tried to beautifully and skillfully depict the spiritual and cultural values, traditions and customs of Vietnam through each of his works. In the context of active literary relations, it is very important for every nation to preserve its identity in the conflict of influences. Because as a result of the influence of such universal literary relations, the literary trends and currents that emerged in the West had a great influence on the Vietnamese novel within the framework of artistic thinking. At the same time, the Vietnamese writer Pham Zui Ton, who wrote in the second half of the twentieth century, wisely used modern trends and artistic expression to create new stories and short stories that were in line with the Vietnamese people's worldview, national characteristics, lifestyle, values and even important aspects of religious thought. is one of the writers. In this article, several stories by Fam Zyui Ton are analyzed using examples. All the examples involved in the analysis further reveal the diversity of creative methods and directions, as well as the specificity of the creative style. After all, the scenes of life depicted in each work, interpersonal relationships, their dialogues, as well as the writer's unique artistic style are very natural and sincere. The study of the principles of formation and development of the Vietnamese novella of the new period helped us to identify, understand, and distinguish between the changes in Vietnamese literature of that period, the first half of the twentieth century, the renewal of the literary process, the peculiarities of traditional realism and romanticism. allows you to visualize the literary environment.
The article discusses the story-writing skills of Elbek, who made a significant contribution to the development of our national literature. The author’s stories published in magazines such as “Maorif va o‘qitg‘uvchi”, “Yer yuzi”, “Qishloqqa sayohat”, “Kelgusinin quyoshi”, “Kuzatishda”, “Yangi turmush izlovchi”, “Moshoqchi Erbota”, “Jadidchi Qoravoy” are not found in current publications analyzed. In the story “Qishloqqa sayohat” the village turned into ruins and the reasons for it, in the story “Kelgusining quyoshi” a boy reading a book at night, in the story “Kuzatishda” a child studying at a new modern school and being objected by his father, in the story “Yangi turmush izlovchi” the life of Kahhorkhoja, who loves a new, easy life, In the story “Moshoqchi Erbo‘ta”, the life of Erbota, whose business was not in the hands of the rich, and in the story “Jadidchi Qoravoy”, the thoughts about Karavoy, the son of a rich merchant, were analyzed and scientific conclusions were drawn.