In this article, together with the scientific study of the event, which attracts more and more attention from the international community, under the name of "Peaceful Rise of China", also revealed the issues associated with the analysis of some of the obvious attitudes of the People’s Republic of China (the PRC) in international politics, where we can see the strong impact of the national mentality of this country.
Бугунги кунда рақамли технологиялар дунё давлатларига, жамият ҳаётининг барча соҳаларига жадал кириб боряпти. Иқтисодиётни рақамлашуви тараққиётнинг муҳим омили бўлмоқда. Мамлакатимизда ҳам рақамли иқтисодиётни ривожлантириш энг муҳим вазифага айланган. 2020 йил “Илм-маърифат ва рақамли иқтисодиётни ривожлантириш йили” деб эълон қилинди. Шу муносабат билан давлат раҳбарининг парламентга
қилган мурожаатномасида мамлакатни 2020 йил ва кейинги беш йилга ривожлантириш мақсадлари белгилаб берилди
Мақолада давлат бюджетининг ижтимоий-иқтисодий аҳамияти, уни миллий иқтисодиётда тутган ўрни ва роли борасида илмий тадқиқотлар олиб борилган. Давлат бюджетининг макроиқтисодий сиёсатдаги ўрни юзасидан хорижий ва маҳаллий олимларнинг илмий хулосалари тизимлаштирилган. Уларга нисбатан муаллифлик ёндашувлари ишлаб чиқилган. Олиб борилган тадқиқотлар асосида илмий хулосалар шакллантирилган.
The article analyzes the Treasury system in the budget execution of developed countries. In the countries of France, Great Britain, Italy, the USA, proposals were developed with scientific feedback on the role and importance of the Treasury. In particular, the history of the organization of the treasury in France, the distribution of its functions between the State Treasury and the State Accounting Service, the collection of all financial resources on a single account of the treasury are revealed. In addition, the rights of the State Treasury and personnel issues are being organized. UK Treasury, explains their composition. The dynamics of budget execution in Italy was analyzed and the possibilities of attracting investors to Italy were studied. The role of the Treasury in the USA, its structure, functions of departments operating in the system are analyzed. The role of the Treasury in accounting for all types of financial assets and government debts in the US treasury system has been studied. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn and scientific and practical proposals were developed
Surunkali beqarorliklar natijasida Afg‘oniston iqtisodiyoti og‘ir tushkunlikni boshidan kechirmoqda. Bir necha yillar davomida xalqaro hamjamiyat tomonidan ushbu davlatning iqtisodiyotini tiklash va siyosiy barqarorlikni ta’minlash bo‘yicha bir qancha yordam va ko‘maklar taqdim etilishiga qaramay, ko‘zlangan natijaga erishilmadi va 2021-yilning avgust oyida Afg‘oniston toliblar nazoratiga o‘tdi. Ushbu maqolada Afg‘onistonda hokimiyat tepasiga toliblar kelish fonida O‘zbekiston tashqi siyosiy vektorida iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy, geosiyosiy o‘zgarishlar, o‘zaro munosabatlarning istiqbollari, oqibatlari, imkoniyatlari o‘rganiladi va tahlil qilinadi.
Урушдан кейинги йилларда республика иқтисодиётининг барча тармоқлари сезиларли даражада ривожланиб борди. Натижада аҳолининг моддий турмуш шароити ҳам анча яхшиланиб, ижтимоий муаммолари ҳал қилина бошлади. Асосий вазифа урушнинг бутун оғирлигини елкасига олган халқнинг турмушини фаровонлаштириш, ишчилар, хизматчилар, инженертехник ходимлар ва уларнинг оилаларга моддий ва маиший хизмат кўрсатишни яхшилаш зарур эди. Айниқса уй-жой қурилиши, мавжуд уй-жой фондларини таъмирлаш зарурати шу даврнинг долзарб вазифалардан бири эди. Хусусан шу даврда жанубий областларининг шаҳар аҳолисини уй-жой билан таъминлаш масаласида ҳам анчагина ишлар амалга оширилди.
Бугунги кунда ҳуқуқни муҳофаза қилувчи органлар фаолиятини ташкил этишда рақамли технологиялардан фойдаланиш муҳим аҳамият касб этмоқда. Боиси, рақамлаштириш орқали маълумотларни сақлаш,ўзаро алмашиш ҳамда кенг жамоатчиликка қисқа фурсатда етказиш бирмунча қулай тарзда олиб борилади. Хусусан, содир этилган ҳуқуқбузарликларни таснифлашда, далилларга баҳо беришда, ишларни судда кўришда, жиноятларнинг олдини олишда рақамли технологиялардан фойдаланиш ҳал қилувчи аҳамият касб этмоқда.
In this article, the conceptual and doctrinal foundations of the ideas of non-use of force and ensuring peace in the foreign policy of Uzbekistan are investigated in chronological order. The foreign policy of Uzbekistan is, first of all, a course aimed at ensuring vital tasks, primarily for the state and society. Uzbekistan's foreign policy strategy is primarily aimed at ensuring integration into the world community. The deepening of the country's integration into the world community in the current difficult conditions of international relations is an important task facing the foreign policy of Uzbekistan. The conceptual idea of foreign policy and foreign policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the indivisibility of security and joint and partnership actions to ensure it. The problem of national and regional security occupies an important place in Uzbekistan's foreign policy. One of the main tasks in the foreign policy of Uzbekistan was the formation of a system of regional security, which is necessary both for the republics of Central Asia and for the vast geographical area bordering the region. Another advanced idea for Uzbekistan's foreign policy is the postulate that the problems of the Central Asian region should be solved without the intervention of external forces and only by the countries of the region. Given all this, the cornerstone of Uzbekistan's foreign policy remains the non-use of force and the threat of force, and the maintenance and observance of peace. The article examines the changes occurring in the foreign policy of Uzbekistan, their regulatory consolidation, guidelines for the short, medium and long-term perspective, and on the basis of this, a number of scientific conclusions and practical recommendations are given.
This article reveals the essence of the policy of applying pardon during the reign of Amir Timur from a humane point of view in relation to persons who committed an act against him, as well as the use of the institution of pardon in the criminal policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as a bright institution of humanity.
SUMMARY
This article is devoted to the definition of the functions and importance of the application of the institution of pardon in persons who have committed crimes and sincerely repented of their deeds and firmly stood the path of correction. Special attention in the study to a deep study of the historical origin and humane conditions of the application of the institution of pardon since the time of Amir Timur.
A pardon in social and legal terms reflects the endless complexity of social life, the practical impossibility of fully fulfilling all the prohibitions under pain of criminal punishment. Pardons and amnesty reflect the existing gap between the declared legal ideals and the practice of their observance. They are probably rooted in the depths of human consciousness, along with the moral and ethical concepts of repentance and forgiveness, forgiveness and mercy, which are of great importance in religious ethnic systems.
It should be emphasized that this article contains the history of the existence of pardon in Ancient Rome, as well as the existence of amnesty, the direct relationship and difference between pardon and amnesty.
This article reveals examples of the adoption of the institution of pardon by Amir Timur himself in relation to persons who have committed acts against him. The author deeply analyzed the cases applied by the institution of pardon during the reign of Amir Timur, based on the "Code of Amir Timur". It is worth noting that the article directly reveals the history of the origin of this work and thanks to whom and how we got the copies of this precious work written by Amir Timur himself. This article also reveals the principles of government of Amir Timur not only by strictness, but also by justice and mercy.
The reforms carried out by Amir Timur in the judicial and legal sphere of the state also deserve special attention. The introduction of the position of judge or kaziy for the army, directly, contributed to the further development of the military court in judicial practice.
The article widely uses the use of the institution of pardon in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as one of the most important areas of criminal policy. Serious work has been done to determine the importance and role of applying the institution of pardon not only in criminal policy, but also in modern society and the state.
Oliy ta’lim tizimi doimiy o‘zgarishlar holatida: ta’lim tashkilotlari joylashgan huquqiy soha o‘zgarib bormoqda, ta’lim standartlari, ta’lim texnologiyalari o‘zgarmoqda, ta’lim xizmatlari iste’molchilarining o‘zlari va ularning zamonaviy oliy ta’lim haqidagi g‘oyalari o‘zgarmoqda. Ta’lim tashkilotlari iste’molchilarni jalb qilishning turli usullaridan foydalanadilar, ular orasida marketing vositalari birinchi o‘rinda turadi. Ta’lim dasturlarini shakllantirish jarayonida universitetlar marketing tadqiqotlari orqali olinishi mumkin bo‘lgan iste’molchilar xatti-harakatlarining omillari, motivlari va o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari to‘g‘risida ma’lumotga muhtoj. Ta’lim xizmatlari bozorini marketing tadqiqotlari natijalari oliy o‘quv yurtini strategik boshqarish, shuningdek turli marketing dasturlarini ishlab chiqishda tezkor boshqarish uchun asos bo‘ladi: ta’lim muassasasini ta’lim xizmatlari bozorida targ‘ib qilish dasturlari, talabalar va talabalarni jalb qilish va saqlash dasturlari, narx va assortiment siyosatini shakllantirish. Maqola mintaqaviy farqlarni hisobga olgan holda universitetning ta’lim xizmatlari iste’molchilarining xatti-harakatlari bo‘yicha marketing tadqiqotlarining uslubiy yondashuvlari va natijalariga bag‘ishlangan. Maqolada muallif tomonidan ta’lim muassasasini tanlash omillari va o‘qitish yo‘nalishini tahlil qilish natijalari keltirilgan, ta’lim muassasalari tomonidan narx siyosatini shakllantirish tamoyillari ko‘rib chiqilgan, O‘zbekiston oliy o‘quv yurtlarida o‘qish narxini mintaqaviy tahlil qilish natijalari keltirilgan. Tadqiqot bazasi sifatida muallif tomonidan turli Toshkent universitetlarida o‘tkazilgan dala tadqiqotlari natijalari, oliy o‘quv yurtlarining rasmiy veb-saytlari, “Reutor” reyting agentligi, “IMTIHON” loyihasi, moliya vazirligining rasmiy veb-sayti kabi ixtisoslashtirilgan manbalarni tahlil qilish asosida kabinet tadqiqotlari natijalari ishlatilgan.