This article is devoted to highlighting the place of the city of Tashkent in foreign trade relations in the second half of the 19th century based on materials from the archive. For this purpose, information about the importance of internal and external trade of the city of Tashkent is analyzed, the list of goods sent to domestic and foreign trade, the cost of goods, the number of goods, duties levied on these goods using the example of documents stored in the National Archives of Uzbekistan. It is known that the city of Tashkent has become one of the special links in the active trade center of the Great Silk Road since ancient times. Tashkent was a special city leading caravan trade besides with the regions of cattle-breeding nomads of Eurasia, intensively conducted trade and economic relations with the khanates of Central Asia, as well as with close and distant foreign countries, including China, the European and Siberian parts of Russia, East Turkestan, Semirechye. Craftsmen who lived in specialized makhallas, depending on their occupation for the production of certain goods, played an important role in the trade relations of the city of Tashkent. Therefore, the Tashkent residents, depending on their occupation, were called mahallas with the same names. For example, "pichakchi" - knife makers, "misgarlik" - copper casting, "sagban" - psari, "ukchi" - arrows, "konchi" - tanners, "degrizon" - boiler makers, "egarchi" - saddle makers, etc. .d. During the period under review, the bulk of Tashkent residents lived in country estates. For example, residents of the Sebzor mahalla lived in Yunusabad, Khasanbai, Kokterak, residents of the Shaikhantakhur mahalla lived in Kokche, as well as in the direction of Salar-Karasu, Beshagach residents lived in the Chopanata-Kani-Dombirabad quarters, etc. and were engaged in gardening and brought the essential fruits to foreign trade. Rabats located around the city of Tashkent played a special role in carrying out the order of foreign trade operations, in solving the problems that arose in the collection of duties and heraj. Merchants from other countries stopped in caravanserais and their goods were stored in them, and wholesale trade was also carried out here. This is considered as proof that foreign trade played a special place in the economic life of the city of Tashkent. The article analyzes information about the number of caravans, the value of goods exported abroad, their quantity, transportation of goods, information about customs duties.
The article examines general issues of the international division of labor, the formation and development of a system of regulation of the international division of labor, taking into account the development of interna- tional trade.
This article describes the economic significance of the balance of payments and the need to compile it. The evolution of theoretical views on the balance of payments and their basic rules have been analyzed.
The law-making activity of International labour organization as an international subject of law was studied in this article. The classification of direct and indirect participation of International Labour Organization in the law-making process was admitted by scientists. The law-making activity was classified on the assumption of the ideas expressed by researchers according to direct law-making activity and of the legal basis of ILO. Conventions and recommendations as main acts adopted by ILO, their differentiations in terms of a legal nature, the participation of the main bodies of ILO in working out and adopting of this acts and the impact of the tripartism principle of the organization on the process of law-making activity were analysed. The distinctive features of the law-making activity of ILO from the activity of other organizations were revealed.
This article analyzes the views on international politics and missionary interaction in the context of globalization. The article also describes the ideological support and ensuring state sovereignty in some countries, as well as the encroachment on the constitutional system as a result of a mission led by international political centers around the world. It is evident that the missionaries are mobilizing huge investments in the struggle for ideological landfills. At the same time, it is clear that the missionary often follows brutal and destructive ideas in pursuit of well-defined political goals. As a result of these actions, under the guise of providing “free” aid to the economically backward states, it is seen as a secret manifestation of open interference with the internal affairs of some independent states
It is known from history that two fraternal peoples are connected by one language, the sacred Islamic religion, traditions and customs, and the invaluable heritage of great figures. Even when there is no border between the two countries, it is well known that the great representatives of our people have created a great heritage of culture, history and science in the territory of modern Afghanistan and this heritage is a common property. In this sense, a new page of relations between two countries is now emerging. The nearly half-century war in Afghanistan indicates that this land has become the heartland of world politics ever since. Afghanistan remains a main point in the field of competition for the geopolitical maneuvers of the region and its conflicting interests. Nowadays, this is the result of geopolitical struggle in which there are different views on achieving peace in the Afghan land. However, it should be noted that Uzbekistan has some of the most current approaches and its pragmatic and constructive views on the peace process in Afghanistan that differ from other powers. Uzbekistan is a only country bordered all Central Asian states as well as Afghanistan. Such a geostrategic axiom will lead to the recognition of Uzbekistan’s role in the Afghan peace process. This article analyzes the political, trade, economic, cultural and humanitarian relations of modern Uzbekistan and Afghanistan and their features. In particular, the article shows relations with the government of Afghanistan, Tashkent International Conference on Afghanistan, negotiations with the leadership of the Taliban political office, “Mazar-e-Sharif-Heart” railroad, “Termiz cargo” international export logistics center, “Mazar-e-Sharif-Kabul-Peshawar” railroad, “Surkhan-Puli Khumri” power plant, “Uzbekistan-Afghanistan” Friendship Society, Training Center for Afghan Citizens, International Scientific Conference on Afghanistan and other many practical works.
The article deals with the ways of perfection of norms of the criminal legislation of Uzbekistan providing the liability for children traffic.
Илк ўрта асрларда суғд, хоразм аҳолисининг халқаро муносабатларда ва савдо-иқтисодий алоқаларда моҳир инсонлар бўлганлигига оид маълумотлар тарихий манба ва адабиётларда сақланиб қолинган.
Шаҳарлар йирик савдо марказлари сифатида ҳам муҳим аҳамият касб этган. XVIII асрнинг иккинчи ярми – ХХ аср бошларида шаҳар аҳолиси асосий қисмининг асосий машғулоти савдо-сотиқ эди. Воҳадаги энг йирик савдо шаҳри бўлган Қарши бутун Бухоро амирлигининг савдо алоқаларида катта ўрин тутган. Қарши шаҳри катта карвон йўлининг чорраҳасида жойлашганлиги туфайли бу йўл орқали шаҳар шарқ ва ғарб, жануб ва шимолий ўлкалар ва мамлакатлар билан доимий алоқада бўлган. Қарши шаҳри Бухоро воҳасини Шаҳрисабз ва Ҳисор билан боғлаб турувчи Бухоро амирлигидаги муҳим аҳамиятга эга шаҳар ҳисобланади.
В статье раскрыты закономерности и особенности международных торгово-экономических связей Республики Узбекистан при интеграции экономики в мировой рынок капитала. Обоснованы концептуальные подходы расширения внешнеэкономического сотрудничества Республики Узбекистан с мировыми и региональными державами, странами СНГ и ЕАЭС, ШОС, а также с международными финансовыми институтами, ведущими иностранными компаниями и банками. Раскрыта эффективность реализации Стратегии действий по пяти приоритетным направлениям развития Республики Узбекистан в 2017-2021 годах..
В настоящее время понятие «глобализация» используется для определения процессов и изменений, происходящих в сферах экономики, политики, социальной среды, культуры, раскрывающих интересы мирового сообщества. При этом важно отметить масштабность значения социальных связей и отношений, нередко рассматриваемых даже на самых ранних этапах развития человечества [7].
International trade processes play a crucial role in expansion of international economic relations of Uzbekistan. The development of foreign trade can be attained through the increase of export potential, the supply of new products and services to the world market in terms of quantity and quality. It is now emphasized in studies dealing with the existence of a huge export potential in the context of agriculture. Agricultural producers can be characterized by having the necessary problems about the market, the implementation of innovative and technological changes, the regulation of international market requirements, as one of the problems that arise among those engaged in production processes.
This research article aimed to analyze the organization and importance of marketing research in increasing the export opportunities of agricultural products of Uzbekistan as well as the processes of formation of trade chains, ways to develop competitiveness in the international market.
Mazkur maqolada bugungi kunda jahonda yuz berayotgan iqtisodiy globallashuv jarayonlari, jahon iqtisodiyotiga integratsiyalashuv, dunyo bo‘ylab iqtisodiyotning jadal o‘sishi tendensiyalari tahlil qilingan. Xalqaro savdo, kapital, mehnat va bilimlarning xalqaro iqtisodiy munosabatlarning o‘sish sur’atlari jahon iqtisodiyotining o‘sish sur’atlari asosida iqtisodiy globallashuv sodir bo‘lishi ilmiy asoslangan.
The Silk Road spanned the birthplaces of Egyptian, Babylonian, Indian and Chinese civilisations, and the settlements of people of different nationalities and colours. By seeking common ground while preserving differences, being open and tolerant, different civilisations painted together a magnificent chapter of human civilisation's prosperity. The ancient Silk Road has become a model of civilizational exchange, mutual appreciation and coexistence in human history, and is of great historical value
The article delves into the complexities of determining the applicable law in international arbitration agreements. It discusses the growing role of arbitration in international trade and highlights the challenges of identifying governing laws, especially when parties have not specified them. The article also explores common law and civil law approaches to this issue and mentions Uzbekistan’s recent legislative efforts to become an arbitration-friendly jurisdiction. The text is particularly relevant for legal professionals and scholars interested in international arbitration and its evolving legal frameworks.
E-tijorat bu elektron tijoratni anglatadi va elektron vosita orqali tovarlar va xizmatlar savdosiga tegishli bo‘lgan B2B, B2C, C2C va shunga o‘xshash imkoniyatlar iste’molchilarning afzalliklari va iste’mol bozorlariga kelajakdagi muammolar uchun elektron infratuzilmani rivojlantirishga yordam beradi. Elektron tijorat biznesda o‘z inqilobini shakklantirdi, Internet (NET) bilan raqobat shaklini o‘zgartirdi, komputer aloqa tarmog‘i iste’molchilar va biznes uchun elektron tijorat bozorini yaratdi. Internet va Internetga asoslangan texnologiyalarning rivojlanishi bilan an’anaviy bozorlar va global elektron bozor o‘rtasidagi farqlar, masalan, biznes kapitali hajmi va boshqalar – asta sekin torayib bormoqda. Komputerning arzonligi va internetdan foydalanishning ortib borayotgani buning sabablaridan biridir